Detection of non-consumptive effects of predation and intraspecific aggression in fire salamander larvae: Environmental issues

The identification of injury causes may reveal important insights on the factors that influence intra and interspecific predation pressures. In this study we evaluated the proportion of injuries occurring in fire salamander larvae (Salamandra salamandra) in caves and epigean springs to understand the factors determining non-consumptive effects that may affect larval survival. We surveyed 25 sites (13 cave pools, 12 spring pools) during the day. We applied two consecutive removal samplings to collect fire salamander larvae and examined every removed larva to detect if it had injuries and we evaluated the proportion of the injured larvae on the total number of collected larvae. For each site we recorded different environmental variables including predator occurrence and prey density. The proportion of injured larvae was significantly linked only to predators occurrence. Our results show that interspecific predation pressure is a major source of non-consumptive effects that may affect larval survival Overall, our study underlines the role that environmental features may play on the non-consumptive effects of selective pressures that affect larval survival. Predator occurrence determines the levels of non-consumptive effects and larval survival across their developmental cycle. These results deriving from a field survey could furnish useful insights for further experimental studies

In Memoriam : Barry Sinervo 1961-2021

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Cases of albinism and leucism in amphibians in Italy : new reports

Findings of abnormally pigmented amphibian individuals provide interesting insights on intraspecific phenotypic variability as well as on variation among populations inhabiting different habitats. Amphibian coloration is determined by chromatophores (specific epidermal cells), and a variety of abnormalities related to them have been reported. In this study we reported cases of albinism and leucism in six species of Italian amphibians, including some endemic species. For some taxa, like Hydromantes sarrabusensis, H. flavus, H. supramontis and Bufo viridis, we describe the first observations of albinism and leucism

Severe aberrant glenohumeral motor patterns in a young female rower: a case report

Background: This case features an 18-year-old female with glenohumeral dysrhythmia and subluxation-relocation patterns. This unusual case highlights the need for careful examination and consideration to the anatomical structures involved. Conventional approaches to shoulder examination include range of motion, orthopaedic tests and manual resistance tests. We also assessed the patient's cognitive ability to coordinate muscle function. With this type of assessment we found that co-contraction of local muscle groups seemed to initially improve the patients abnormal shoulder motion. With this information a rehabilitation method was instituted with a goal to maintain the improvement. Case presentation: An 18-year-old female with no history of trauma, presented with painless kinesiopathology of the left shoulder (in abduction) consisting of dysrhythmia of the glenohumeral joint and early lateral rotation of the scapula. Examination also showed associated muscle atrophy of the lower trapezius and surrounding general muscle weakness. We used an untested functional assessment method in addition to more conventional methods. Exercise rehabilitation interventions were subsequently prescribed and graduated in accordance with what is known as the General Physical Rehabilitation Pyramid. Conclusion: This paper presents an unusual case of aberrant shoulder movement. It highlights the need for careful examination and thought regarding the anatomical structures and normal motor patterns associated with the manoeuvre being tested. It also emphasised the use of co-contraction during examination in an attempt to immediately improve a regional dysrythmia if there is suspicion of a regional aberrant motor pattern. Further research may be warranted to test this approach

Affections traumatiques de l'appareil locomoteur

2e Doctorat Médecine - CHIR 020info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Chirurgie traumatique

SYL-4351 = Fascicule 11er doctoratinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Pathologie et thérapeutique des maladies chirurgicales: pathologie traumatique

SYL-2622 = fascicule 1Année Académique 1976-1977 Ier Doctoratinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Contribution à l'étude biomécanique du fémur humain. Etude mécanique du fémur normal et prothésé. Vérification des lois de Wolff. Rôle du remaniement haversien dans l'adaptation de l'os aux sollicitations mécaniques

Doctorat en sciences médicalesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Traumatologie

2 édition 4 tirage Année Académique 1978-19791er Doctoratinfo:eu-repo/semantics/published