Introduction of new forage technology in North Vietnam using participatory approaches : experiences and lessons learned

Agriculture plays an important socio-economic role in Vietnam. Animal production is expanding due to the continuous increase in demand resulting from high demographic growth in urban areas and changing food habits. Livestock development is a strategic policy of the Vietnamese government due to its potential contribution to employment creation and income generation. Increasing ruminant production requires large areas of land for forage production, however, and as there is already considerable pressure on land in Vietnam, the intensification of forage production is essential. Furthermore, the majority of farmers have limited access to appropriate technologies and improved knowledge, posing a major constraint to the development of more profitable livestock development activities. Participatory analysis was conducted in partnership with farmers in several provinces in North Vietnam. The main problem farmers identified in relation to ruminant production was shortage of grass during the winter. In response to this finding, agronomic researchers set about providing new forage species (Avena, Lolium, Medicago, Vicia, etc.) and testing them under farmer-managed conditions. The establishment of close linkages among farmers, extension workers and researchers throughout the study ensured that local knowledge and new technologies were combined in practice, enabling participating farmers to better understand research results and thereby disseminate appropriate innovations more effectively amongst their peers. The temperate forage species Avena strigosa exhibited the best adaptation to local conditions and farming systems, together with highest production levels and good nutritive value. In the first year of the project (2003/2004), 0.1 hectares were planted in one province by two farmers who were mobilized for the experiment; three years later (2006/2007), around 150 hectares will be planted with temperate forage species, with more than 650 farmers involved across seven provinces. The dissemination of research results amongst local leaders will enable the intervention to contribute to local strategies for ruminant production and development. Institutional strengthening, training, the assimilation of findings and the sharing of information are also crucial to the wider implementation of such new agricultural technologies in rural areas of Vietnam. (Résumé d'auteur

Production et utilisation de l'avoine fourragère (Avena strigosa et Avena sativa) au nord du Vietnam : une solution pour résoudre le déficit fourrager en hiver. (Proposition pour la prise en compte de l'avoine fourragère dans la liste officielle d'espèces fourragères du Vietnam)

L'élevage des bovins exige une disponibilité en fourrages de bonne qualité pour répondre aux besoins alimentaires des animaux. Au nord du Vietnam la pénurie de fourrages, notamment en saison hivernale, est actuellement un facteur limitant au développement des bovins. Une solution alternative pourrait être l'utilisation d'espèces fourragères tempérées adaptées aux températures fraîches. Depuis près de cinq années, un groupe de chercheurs1 a mis en place chez des éleveurs de sept provinces du nord Vietnam des essais fourragers et d'alimentation in vivo pour déterminer les potentialités fourragères de l'avoine. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus ont montré que deux espèces d'avoine, Avena sativa et Avena strigosa, sont bien adaptées aux conditions agro-climatiques de cette région du pays. La production fourragère totale est de l'ordre de 60 tonnes de matière verte/ha (10 tonnes matière sèche/ha), mais avec des différences significatives entre les régions, selon la qualité des sols et le niveau de la gestion technique des éleveurs. La valeur nutritive des fourrages d'avoine est élevée, les plantes étant riches en protéine (19%), en énergie (4 300 kcal) et ayant une teneur en fibres faible (27%). Les fourrages d'avoine sont bien appréciés par les vaches laitières avec une excellente ingestion et une haute digestibilité. L'utilisation d'avoine dans la ration permet une production de lait plus régulière tout au long de la lactation. Le coût énergétique et protéique des fourrages d'avoine est nettement plus faible par rapport aux autres alternatives alimentaires utilisées par les éleveurs (aliment concentré et ensilage de maïs). Même si certains résultats de production de graines sont intéressants (2 500 kg/ha), les observations ne sont pas encore conclusives dans ce domaine et des recherches sont en cours pour améliorer le protocole technique. La majorité des éleveurs ayant utilisé l'avoine pendant la saison hivernale sont très satisfaits des potentialités de cette ressource fourragère. Le nombre d'éleveurs adhérents participant aux essais (600), et les surfaces allouées par eux aux nouvelles espèces fourragères tempérées (160 ha), sont considérés comme de bons indicateurs des possibilités d'adoption de la technique au nord du Vietnam. L'utilisation des fourrages d'avoine en hiver pouvant améliorer l'efficacité et la rentabilité de l'élevage des vaches laitières au Vietnam, il est recommandé d'intégrer l'avoine dans la liste officielle des espèces fourragères du pays. D'autres actions de recherche restent à mettre en place pour déterminer les meilleures régions de production, tester la production conjointe de fourrages tropicaux et tempérés sur la même parcelle, et pour définir le meilleur protocole technique de production locale de graines. (Résumé d'auteur

The Right Way to be Human in Quốc Âm Thi Tập of Nguyen Trai and its Significance to Vietnam’s Modern Society

Nguyen Trai–a national hero, an excellent culturist, a judicious politician, an outstanding military counsellor, a genius diplomat and a great poet.The article does not aim to present the whole concept of Nguyen Trai, but rather to analyze his concept of the right way to be human in his work “Quốc âm thi tập” (Collected poems in the National Language) and from there put forward its significance in Vietnam’s modern society. Keywords: Collected poems in the National Language; The right way to be human; Wanting a peaceful life; Loyalty to the king -Patriotism

An experiment in Interactive Retrieval for the lifelog moment retrieval task at imageCLEFlifelog2020.

The development of technology has led to an increase in mobile devices’ use to keep track of individual daily activities, as known as Lifelogging. Lifelogging has raised many research challenges, one of which is how to retrieve a specific moment in response to a user’s information need. This paper presents an efficient interactive search engine for large multimodal lifelog data which is evaluated in the ImageCLEFlifelog2020 Lifelog Moment Retrieval task (LMRT). The system is the modified version of the Myscéal demonstrator used in the Lifelog Search Challenge 2020, with the addition of visual similarity and a new method of visualising results. In interactive experimentation, our system achieved an F1@ 10 score of 0.48 in the official submission but can be significantly improved by implementing a number of post-processing steps

BUILDING A DIGITAL COMPETENCY FRAMEWORK FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS, AND PUBLIC EMPLOYEES IN VIETNAM IN THE CURRENT CONTEXT OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

Digital transformation is becoming an inevitable trend in public administration, requiring cadres, civil servants, and public employees to be fully equipped with digital capacity to meet the requirements of digital government and provide effective public services. This study focuses on building a digital capacity framework for civil servants and public employees in the context of digital transformation in Vietnam. Based on the analysis of international models such as the European Digital Capacity Framework (DigComp), UNESCO Digital Capacity Framework, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and practices in Vietnam. The article proposes a digital capacity framework consisting of three main groups: (1) General digital capacity (including basic digital skills, digital communication, information security, and data processing); (2) Professional digital capacity (linked to the professional requirements of each public service position, data mining, information system operation); and (3) Leadership and management capacity in the digital environment (strategic vision, innovation, data governance, and evidence-based decision making). This digital capacity framework helps guide training, fostering, capacity assessment, and development of public human resources in the digital age.  Article visualizations

Interactive Question Answering for Multimodal Lifelog Retrieval

Supporting Question Answering (QA) tasks is the next step for lifelog retrieval systems, similar to the progression of the parent field of information retrieval. In this paper, we propose a new pipeline to tackle the QA task in the context of lifelogging, which is based on the open-domain QA pipeline. We incorporate this pipeline into a multimodal lifelog retrieval system, which allows users to submit questions prevalent to a lifelog and then suggests possible text answers based on multimodal data. A test collection is developed to facilitate the user study, the aim of which is to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system compared to a conventional lifelog retrieval system. The results show that the proposed system is more effective than the conventional system, in terms of both effectiveness and user satisfaction. The results also suggest that the proposed system is more valuable for novice users, while both systems are equally effective for experienced users

TỔNG HỢP NANO ZINC OXIDE BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP THUỶ NHIỆT VÀ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA NÓ ĐẾN KHẢ NĂNG NẢY MẦM HẠT GIỐNG CÂY DẺ (Castanea mollissima)

Việc sử dụng phân bón với lượng lớn gây ra những hệ lụy không nhỏ cho môi trường. Trong bối cảnh đó, công nghệ nano mang đến một hướng đi mới cho nền nông nghiệp bền vững và thân thiện với môi trường. Hạt nano zinc oxide (ZnO) được sử dụng rộng rãi trong nhiều lĩnh vực như y học hoặc điện tử. Một số nghiên cứu cho thấy rằng nano ZnO cũng có thể được coi là một loại phân bón nano tiềm năng. Việc sử dụng vật liệu này trong giai đoạn gieo hạt sớm, tức là mồi hạt, đã chứng tỏ có hiệu quả trong việc cải thiện tỷ lệ nảy mầm của hạt, sự phát triển và cải thiện các chỉ số về sức khỏe của cây con. Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã tổng hợp các hạt nano ZnO bằng phương pháp thủy nhiệt. Phổ hồng ngoại biến đổi Fourier (FT-IR), nhiễu xạ tia X (XRD), kính hiển vi điện tử quét (SEM) và quang phổ UV-vis đã được sử dụng để phân tích cấu trúc của vật liệu. Hạt nano ZnO có dạng hình cầu với đường kính 11,379–23,729 nm. Các hạt nano ZnO này được sử dụng trong quá trình nảy mầm và phát triển rễ của hạt giống cây dẻ (Castanea mollissimab). Các thí nghiệm cho thấy các hạt nano này cải thiện đáng kể sự nảy mầm và phát triển rễ của hạt giống cây dẻ

Myscéal 2.0: a revised experimental interactive lifelog retrieval system for LSC'21

Building an interactive retrieval system for lifelogging contains many challenges due to massive multi-modal personal data besides the requirement of accuracy and rapid response for such a tool. The Lifelog Search Challenge (LSC) is the international lifelog retrieval competition that inspires researchers to develop their systems to cope with the challenges and evaluates the effectiveness of their solutions. In this paper, we upgrade our previous Myscéal 2.0 and present Myscéal 2.0 system for the LSC'21 with the improved features inspired by the novice users experiments. The experiments show that a novice user achieved more than half of the expert score on average. To mitigate the gap of them, some potential enhancements were identified and integrated to the enhanced version

Myscéal: an experimental interactive lifelog retrieval system for LSC'20

The Lifelog Search Challenge (LSC), is an annual comparative benchmarking activity for comparing approaches to interactive retrieval from multi-modal lifelogs. Being an interactive search challenge, issues such as retrieval accuracy, search speed and usability of interfaces are key challenges that must be addressed by every participant. In this paper, we introduce Myscéal, an interactive lifelog retrieval engine designed to support novice users to retrieve items of interest from a large multimodal lifelog. Additionally, we also introduce a new similarity measure called “aTFIDF”, to match a user’s free-text information need with the multimodal lifelog index