Development of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 19859 strains tolerant to copper and zinc

A study was carried out to develop strains of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 19859 tolerant to higher levels of heavy metal ions. Strains of T. ferrooxidans capable of growing in Cu2+ (30 g/L) and Zn2+ (60 g/L) have been obtained. The ability of strains tolerant to either copper or zinc to grow in medium containing both the metals has been examined. The copper-tolerant strain (25 g/L) grows better in the medium containing both metals (Cu2+ 25 g/L and Zn2+ 40 g/L) compared to the zinc-tolerant strain (40 g/L)

Soil Microbes are Shaped by Soil Physico-chemical Properties: A Brief Review of Existing Literature

Soil consists of very complex, inter-related community of microorganisms which interact with one another and with plants and animals, forming a complex web of biological activity. The microbes determine health and potential of soil to perform a multitude of ecosystem processes, which depend on the community composition and functioning. The microbial community structure and functions in soil are influenced by physico-chemical properties of soils. Abiotic controls like surrounding climate, environment, land use, nutrients, pH and rhizosphere control the composition of microbes in soil, which in turn modify soil properties. In this review, we investigate the existing body of research exploring studies which have explored how microbes are shaped by soil properties.</jats:p

Metabolism of carbaryl and carbofuran in soil planted to rice

In greenhouse experiments carbaryl and carbofuran disappeared more rapidly from a soil planted to rice than from an unplanted soil under both flooded and non-flooded (60% water-holding capacity) conditions. The rate of degradation was little affected by the moisture regime. The degradation of both carbamate insecticides proceeded essentially by hydrolysis. Further degradation of the hydrolysis products, 1-naphthol from carbaryl and 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-ol from carbofuran was slow in both planted and unplanted systems. A significant portion (20-38%) of the ring <SUP>14</SUP>C in carbaryl and carbofuran accumulated in the soil as the respective hydrolysis products + soil-bound residues. Evolution of <SUP>14</SUP>CO<SUB>2</SUB> from the <SUP>14</SUP>C (from both side chain and ring labels) in carbaryl and carbofuran was negligible even in soil planted to rice

Soil Microbes are Shaped by Soil Physico-chemical Properties: A Brief Review of Existing Literature

Soil consists of very complex, inter-related community of microorganisms which interact with one another and with plants and animals, forming a complex web of biological activity. The microbes determine health and potential of soil to perform a multitude of ecosystem processes, which depend on the community composition and functioning. The microbial community structure and functions in soil are influenced by physico-chemical properties of soils. Abiotic controls like surrounding climate, environment, land use, nutrients, pH and rhizosphere control the composition of microbes in soil, which in turn modify soil properties. In this review, we investigate the existing body of research exploring studies which have explored how microbes are shaped by soil properties

Survival of Microbial consortium in granular formulations, degradation and release of microorganisms in soil

The green revolution bought amazing consequences in food grain production but with insufficient concern for agriculture sustainability. Biofertilizers are gaining importance in sustaining agriculture. Various complementing combinations of microbial inoculants for management of major nutrients are necessary for agriculture sustainability. The present investigation was conducted to study the survivability of granular formulations containing Nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azotobacter chrococcum), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium) and plant growth promoting bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) in consortium prepared using different flour. Maximum survival of microbial consortium was observed in Soybean, followed by Soybean + Semolina and Rice inoculant formulations. Minimum survival of population was observed in Ragi + Semolina inoculant formulation. Wheat, wheat + semolina, soybean, soybean + semolina granular formulations have shown better degradation compared to other granular formulations both in presence and absence of tomato and finger millet (Eleusine coracana). Among different granular inoculant formulations, Maximum release was observed in soybean granular inoculant formulations in presence of tomato and Finger millet plant and in absence of plant and minimum release of microbial consortium was observed in ragi + semolina granular inoculant formulations during incubation in soil.</jats:p