Indigenous youth justice programs evaluation

In this report, four programs that were already being implemented by states and territories and identified by them under the National Indigenous Law & Justice Framework as promising practice in diversion are examined. Executive summary Diversion from the youth justice system is a critical goal for addressing the overrepresentation of Indigenous young people in the criminal justice system. In this report, four programs that were already being implemented by states and territories and identified by them under the National Indigenous Law & Justice Framework as promising practice in diversion are examined. The programs were evaluated, as part of a broader initiative, to determine whether and on what basis they represent good practice (ie are supported by evidence). State and territory governments nominated the programs for evaluation. The four programs sit at different points along a continuum, ranging from prevention (addressing known risk factors for offending behaviour, such as disengagement from family, school, community or culture), early intervention (with identified at-risk young people), diversion (diverting from court process—usually for first or second time offenders) and tertiary intervention (treatment to prevent recidivism): • Aboriginal Power Cup (South Australia)—a sports-based program for engaging Indigenous young people in education and providing positive role models (prevention). • Tiwi Islands Youth Development and Diversion Unit (Northern Territory)—a diversion program that engages Tiwi youth who are at risk of entering the criminal justice system in prevention activities, such as a youth justice conference, school, cultural activities, sport and recreation (early intervention and diversion). • Woorabinda Early Intervention Panel Coordination Service (Queensland)—a program to assess needs and make referrals for young Indigenous people and their families who are at risk or have offended and have complex needs (early intervention and diversion). • Aggression Replacement Training (Queensland)—a 10 week group cognitivebehavioural program to control anger and develop pro-social skills, delivered to Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth assessed as ‘at risk’ of offending or reoffending (early intervention and tertiary intervention with offenders to reduce risk of reoffending). For each program, the evaluation team developed a ‘program logic’, identifying the activities and goals of the program, and how it articulates within a broader framework of criminal justice prevention. This informed the design of the evaluation and the approach to collecting both qualitative data (from young people participating in the program, program staff, family, or other service providers/community members) and quantitative data to identify any effects of the program on individuals, or the broader community

Pelvic floor disorders in gynecological malignancies. An overlooked problem?

Cervical, endometrial, ovarian, vulvar, and vaginal cancers affect women of a broad age spectrum. Many of these women are still sexually active when their cancer is diagnosed. Treatment options for gynecological malignancies, such as gynecological surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, are proven risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction. The prevalence of urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and sexual dysfunction before cancer treatment is still unclear. Hypotheses have been raised in the literature that these manifestations could represent early symptoms of pelvic cancers, but most remain overlooked even in cancer surviving patients. The primary focus of therapy is always cancer eradication, but as oncological and surgical treatment options become more successful, the number of cancer survivors increases. The quality of life of patients with gynecological cancers often remains an underrated subject. Pelvic floor disorders are not consistently reported by patients and are frequently overlooked by many clinicians. In this brief review we discuss the importance of pelvic floor dysfunction in patients with gynecological malignant tumors

Positive surgical margins in nephron-sparing surgery; the great unknown

There is a currently a general trend towards organ-preserving surgery, and urology is no exception. Specifically, nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) has gained general acceptance for T1a renal cell carcinoma (guidelines recommendations). Moreover T1b, T2 and even T3 stage tumors have been included on the nephron sparing list at some centers. An unresolved issue is that of positive surgical margins (PSM), not only their detection but also the implications for follow up and treatment. This paper highlights data available on risk factors for PSM, their clinical relevance, and possible therapeutic consequences. From the surgeon’s viewpoint, NSS is a daring and risky surgical procedure. Urological guidelines stress the importance of NSS, and thus the trend is moving in that direction. Unresolved, however, is the problem of PSM. Trifecta, MIC, and pentafecta are applicable concepts which attempt to define the optimal endpoint of NSS, but further elaboration is necessary. Specifically, research needs to focus less on the concept of definitive margins and more on their identification and avoidance. Although some studies suggest that PSMs do not influence overall survival rate, the basic idea of preserving tissue that is not cancerous leads to further medical, social, and psychological considerations

New oral anticoagulants and their reversal agents

Atrial fibrillation is a commonly encountered pathology in medical practice, and its prevalence has shown a continuous rise over the past years. Atrial fibrillation has a significant impact on patients\u27 quality of life, not only due to the standard anticoagulant treatment with vitamin K antagonists that require close monitoring and dose adjustment, but also due to the fragile equilibrium between hemorrhagic and thrombotic risks. The introduction of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the treatment guidelines for atrial fibrillation has improved the quality of life, as NOACs do not require close monitoring or dose adjustments. However, even if the safety profile of the NOACs regarding the hemorrhagic risk is superior to vitamin K antagonists, the problem raised by an unexpected hemorrhage (e.g. severe hemorrhage after an accident) and the need for efficient hemostasis in a chronic anticoagulated patient has remained unsolved. To find a solution for this problem, reversal agents for NOACs have been developed and tested, and two of them, idarucizumab and andexanet-alpha, have already been approved by the FDA, thus making NOACs increasingly appealing as a choice of anticoagulation treatment

Constrained-Random Verification for Synthesis: Tools and Results

This paper presents the tools for automation the synthesis of constrained-random generator for verification the synthesizable designs of microprocessors and microcontrollers. The structure of constrained-random generator is coded by a stochastic grammar that is defined using the elaborated tools. Various constrained-random parameters, inclusively simulation coverage, can be estimated thanks to correspondence between stochastic grammar and the Markov chain. The performed test experiments have showed that the apriori estimations and aposteriori test results are in good agreement

Arqueología de la racionalidad filosófica. Filosofía y vida en Le point de départ de la recherche philosophique (1906) de Maurice Blondel

Reseño la noción de racionalidad filosófica en Le point de départ de la recherchephilosophique (1906) de Maurice Blondel. Parto de la filosofía constituida, en sus tensiones internas, para re-conducirla a su arché: la subjetividad-en-acción, definida por la inquietud o inadecuación de prospección y reflexión. Reconstruyo el dinamismo del filosofar como figura unitaria articulada en tres instancias: (a) subjetividad-en-acción originaria; (b) pensamiento: analítica de la vida vivida e itinerario fenoménico-epistemológico suspendido mediante una epojé ontológica a la cuestión existencial; y (c) realización práctica: el pensar promueve la praxis, convirtiéndose en experiencia metafísica del ser y la verdad viviente

Problema fidelității traducerii textului narativ: reconceptualizarea evenimentelor de mișcare în cazul limbilor tipologic diferite. Cazul verbelor de mod exprimate prin onomatopee

Rezumat: Interesul cercetătorilor pentru verbele onomatopeice din limba română a scos în relief un număr surprinzător de mare de asemenea verbe (190), printre care 55 pot fi caracterizate drept verbe care specifică Modul mișcării (VmM). Numărul acestor verbe permite să aducem în discuție statutul limbii române din perspectiva cunoscutei dihotomii tipologice a lui Leonard Talmy, prin care româna, ca limbă romanică, ar aparține a priori tipului de limbi cu încadrare în verb a elementului Traseu (verb-framed languages, VFLs) și expulzarea elementului Mod, ca opusă tipului de limbi cu încadrare în satelit a Traseului (satellite-framed languages, SFLs) și includere în verb a Modului, cum este limba engleză. Deși acest grup de verbe în română nu este prea numeros și implică unele limitări legate de un anumit registru funcțional-stilistic, prezența lor demonstrează că limba română este susceptibilă la exprimarea Modului prin verbul de mișcare, fapt ce ne permite să pledăm în favoarea unei opoziții tipologice mai flexibile și a unei variabilități intra-tipologice în cazul fiecăruia din tipuri, prin utilizarea modelelor din tipul opus pe fundalul modelelor tipului dominant.

Conceptualizarea evenimentelor de mişcare cauzată în engleză şi română

Domeniul evenimentelor de mișcare suscită continuu interesul lingviștilor. Prezentul studiu se axează pe unul din tipurile de evenimente, și anume evenimentele de mișcare cauzată și pe modul în care mișcarea cauzată este conceptualizată în engleză şi română, două limbi tipologic diferite, în interpretarea lui L. Talmy, care definește Cauza și Modul drept elementele externe, secundare ale unui eveniment de mișcare. În evenimentele de mișcare cauzată, Agentul realizează o acțiune ce provoacă translocarea în spațiu a Figurii de-a lungul unui Traseu, de la Sursă spre Țintă. Diferențele tipologice dintre limbi la conceptualizarea mișcării cauzate pot genera dificultăți de traducere. În baza confruntării exemplelor din romanul «Stăpânul Inelelor» de J.R.R. Tolkien cu traducerea lor în limba română, se face o clasificare a evenimentelor de mișcare cauzată, ce permite constatarea atât a anumitor regularităţi comune în codificarea acestor evenimente (spre exemplu, tendința de a reda cu precădere Ținta în defavoarea Sursei), cât şi a diferenţelor dintre aceste limbi, care au impact asupra modului în care noi cartografiem și traducem evenimentele de mișcare cauzată dintr-o limbă în alta.