The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students.

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) is a broadly used instrument developed to measure empathy in the context of health professions education and patient care. Evidence in support of psychometrics of the JSE has been reported in health professions students and practitioners with the exception of osteopathic medical students. This study was designed to examine measurement properties, underlying components, and latent variable structure of the JSE in a nationwide sample of first-year matriculants at U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine, and to develop a national norm table for the assessment of JSE scores. A web-based survey was administered at the beginning of the 2017-2018 academic year which included the JSE, a scale to detect good impression responses, and demographic/background information. Usable surveys were received from 6009 students enrolled in 41 college campuses (median response rate = 92%). The JSE mean score and standard deviation for the sample were 116.54 and 10.85, respectively. Item-total score correlations were positive and statistically significant (p \u3c 0.01), and Cronbach α = 0.82. Significant gender differences were observed on the JSE scores in favor of women. Also, significant differences were found on item scores between top and bottom third scorers on the JSE. Three factors of Perspective Taking, Compassionate Care, and Walking in Patient\u27s Shoes emerged in an exploratory factor analysis by using half of the sample. Results of confirmatory factor analysis with another half of the sample confirmed the 3-factor model. We also developed a national norm table which is the first to assess students\u27 JSE scores against national data

Topics in Edge Regular Graphs

A graph, G, is edge-regular with parameters (n,d,lambda) if G is regular of degree d on n vertices and for all u, v in V(G) such that uv is in E(G), the order of the intersection of N(u) and N(v) is lambda, where N(v) denotes the open neighborhood of a vertex v in V(G). We explore the structure of edge-regular graphs with particular emphasis on the case lambda=1

Transrealidad. Arte como táctica relacional

Suggereixo comprendre la realitat com a trama, traduïda en imatges superposades al·ludint a universos personals. Busco establir vincles entre la idea de percepció i activitat cognitiva en l'exploració de les relacions entre creació de singularitat i visibilitat de la diversitat. Percebre és crear realitat i generar una identitat pròpia comprenent l'existència de les coses com una presa de postura al atorgar-valor. L'ambigüitat en la percepció, és una manera d'evidenciar la vida de cada persona com a creació d'un món. Imatges que posen en qüestió la literalitat del que narratiu en la creació d'una identitat singular com defensa de la diversitat. El respecte del que és diferent és una possible eina per a la cooperació, l'intercanvi i el creixement col lectiu.Sugiero comprender la realidad como trama, traducida en imágenes superpuestas aludiendo a universos personales. Busco establecer vínculos entre la idea de percepción y actividad cognitiva en la exploración de las relaciones entre creación de singularidad y visibilidad de la diversidad. Percibir es crear realidad y generar una identidad propia comprendiendo la existencia de las cosas como una toma de postura al otorgarles valor. La ambigüedad en la percepción, es una manera de evidenciar la vida de cada persona como creación de un mundo. Imágenes que ponen en cuestión la literalidad de lo narrativo en la creación de una identidad singular como defensa de lo diverso. El respeto de lo diferente es una posible herramienta para la cooperación, el intercambio y el crecimiento colectivo.I suggest to understand reality as a plot, translated in superimposed images alluding to personal universes. I seek to establish links between the idea of perception and cognitive activity in the exploration of the relations between creation of singularity and visibility of diversity. To perceive is to create reality and to generate an identity of its own, understanding the existence of things as taking a stand in giving them value. The ambiguity in perception is a way to highlight the life of each person as a creation of a world. Images that call into question the literalness of the narrative in the creation of a singular identity as a defense of the diverse Respect for the different is a possible tool for cooperation, exchange and collective growth

Propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de Expresión de Ira Estado – Rasgo (NA) en adolescentes del distrito de la Esperanza

La presente investigación de tipo tecnológico, tuvo como objetivo determinar las propiedades psicométricas del Inventario de expresión de ira estado-rasgo, en niños y adolescentes (STAXI NA) en su adaptación española (Del Barrio, Aluja y Spielberger, 2004), en una muestra heterogénea de 639 estudiantes de instituciones educativas estatales del distrito de la Esperanza, cuyas edades oscilan entre los 12 y 16 años de edad. Para realizar la investigación se utilizó la estadística descriptiva (medidas de dispersión y tendencia central), así mismo la estadística inferencial (validez de contenido, constructo y confiabilidad). Los resultados evidenciaron que la validez de constructo a través de la correlación ítem-test corregido arrojó índices con un adecuado grado de correlación en la totalidad de los ítems que superan el .20, criterio requerido como válido, cuyos valores oscilan entre .203 y .532. Así mismo, dentro de este aspecto se realizó el análisis factorial confirmatorio, comprobándose así el fundamento teórico de los autores, quienes sustentan que la escala posee sus factores. Por otro lado se realizó el análisis de la confiabilidad mediante el método de consistencia interna por Alfa de Cronbach, cuyos resultados demostraron que las escalas Ira Estado, Ira Rasgo, Expresión de la Ira y Control de la Ira obtuvieron valores alfa de .81, .76,.68 y .85 respectivamente, denotando un nivel de confiabilidad de Mínimo aceptable a Muy buena. Finalmente, se elaboraron normas de tipo percentilar según género

A conceptual review of Sustainable Development Goal 17: picturing politics, proximity and progress

We outline the discursive origins of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17, describing its ambiguous marching orders, which are further confused by shifting and contested stakeholder approaches. The widespread effect is to obscure the primary aim of making the tropics and other vulnerable countries more resilient, and also globally overcoming barriers to their development. We argue that ecological reflexivity, as developed and advanced by deliberative democracy and the Earth System Governance Project, belongs at the apex of those capacities needed for implementing the Agenda for Transformation. Ecological reflexivity conceptually grounds inclusive, open, critical, and consequential engagement of discourses situated among capable representatives, advocates, and citizens. SDG-related partnerships – whether designed around funding, technology, knowledge generation, or business innovation – are the locus in which this gets worked out. We advance this aim by proposing adjustment of the focal point using a Picturing framework that can enable both scholarly and practitioner approaches to SDG 17 to correct distortions and also materially ‘strengthen the means of implementation’. Using this framework, which entails Picturing politics, Picturing proximity to the poor, and Picturing progress, actors can shift attention to the accompanying discursive properties that affect implementation of the 2030 Agenda. Picturing is given concrete application through five case examples aligned to the research lenses of the Earth System Governance Research Framework. By drawing on studies spanning Barbados, Grenada, Bolivia, Ghana, Zambia, Peru, India and Fiji we demonstrate potential for the Picturing framework to provoke novel development pathways for a more sustainable future in the tropics

Poupança Individual de Aposentadoria : PIÁ

Este artigo apresenta o conceito da poupan\ue7a individual de aposentadoria \u2013 PI\uc1 \u2013 adaptado \ue0 realidade brasileira. Dentro de uma estrutura atuarial, a plataforma do Tesouro Direto \ue9 utilizada como fundamento para a implementa\ue7\ue3o de um sistema apto a proteger os valores dos participantes, evitando-se os hist\uf3ricos de m\ue1-gest\ue3o, corrup\ue7\ue3o, falta de transpar\ueancia ou altas taxas de administra\ue7\ue3o inerentes ao sistema de previd\ueancia privada brasileiro ou mundial. Outro aspecto \ue9 a isen\ue7\ue3o tribut\ue1ria, hoje existente para grandes investidores, que seria estendida para esta plataforma, estimulando a eleva\ue7\ue3o da taxa de poupan\ue7a nacional e diminuindo a depend\ueancia do pa\ueds do capital estrangeiro.This paper presents the concept of individual savings accounts for retirement adapted to the Brazilian reality. Using actuarial framework to corroborate the technical and scientific aspects of the idea, the platform of the \u201cTesouro Direto\u201d in Brazil is taken as the rationale to implement a system that can protect the monies of participants, avoiding the historic mismanagement, corruption, graft, lack of transparency or high fees that are related to the private pension system in Brazil and in the world. Another aspect is the existing tax exemption for large investors, which would be extended to this platform. This should foster the increase of the national savings rate and reduce the country's dependence on foreign capital

Recognising ecological reflexivity: an alternative approach to partnership capabilities for collaborative governance

Ecological reflexivity provides a key lever for the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) but is underexplored in one prominent context: collaborative governance particularly associated with SDG 17. Using an exploratory study and novel approach to Q methodology, we investigate capabilities needed for advancing collaborative governance and cross-sector partnering through an exploratory study. Rather than treating these capacities as universal standards or aims for collaboration between varied stakeholders, they were offered as options that actors may value and choose to advance (or not). Local sustainability-focused actors in North West England sorted capabilities as statements, which discursively reframe multi-stakeholder partnership (MSP) building blocks. The first analysis reveals three viewpoints that we name: The Convener, The Connector, and The Chair. The themes of communicative coordination, reflexivity, and power emerged in the three viewpoints, expressing distinct discourses. A separate, second analysis explores a viewpoint encompassing capabilities needed for ecological reflexivity. Our findings demonstrate possible barriers to some approaches valued in the MSP literature such as systems thinking. Finally, in our action research setting, it is possible that the methodology itself facilitated ecological reflexivity and offered entry points to enable agency in the context of SDG 17 and collaboration of diverse actors towards SDG implementation

Attitudes toward osteopathic medicine scale: development and psychometrics

Objective: To develop a valid and reliable instrument for measuring attitudes toward osteopathic medicine. Methods: Participants included 5,669 first-year students from 33 U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine, who completed an online survey at the beginning of the 2019-2020 academic year. Using data from the nationwide Project in Osteopathic Medical Education and Empathy, we developed a 13-item instrument: Attitudes Toward Osteopathic Medicine Scale (ATOMS) and demonstrated the validity and reliability of its scores. The social desirability response bias was controlled in statistical analyses. Results: The corrected item-total score correlations were all positive and statistically significant, and the effect sizes of item discrimination indices were large. Cronbach\u27s coefficient alpha reliability was 0.83. Construct validity, corroborating face and content validity of the ATOMS, was supported by three components, emerged from factor analysis: Perspectives on Osteopathic Medicine, Osteopathic Diagnosis and Treatment, and Holistic-Integrative Care. Correlations between ATOMS scores and scores of cognitive empathy, emotional empathy; orientation toward interprofessional collaboration; lifelong learning; and burnout were statistically significant in the expected direction, providing validity evidence for the ATOMS. Using the method of contrasted groups, significant differences in the ATOMS scores were found by gender, ethnicity, academic background, and career interest in the expected direction, supporting the validity of the ATOMS scores. National norms were developed to assess individual scores alongside national percentile ranks. Conclusions: The ATOMS, developed in a nationwide study, supported by strong psychometric evidence for measuring orientation toward osteopathic medicine, has implications for the assessment of osteopathic medical education, patient outcomes, and admission decisions

Pelletizing furnace refractory lining life cycle extension by applying thermography analysis and direct refractory injection.

The induration furnace is one of the most important devices in the pellet production system. It is responsible for ensuring the quality of pellets produced, since a high level of thermal energy is necessary to reach the physical properties needed. Therefore, the refractory lining performance is important to guarantee the quality of pellets and to avoid thermal losses. Minor failures in the refractory lining may result in serious damage, if it not previously identified and repaired. This article was written to explain a preventive technique to identify and repair such minor issues with the refractory lining before escalation. The use of this technique in the proper frequency may result in furnace life cycle extension

Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathogen Fusarium circinatum

[EN] Fusarium circinatum is a harmful pathogenic fungus mostly attacking Pinus species and also Pseudotsuga menziesii, causing cankers in trees of all ages, damping-off in seedlings, and mortality in cuttings and mother plants for clonal production. This fungus is listed as a quarantine pest in several parts of the world and the trade of potentially contaminated pine material such as cuttings, seedlings or seeds is restricted in order to prevent its spread to disease-free areas. Inspection of plant material often relies on DNA testing and several conventional or real-time PCR based tests targeting F. circinatum are available in the literature. In this work, an international collaborative study joined 23 partners to assess the transferability and the performance of nine molecular protocols, using a wide panel of DNA from 71 representative strains of F. circinatum and related Fusarium species. Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the nine protocols all reached values >80%, and the diagnostic specificity was the only parameter differing significantly between protocols. The rates of false positives and of false negatives were computed and only the false positive rates differed significantly, ranging from 3.0% to 17.3%. The difference between protocols for some of the performance values were mainly due to cross-reactions with DNA from non-target species, which were either not tested or documented in the original articles. Considering that participating laboratories were free to use their own reagents and equipment, this study demonstrated that the diagnostic protocols for F. circinatum were not easily transferable to end-users. More generally, our results suggest that the use of protocols using conventional or real-time PCR outside their initial development and validation conditions should require careful characterization of the performance data prior to use under modified conditions (i.e. reagents and equipment). Suggestions to improve the transfer are proposed.This work was supported by COST action FP1406 Pinestrength . The work of the Estonian team was supported by the Estonian Science Foundation grants PSG136 and IUT21-04. The work of Portuguese team from INIAV was financed by INIAV I.P. Institute. The work at U. Aveiro (Portugal) was financed by European Funds through COMPETE and National Funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) to CESAM (UID/AMB/50017/2013 POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-007638). The work of Slovenian team was financed through Slovenian Research Agency (P4-0107) and by the Slovenian Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food (Public Forestry Service). The British work was financially supported by the Forestry Commission, UK. The French work was financially supported by the French Agency for Food, environmental and occupational health safety (ANSES). The work in New Zealand was funded by Operational Research Programmes, Ministry for Primary Industries, New Zealand.Ioos, R.; Aloi, F.; Piskur, B.; Guinet, C.; Mullett, M.; Berbegal Martinez, M.; Bragança, H.... (2019). Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathogen Fusarium circinatum. Scientific Reports. 9:1-17. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44672-8S1179Schmale, D. G. III & Gordon, T. R. Variation in susceptibility to pitch canker disease, caused by Fusarium circinatum, in native stands of Pinus muricata. Plant Pathol. 52, 720–725 (2003).Gordon, T. R., Kirkpatrick, S. C., Aegerter, B. J., Wood, D. L. & Storer, A. J. 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