To be fair

In this paper I present a theory of what it is to be fair. I take my cue from Broome's well known 1990 account of fairness. Broome's basic thesis is that fairness is the proportional satisfaction of claims, and with this I am in at least partial agreement. But neither Broome nor anyone else (so far as I know) has laid down a theory of precisely what one must do in order to be fair. The theory offered here does just this

Beyond definition: Organising semantic information in bilingual dictionaries

This paper considers the process of organising semantic information in bilingual dictionaries with diachronic coverage, from selecting the textual source-material to designing the entries. The discussion centres on practical aspects of ancient Greek lexicography. First, the traditional semantic frameworks are described. Then, more recent approaches are noted, notably those of Adrados and of Chadwick, both of which aim to integrate contextual data within a semantic framework. Since the relevance of contextual information varies with lemma part of speech, different configurations are required for entries describing nouns, adjectives, and verbs. These are illustrated by three entries from a Greek-English dictionary currently being written at Cambridge. In order to organise data to this level of specificity, stylistic templates are indispensable, and digital software provides a means of providing them. However, systems designed for writing new dictionaries require different features from those designed for encoding pre-existing texts. A description is given of how the lexicographic requirements of the Cambridge dictionary were met by a user-designed system

Evaluation of the energy impact of PCM tiles in an Airport Terminal Departure hall

Copyright @ 2013 CIBSEIn most past studies, passive PCM (phase change materials) systems have been tested for relatively small office spaces where the airflow is of minimal consequence in the overall energy consumption of the space. This paper on the other hand, reports on the application of PCM tiles on the floor of an Airport terminal space, similar to London Heathrow Terminal 5 departure hall, where in such large open spaces, the influence of airflow is crucial for the evaluation of the energy performance of AC units. In this paper, the evaluation of the energy performance of PCM tiles is obtained through a coupled simulation of TRNSYS and CFD. TRNSYS simulates the AC unit and PID control systems, while CFD is used to simulate the airflow and radiation inside the terminal space. The phase change process is simulated in CFD using an in-house developed model which considers hysteresis effects and the non-linear enthalpy-temperature relationship of PCMs. Although, a displacement ventilation (DV) system is actually employed at Heathrow Terminal 5, this study also compares the performance of the PCM tiles for a mixed ventilation (MV) system. Due to large computing times associated with CFD, discrete time-dependent scenarios under different UK weather conditions are used. The yearly energy demand is then determined through the heating/cooling degree day concept using base temperatures of 18 and 23 °C for HDD and CDD, respectively, similar to the comfort temperature range in the Terminal. The results show that the use of PCM tiles on the floor of the Terminal departure hall can lead to annual energy savings of around 3% for the DV system and 6% for the MV system, corresponding to 174 MWh/year and 379 MWh/year for the Terminal building.This work was funded by the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Grant No: EP/H004181/1

On Theorem 10 in "On Polar Polytopes and the Recovery of Sparse Representations" (vol 50, pg 2231, 2004)

(c)2013 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. Published version: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 59 (8): 5206-5209, Aug 2013. doi:10.1109/TIT.2013.225929

The vasculature and its role in the damaged and healing tendon

Tendon pathology has many manifestations, from spontaneous rupture to chronic tendinitis or tendinosis; the etiology and pathology of each are very different, and poorly understood. Tendon is a comparatively poorly vascularised tissue that relies heavily upon synovial fluid diffusion to provide nutrition. During tendon injury, as with damage to any tissue, there is a requirement for cell infiltration from the blood system to provide the necessary reparative factors for tissue healing. We describe in this review the response of the vasculature to tendon damage in a number of forms, and how and when the revascularisation or neovascularisation process occurs. We also include a section on the revascularisation of tendon during its use as a tendon graft in both ligament reconstruction and tendon–tendon grafting

FERROCENYL ALKYLAMMONIUM N-SUBSTITUTED POLYPYRROLE CONTAINING Pt AND Pd AND ITS APPLICATION ON ELECTROANALYSIS OF ARSENITE

Indexación: Web of Science; Scopus; Scielo.Arsenic occurs in a variety of forms and oxidation states and is a very toxic element. The main inorganic arsenic species present in natural waters are arsenate (oxidation state V) and arsenite ions (oxidation state III). Arsenite is more toxic and mobile than arsenate. Therefore, it is important the development of new materials for analysis and control of these toxic species. This research proves that polymer-metal composite electrode materials synthesized by incorporation of Pt-0 and Pd-0 nanoparticles into a poly(pyrrole-ferrocenyl alkylammonium) matrix present electrocatalytic properties towards the oxidation of arsenite to arsenate. The polymer films displayed a stable electrochemical response in aqueous solution. However, when the polymer film modified electrode were transferred to aqueous solution in presence of arsenite anions, the CV curves for polymer films were deeply modified by the decrease in the electroactivity of the film. It can be concluded that the cationic polymer films present a strong affinity toward arsenite anions. The composite films containing Pt-0 or Pd-0 showed catalytic activity towards oxidation of As(III) to As(V) due to the presence of metal catalyst particles into the polymer films.http://ref.scielo.org/dgdvx