Innovative Ways to Resolution of Native Title in Australia: Promoting Secure Futures on Pastoral Country

Negotiated agreements between traditional owners and pastoralists about use and management of lands held under pastoral lease tenures in the arid and semi-arid rangelands of Australia will promote secure futures for both parties. In this paper we will discuss this assertion and the processes of agreement making we are engaged in the South Australian rangelands. First we will explain the particular meaning of the Australian jargon we use throughout this paper - traditional owner, pastoralist and pastoral lease tenure. Following this we envision what the agreements that will result from current negotiating processes will deliver and how they will work 'on the ground'. We consider some of the challenges for the negotiating process and useful roles for business and property planning as tools to shape the content of agreements.Land Economics/Use,

Labour management

labour management is more than ensuring the tractor has a driver when the soil is right. It is more than a simple excersise of matching man to machine, more than the simple arithmetic of hiring and firing to suit a short-term budget. Labour management needs to be wise, sensitive, prsctical and system-orientated

Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat Dalam Pemilihan Bupati Dan Wakil Bupati Banyumas Tahun 2018 Di Kelurahan Pabuwaran, Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara, Kabupaten Banyumas

Penelitian ini berjudul “Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat dalam Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Banyumas Tahun 2018 di Kelurahan Pabuwaran, Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara, Kabupaten Banyumas”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan tentang Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat dalam Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Tahun 2018 di Kelurahan Pabuwaran, Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara, Kabupaten Banyumas dan kendala apa saja yang dihadapi masyarakat di Kelurahan Pabuaran, Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara, Kabupaten Banyumas dalam Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Tahun 2018. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan studi kasus. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah berbagai pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh partisipasi politik masyarakat Kelurahan Pabuaran pada pilbup mencapai 75,52%. Kelurahan Pabuaran menduduki urutan ke-7 atau paling akhir untuk tingkat Kecamatan Purwokerto Utara meskipun sudah dilakukan berbagai macam strategi untuk meningkatkan tingkat partisipasi politik masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh Tokoh Masyarakat, Tim Sukses Achmad Husein – Sadewo, Pengurus PDIP, Tokoh Perempuan, KPPS Kelurahan Pabuwaran dan Perwakilan dari KPU Banyumas yaitu telah melakukan sosialisasi, mengajak masyarakat untuk memilih salah satu pasangan calon, melakukan kampanye, dialog, dan lainnya dalam meningkatkan partisipasi politik masyarakat di Kelurahan Pabuwaran. Adapun kendala yang dihadapi dalam partisipasi politik masyarakat di Kelurahan Pabuwaran yaitu kurang paham terkait kedua pasangan calon Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Banyumas; Kurangnya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat untuk ikut memilih pada saat Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Banyumas; Adanya pekerja yang melakukan pekerjaannya di luar kota sehingga tidak dapat meninggalkan pekerjaan pada saat Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Banyumas; Masih ada masyarakat yang kurang peduli terhadap Pemilihan Bupati dan Wakil Bupati Banyumas karena merasa kecewa, tidak mendengar aspirasi masyarakat dan tidak merangkul masyarakat kecil; Sebagian masyarakat di Kelurahan Pabuwaran adalah pendatang yang hanya bekerja dibidang swasta, mempunyai bisnis, dan masih ada beberapa masyarakat yang belum percaya kepada kedua calon bupati

Accuracy evaluation of a Low-Cost Differential Global Positioning System for mobile robotics

Differential GPS, commonly referred as DGPS, is a well-known and very accurate localization system for many outdoor applications in particular for mobile outdoor robotics. The most common drawback of DGPS systems are the high costs for both base station and receivers. In this paper, we present a setup that uses third-party open-source software and a Ublox ZED-F9P chip to build a ROS-enabled low-cost DGPS setup that is ready to use in a few hours. The main goal of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the repetitive and absolute accuracy of the system. The first measurement also examines the differences between a SAPOS base station and a locally installed one consisting of low-cost components. During the evaluation process of the absolute accuracy, a moving mobile robot is used on the receiver side. It is tracked through a highly accurate VICON motion capture system.Comment: Submitted to IEEE Sensors 202

Assessing satisfaction with a nurse-led clinical trials clinic

This article reports the results of a patient satisfaction questionnaire used to evaluate a newly established gastrointestinal cancer clinical trials nurse-led clinic. The service was set up to accommodate the increased clinical trials portfolio at Great Western Hospital, Swindon (Winter et al 2011). While patients were overwhelmingly positive about the clinic and the practitioner providing it, the survey indicated areas for improvement, which include offering the option of seeing a doctor or nurse, changes in allocated clinic times to avoid delays and the need to address patients’ anxiety

Phase II study to evaluate combining gemcitabine with flutamide in advanced pancreatic cancer patients

A phase II study was undertaken to determine the safety of combining flutamide with gemcitabine, with response rate being the primary end point. Twenty-seven patients with histologically proven, previously untreated, unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma received gemcitabine, 1 g m−2 intravenously on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle, and flutamide 250 mg given orally three times daily. Treatment was halted if there was unacceptable toxicity, or evidence of disease progression. Toxicity was documented every cycle. Tumour assessment was undertaken after cycles 2 and 4, and thereafter at least every additional four cycles. One hundred and seventeen cycles of treatment were administered, median four cycles per patient (range 1–18). Gemcitabine combined with flutamide was well tolerated, with most toxicities being recorded as grade 1 or 2 and only nine treatment cycles associated with grade 3 toxicity. The most frequent toxicity was myelosuppression. One case of transient jaundice was recorded. The commonest symptomatic toxicity was nausea and vomiting. The response rate was 15% (four partial responses), median survival 6 months and 22% of patients were alive at 1 year. These results suggest antitumour activity of the combination therapy to be equivalent to single agent gemcitabine

Clinical Trial of Oral Nelfinavir before and during Radiation Therapy for Advanced Rectal Cancer

Purpose Nelfinavir, a PI3-kinase pathway inhibitor, is a radiosensitizer which increases tumor blood flow in preclinical models. We conducted an early-phase study to demonstrate the safety of nelfinavir combined with hypofractionated radiotherapy (RT) and to develop biomarkers of tumor perfusion and radiosensitization for this combinatorial approach. Patients and Methods Ten patients with T3-4 N0-2 M1 rectal cancer received 7 days of oral nelfinavir (1250 mg bd) and a further 7 days of nelfinavir during pelvic RT (25 Gy/5 fractions/7 days). Perfusion CT (p-CT) and DCE-MRI scans were performed pre-treatment, after 7 days of nelfinavir and prior to last fraction of RT. Biopsies taken pre-treatment and 7 days after the last fraction of RT were analysed for tumor cell density (TCD). Results There were 3 drug-related grade 3 adverse events: diarrhea, rash, lymphopenia. On DCE-MRI, there was a mean 42% increase in median Ktrans, and a corresponding median 30% increase in mean blood flow on p-CT during RT in combination with nelfinavir. Median TCD decreased from 24.3% at baseline to 9.2% in biopsies taken 7 days after RT (P=0.01). Overall, 5/9 evaluable patients exhibited good tumor regression on MRI assessed by Tumor Regression Grade (mrTRG). Conclusions This is the first study to evaluate nelfinavir in combination with RT without concurrent chemotherapy. It has shown that nelfinavir-RT is well tolerated and is associated with increased blood flow to rectal tumors. The efficacy of nelfinavir-RT versus RT alone merits clinical evaluation, including measurement of tumor blood flow

Identifying the deficiencies of current diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis 2 using databases of 2777 individuals with molecular testing

Purpose We have evaluated deficiencies in existing diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2). Methods Two large databases of individuals fulfilling NF2 criteria (n = 1361) and those tested for NF2 variants with criteria short of diagnosis (n = 1416) were interrogated. We assessed the proportions meeting each diagnostic criterion with constitutional or mosaic NF2 variants and the positive predictive value (PPV) with regard to definite diagnosis. Results There was no evidence for usefulness of old criteria “glioma“ or “neurofibroma.” “Ependymoma” had 100% PPV and high levels of confirmed NF2 diagnosis (67.7%). Those with bilateral vestibular schwannoma (VS) alone aged ≥60 years had the lowest confirmation rate (6.6%) and reduced PPV (80%). Siblings as a first-degree relative, without an affected parent, had 0% PPV. All three individuals with unilateral VS and an affected sibling were proven not to have NF2. The biggest overlap was with LZTR1-associated schwannomatosis. In this category, seven individuals with unilateral VS plus ≥2 nondermal schwannomas reduced PPV to 67%. Conclusions The present study confirms important deficiencies in NF2 diagnostic criteria. The term “glioma” should be dropped and replaced by “ependymoma.” Similarly “neurofibroma” should be removed. Dropping “sibling” from first-degree relatives should be considered and testing of LZTR1 should be recommended for unilateral VS

Investigation of the physiological basis of malting quality of grain developing under high temperature conditions

Short periods ( up to 5 days ) of high temperatures have been shown to reduce grain weight in barley although the specific effects on malting quality are still not clearly understood. Controlled environment conditions were used in this study to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses in Schooner barley to 5 days of elevated temperatures during grain filling. Control plants were maintained at 21 / 16 ° C ( 14th day ) from anthesis to harvest ripeness. Plants undergoing heat treatment experienced increasing temperatures for two days ( from 16 days after anthesis ) followed by 3 days at high temperatures (35 ° C day / 25 ° C night ). The period of high temperature reduced individual grain dry weight by 18 %. Schooner barley endosperm ( the grain storage tissue ) exhibited greater sensitivity to high temperatures than the whole grain ( 25 % reduction in dry weight ) in response to high temperatures. Grain development was accelerated by exposure to high temperatures and a reduction of approximately 8 % in the duration of grain filling was observed in heat treated compared with control grain. Changes in endosperm composition provided evidence that exposure to high temperatures altered overall grain metabolism. Reduction in starch, the single most important grain component contributing to final grain weight was the major factor lowering final grain dry weight, b - glucan deposition was also reduced following high temperature exposure. Little change was observed in the absolute amount of nitrogen accumulated per endosperm, although nitrogen concentration was higher in heat - treated grain, due mainly to reduced grain size and lower starch content. The results of this study confirmed other reports that the conversion of sucrose to starch was limiting in grain exposed to a period of high temperature. The amount of substrate, sucrose, within heat treated endosperms was not found to be limiting starch accumulation. The reduction in starch synthesis appeared to result from the combined effects of diminished catalytic activity of several enzymes in the committed pathway of starch synthesis and / or delayed recovery of enzyme activity during the cooler conditions which followed the heating period. Soluble starch synthase ( SSS ) showed an immediate loss of catalytic activity, even at moderate temperatures, while sucrose synthase and uridine 5 ' - diphosphoglucose pyrophosphorylase showed greatest reduction in activity only after plants were returned to cooler conditions. Individual enzymes showed variation in the level of recovery under the cooler temperature conditions which followed the heating period. The high temperature conditions which induced changes in the metabolism of grains following high temperature exposure, were associated with alterations to the appearance of the starchy endosperm cells, including the distribution of starch granules and their growth. Under elevated temperatures the synthesis of endosperm starch did not appear to keep pace with cell division and cell enlargement and peripheral endosperm cells remained relatively empty of starch granules. A reduction in Calcofluor fluorescent cell wall material was observed in both the endosperm and the crushed cell layer of heat treated grains. Microscopic observations revealed that the lower levels of starch observed in heat treated barley grains were not only associated with reduced accumulation of starch, but also localised degradation of the barley endosperm. Increased embryo growth, which was observed to take place in heat treated grains, may have been due to the nutrients thus generated although further investigations are required to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Structural observations of harvest ripe grain developing under control conditions also revealed changes in the grain associated with early germination events, and the possibility of a continuum between development and germination has been put forward. High temperature exposure resulted in an overall decrease in malt extract potential, but there was evidence that the effects of heat on individual malt parameters were both beneficial and detrimental. While DP, beta - amylase deposition, beta - glucan and viscosity were improved, heat treatment was associated with a reduced quantity of starch and increased protein concentration. Grain and malt beta - glucan levels were reduced as a result of high temperature exposure and beta - glucan degradation was enhanced in these grains. The overall reduction in the amount of ' maltable ' grain ( due to reduced grain size ) represented one of the most significant effects of heat treatment. The effects of a period of high temperature on grain growth and subsequent malting quality were examined for barley varieties Schooner and Arapiles and advanced breeding line WI - 2875 * 22. All showed reduced final grain dry weight in heat treated grains but the response to high temperature exposure with respect to starch, protein and ( b - glucan accumulation varied. The continued synthesis of starch by Arapiles and WI - 2875 * 22 under high temperature conditions warrants further investigation. Evidence has also been presented indicating that water loss may not have a decisive role in the termination of grain filling. The effect of high temperatures on the non - endosperm component of the grain showed both genotypic and environmental variation. Changes in the contribution made by the non - endosperm component to final grain weight was observed to lead to alterations in the relative concentration of important grain storage components. This was found to be crucial where potentially important heat stable quality characteristics, such as reduced accumulation of nitrogen, were masked by changes in the contribution to final grain dry weight by the non - endosperm component of the grain.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Dept. of Plant Science, 199