THE DANGERS OF FIGHTING TERRORISM WITH TECHNOCOMMUNITARIANISM: CONSTITUTIONAL PROTECTIONS OF FREE EXPRESSION, EXPLORATION, AND UNMONITORED ACTIVITY IN URBAN SPACES

Part I of this article examines how some commentators can plausibly argue that constitutional liberty and privacy protections do not protect the individual liberty and privacy that modern individuals have come to expect in many public spaces, particularly in urban environments. Constitutional liberalism, this section points out, makes this question a difficult one, because it is marked by scrupulous neutrality towards different visions of “the good life.” In other words, the constitutional order does not condemn those who choose a communitarian way of life and favor those who prefer individualism. Rather, it tolerates both of these (and other) preferences about one’s social and cultural environment, and leaves citizens free to opt for the life of their choice. Part II suggests that it is difficult to make sense of our modern jurisprudence of First Amendment rights, especially as they relate to anonymous communication and association on the Internet and elsewhere, unless one allows room in our constitutional law for a jurisprudence that “captures” and preserves social incarnations of liberty and privacy that were not yet in existence when theConstitution was drafted. Therefore, it is possible for for courts and others to find that freedom-enabling institutions that did not exist earlier in American history, and might cease to exist in the future, deserve certain constitutional protection while they are here. Part III explains that like the virtual liberation offered by the Internet, city life offered and continues to offer an invaluable refuge for substantial expressive activity and intellectual exploration that would be far more elusive without this type of urban existence. It provides individuals with an incredibly rich bazaar of ideas, and allows them to browse among these deas, substantially free from outside monitoring or control. While First Amendment law does not single out urban environments for protection, it protects such environments indirectly by preserving certain opportunities that are characteristic of modern urban life: opportunities for giving speeches to large crowds, for confronting strangers with ideas they may find unfamiliar or provocative, or for speaking or gathering information in the anonymity of the crowd

Fringe Field Effects on Bending Magnets, Derived for TRANSPORT/TURTLE

A realistic magnetic dipole has complex effects on a charged particle near the entrance and exit of the magnet, even with a constant and uniform magnetic field deep within the interior of the magnet. To satisfy Maxwell's equations, the field lines near either end of a realistic magnet are significantly more complicated, yielding non-trivial forces. The effects of this fringe field are calculated to first order, applying both the paraxial and thin lens approximations. We find that, in addition to zeroth order effects, the position of a particle directly impacts the forces in the horizontal and vertical directions.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figure

High Resolution BIMA Observations of CO, HCN, and 13CO in NGC 1068

We present high-resolution CO, HCN, and 13CO maps of the inner arcminute of NGC 1068 made with the BIMA interferometer. Several features appear in the CO map which have not previously been observed: (1) a firm detection of CO line emission from a compact region centered on the nucleus of the galaxy; (2) the detection of a triplet velocity structure characteristic of kinematically independent regions shown on the spectrum of the unresolved nuclear emission ; and (3) the detection of a molecular bar, the extent and position angle of which are in good agreement with the 2 $\mu$m stellar bar. The most intense CO emission is nonnuclear; the structure and kinematics of this emission imply that this gas is distributed along the inner spiral arms and not in a ring. The bar's kinematic influence on the molecular gas in the spiral arms is modest, with typical ordered noncircular motions of \la\ 30 \kms\ in the plane of the galaxy. Interior to the spiral arms, the bar's influence is more dramatic, as reflected by the twisted isovelocity contours in the CO and HCN velocity fields. The surface density of molecular gas within the central 100 pc radius of NGC 1068 is the same as that in the central 200 pc radius in the Milky Way to within the uncertainties. There is evidence for an $m= 1$ kinematic mode in NGC 1068; we find the kinematic center of rotation to be displaced from the radio continuum center by about 2.9", or 200 pc. The HCN image, in contrast to the CO map, shows a strong concentration of emission centered on the nucleus. The ratio of integrated intensities of the HCN emission to that of CO is about 0.6 and is the highest ratio measured in the central region of any galaxy.Comment: 35 pages of uuencoded, compressed postscript, 20 postscript figures not included but available from [email protected] or from ftp://astro.astro.umd.edu/pub/thelfer/n1068_figs.ps.Z To appear in The Astrophysical Journal, V. 450, Sept. 199

Global Tactical Cross-Asset Allocation: Applying Value and Momentum Across Asset Classes

In this paper we examine global tactical asset allocation (GTAA) strategies across a broad range of asset classes. Contrary to market timing for single asset classes and tactical allocation across similar assets, this topic has received little attention in the existing literature. Our main finding is that momentum and value strategies applied to GTAA across twelve asset classes deliver statistically and economically significant abnormal returns. For a long top-quartile and short bottom-quartile portfolio based on a combination of momentum and value signals we find a return of 12% per annum over the 1986-2007 period. Performance is stable over time, also present in an out-of-sample period and sufficiently high to overcome transaction costs in practice. The return cannot be explained by potential structural biases towards asset classes with high risk premiums, nor the Fama French and Carhart hedge factors. We argue that financial markets may be macro inefficient due to insufficient ‘smart money’ being available to arbitrage mispricing effects away.momentum;GTAA;global asset allocation;value effect