First-principles theory of electrochemical capacitance

The differential capacitance comprises the most relevant thermodynamic information about an electrochemical system. Classical approaches to describe electrochemical capacitance have difficulties to combine the treatment of the ionic contribution of the electrolyte with the electronic contribution of the electrode. Moreover, different approaches are typically required for the description of the double-layer capacitance, on the one hand, and the pseudocapacitive contribution due to adsorption or intercalation of reactive species, on the other. In the present work, a new approach to describe electrochemical capacitance from first principles is developed. The treatment of a general electrochemical system at the level of multicomponent density-functional theory (MCDFT) yields an exact analytical expression for the total capacitance of the system, which corresponds to a formal series-circuit partitioning into "quantum" capacitance contributions of the density of states of electrons and ions, the (mean-field) electrostatic capacitance, as well as capacitance contributions of exchange and correlation among all active species. It is shown that the classical expression of the double-layer capacitance involving the interfacial Galvani potential is obtained in the limit of extended electrode and electrolyte regions. Importantly, the present formalism also describes systems with confined electrode and electrolyte phases, where the definition of the (classical) inner potentials of the electrode and electrolyte domains becomes problematic. Moreover, the new approach unifies the treatment of double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance resulting from reactive processes

The Fun in Funeral

my senior proj is a novella titled The Fun in Funeral.Purchase College SUNYCreative WritingBachelor of ArtsFerrell, Monic

Untersuchungen zum Arbeitsfluss in getakteten Bauproduktionssystemen aus Perspektive von Generalunternehmern

Ein guter Arbeitsfluss spielt in der Produktion eine maßgebende Rolle hinsichtlich der Produktivität und Effizienz. Im Bauwesen sorgt der Einsatz des Taktes für die Erzeugung des Flusses. Die vorliegende Arbeit nimmt sich dem Fluss und dem Takt im Bauwesen an. Es wird eine Arbeitsflussbewertungsmatrix für getaktete Bauprojekte hergeleitet und 50 Bauprojekte damit untersucht. Es kann ein theoretisches Verbesserungspotential von bis zu 80% hinsichtlich der Arbeitsflusseffizienz aufgezeigt werden

Collaborative Consumption And Sustainability: A Discursive Analysis Of Consumer Representations And Collaborative Website Narratives.

In this article, the authors analyze the collaborative consumption model and its contribution to sustainable consumption.  Indeed, collaborative consumption is considered as an alternative, ecological consumption mode (Bostman & Rogers, 2011), but previous research has no yet deeply explored to what extent it contributes the sustainable scheme and values. The study therefore investigates both the producer side (collaborative websites) and consumer side (blog participants) to decipher how sustainable ideals are shaped in this context and how consumers attend to them. Six segments of consumers have been identified which can help marketing and sustainable levers better frame their offer

Untersuchungen zum Arbeitsfluss in getakteten Bauproduktionssystemen aus Perspektive von Generalunternehmern

A good workflow plays a crucial role in production in terms of productivity and efficiency. In construction, the use of tact creates flow.The scientific work takes on the flow and tact in construction. A workflow evaluation matrix for tacted construction projects is derived and 50 construction projects are examined with it. A theoretical potential for improvement of up to 80% in terms of workflow efficiency can be demonstrated. With the help of the derived improvement approaches including more

Herb abundance and diversity among fire severity classes in pine-oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park

Fire suppression in forest ecosystems has changed fire regimes and modified woody plant composition, structure, and function throughout the US. Specific effects on the herbaceous plant communities are largely unknown. My study quantified herbaceous plant abundance and diversity of xeric pine-oak forests across four fire severity classes (“no burn”, low, moderate, high) in four different fires occurring within the last seven years in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM). Fire severity was determined using Landsat data and strip transects were used to sample vegetation. Herb and subshrub cover combined was low and averaged only 5.86% (ranging 0.025 to 28.25%) across all fire severities. Herb cover and richness were significantly greater in high severity areas. These areas also had low litter-duff depth and high canopy openness. Litter-duff depth and subshrub cover, which were negatively related to herbs, explained variation in herb cover, richness, and diversity, while greater canopy openness was an important factor for increased herb cover. Specifically, eudicot forbs, ferns, and graminoids were associated with high severity areas. Historically, the herb species Schizacyrium scoparium and Pteridium aquilinum were historically dominant or co-dominant with subshrubs in xeric pine-oak forests, but this was only the case in high severity areas in this study. In contrast to these responses, subshrub abundance and non-graminoid monocot presence were not related to fire severity. Reduced litter-duff depth, non-herb cover, and generally higher herb cover, richness, and diversity occurred in late growing season fire with a high Keetch-Byram Drought Index (KBDI) compared to early growing season fires with a low KBDI. These results indicate that higher severity fires maintain herbaceous communities in these ecosystems. However, high fire severity may not be favorable to several species of non-graminoid monocots. Finally, since subshrub and herb cover responded differently to fire severity, these plant groups should be considered separately in fire effects studies

Comparison of computational methods for the electrochemical stability window of solid-state electrolyte materials

Superior stability and safety are key promises attributed to all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) containing solid-state electrolyte (SSE) compared to their conventional counterparts utilizing liquid electrolyte. To unleash the full potential of ASSBs, SSE materials that are stable when in contact with the low and high potential electrodes are required. The electrochemical stability window is conveniently used to assess the SSE-electrode interface stability. In the present work, we review the most important methods to compute the SSE stability window. Our analysis reveals that the stoichiometry stability method represents a bridge between HOMO-LUMO method and phase stability method (grand canonical phase diagram). Moreover, we provide computational implementations of these methods for SSE material screening. We compare their results for the relevant Li- and Na-SSE materials LGPS, LIPON, LLZO, LLTO, LATP, LISICON, and NASICON, and we discuss their relation to published experimental stability windows