Evaluation of quality of life according to asthma control and asthma severity in children and adolescents

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To evaluate quality of life according to the level of asthma control and degree of asthma severity in children and adolescents. METHODS: We selected children and adolescents with asthma (7-17 years of age) from the Pediatric Pulmonology Outpatient Clinic of the State University of Campinas Hospital de Clínicas, located in the city of Campinas, Brazil. Asthma control and asthma severity were assessed by the Asthma Control Test and by the questionnaire based on the Global Initiative for Asthma, respectively. The patients also completed the Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ), validated for use in Brazil, in order to evaluate their quality of life. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 11.22 ± 2.91 years, with a median of 11.20 (7.00-17.60) years. We selected 100 patients, of whom 27, 33, and 40 were classified as having controlled asthma (CA), partially controlled asthma (PCA), and uncontrolled asthma (UA), respectively. As for asthma severity, 34, 19, and 47 were classified as having mild asthma (MiA), moderate asthma (MoA), and severe asthma (SA), respectively. The CA and the PCA groups, when compared with the NCA group, showed higher values for the overall PAQLQ score and all PAQLQ domains (activity limitation, symptoms, and emotional function; p < 0.001 for all). The MiA group showed higher scores for all of the PAQLQ components than did the MoA and SA groups. CONCLUSIONS: Quality of life appears to be directly related to asthma control and asthma severity in children and adolescents, being better when asthma is well controlled and asthma severity is lower

Fatores de risco para readmissão hospitalar de crianças e adolescentes asmáticos

OBJETIVO: Verificar a importância da admissão hospitalar de lactentes jovens na readmissão futura por asma. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se uma avaliação retrospectiva de prontuários de 202 pacientes, menores de quinze anos, registrados em ambulatório de Pneumologia Pediátrica, que foram reinternados uma ou mais vezes. O tempo decorrido entre a primeira hospitalização e a subseqüente readmissão foi analisado pelo método de Kaplan Meier, ao passo que a comparação entre as curvas de sobrevivência para diferentes faixas etárias foi analisada pelo teste log-rank. Empregou-se ainda análise multivariada para avaliação dos fatores de risco associados à readmissão. RESULTADOS: Readmissões foram observadas na quase totalidade dos pacientes nos dezoito meses seguintes à primeira hospitalização (94,5%). Quando a idade à primeira admissão hospitalar foi =12 meses, a readmissão foi mais precoce, comparada à do grupo com doze meses ou mais (p = 0,001). Os fatores de risco associados à readmissão foram: idades à primeira admissão inferiores a doze meses (odds ratio: 2,55, intervalo de confiança de 95%: 1,18 - 5,48) e entre treze e 24 meses (odds ratio: 3,54, intervalo de confiança de 95%: 1,31 - 9,63), e gravidade do quadro clínico de asma (odds ratio: 3,86, intervalo de confiança de 95%: 2,02 - 7,4). CONCLUSÃO: Após a primeira hospitalização, as crianças com asma devem ter acompanhamento rigoroso, pois o risco de readmissão é elevado nos primeiros meses após a alta, principalmente nos menores de dois anos. Os serviços de saúde devem se organizar adequadamente para enfrentar este problema, inclusive quanto à ampla dispensação de medicação profilática.OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence that hospital admission of suckling infants with asthma has on their risk for future admissions for the same cause. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted, in which the charts of 202 patients, all less than fifteen years of age, were evaluated. All of the patients had been treated as outpatients in a pediatric pulmonology clinic and had been admitted to the hospital on one or more occasions. A multivariate analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the risk factors associated with multiple hospitalizations. RESULTS: Virtually all of the patients evaluated were hospitalized a second time within 18 months of the first hospitalization. Among the patients first hospitalized at = 12 months of age, the second admission occurred sooner than did that recorded for those first hospitalized at > 12 months of age (p = 0.001). The risk factors found to be associated with multiple hospital admissions were as follows: age at first admission = 12 months (odds ratio: 2.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.18-5.48); age at first admission between 13 and 24 months (odds ratio: 3.54; 95% confidence interval: 1.31-9.63); and severity of asthma symptoms (odds ratio: 3.86; 95% confidence interval: 2.02-7.40). CONCLUSION: After the first hospitalization, children with asthma should be closely monitored, since the risk of subsequent admissions is elevated in the first months following discharge, especially among those of less than two years of age. Health care facilities should be organized to confront this problem appropriately and should dispense prophylactic medication more freely