Cultural capital of IT developers in Ukraine: exploratory case study

Article focuses on the analysis of approaches to studying cultural capital of IT developers. Exploratory case study refers to the IT developers’ activity and focuses the cultural capital (CC) of the Ukrainian IT sector. Theoretical foundation of the study is based on the cultural capital theory referring to the value of social relations and networks. Research results demonstrate that Ukrainian IT developers accumulate CC through education: individual, in family, at school and with peers. Cultural capital could be transformed into other forms of capital: economic and social ones

Structural Investigation of the Oligosaccharide Portion Isolated from the Lipooligosaccharide of the Permafrost Psychrophile Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4

Psychrophilic microorganisms have successfully colonized all permanently cold environments from the deep sea to mountain and polar regions. The ability of an organism to survive and grow in cryoenviroments depends on a number of adaptive strategies aimed at maintaining vital cellular functions at subzero temperatures, which include the structural modifications of the membrane. To understand the role of the membrane in the adaptation, it is necessary to characterize the cell-wall components, such as the lipopolysaccharides, that represent the major constituent of the outer membrane. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of the carbohydrate backbone of the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) isolated from the cold-adapted Psychrobacter arcticus 273-4. The strain, isolated from a 20,000-to-30,000-year-old continuously frozen permafrost in Siberia, was cultivated at 4 °C. The LOS was isolated from dry cells and analyzed by means of chemical methods. In particular, it was degraded either by mild acid hydrolysis or by hydrazinolysis and investigated in detail by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and by ESI FT-ICR mass spectrometry. The oligosaccharide was characterized by the substitution of the heptose residue, usually linked to Kdo in the inner core, with a glucose, and for the unusual presence of N-acetylmuramic acid

Structural characterization of core Region in Erwinia amylovora lipopolysaccharide.

Erwinia amylovora (E. amylovora) is the first bacterial plant pathogen described and demonstrated to cause fire blight, a devastating plant disease affecting a wide range of species including a wide variety of Rosaceae. In this study, we reported the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core structure from E. amylovora strain CFBP1430, the first one for an E. amylovora highly pathogenic strain. The chemical characterization was performed on the mutants waaL (lacking only the O-antigen LPS with a complete LPS-core), wabH and wabG (outer-LPS core mutants). The LPSs were isolated from dry cells and analyzed by means of chemical and spectroscopic methods. In particular, they were subjected to a mild acid hydrolysis and/or a hydrazinolysis and investigated in detail by one and two dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and ElectroSpray Ionization Fourier Transform-Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ESI FT-ICR) mass spectrometry

Virus i søtpotet i Etiopia : påvisning, karakterisering, rensing og forebygging

The initiative to improve sweet potato production and productivity in Ethiopia began in the 1980s and so far, there are 26 improved sweet potato varieties made available for farmers. Lack of a rigorous quarantine scheme during exchanges of sweet potato germplasm for improvements may have been the main routes for introduction of sweet potato viruses into Ethiopia. Subsequently, the viruses have been disseminated with high infection levels in the country as a result. Viral diseases has been stated as the main reason for the declining productivity of sweet potato in Ethiopia during the last two decades. In spite of this, there have been few efforts to document the damage it causes, little knowledge on farmers’ perception of the viruses, no efforts in generating high yielding varieties free from economically important viruses and no plan for such virus tested material for dissemination to end users. Furthermore, the tissue culture protocols to generate virus-free plant are often genotype specific and have not been optimized for a wider diversity of genotypes to use for virus elimination and further large-scale propagation. This PhD thesis was generated as a subproject under a NORHED project. It has been designed to increase production and productivity of sweet potato in Ethiopia by addressing five specific objectives. The first objective was to review and document previous research findings that have been conducted on virus detections and eliminations in Ethiopia and bring it to further attention (Paper I). Through literature review and personal communication, we found few virus surveys and sweet potato virus elimination trials undertaken in Ethiopia for the last two decades. We found that Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV), Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV), Sweet potato virus G (SPVG), Sweet potato virus II (SPV2) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have been identified through surveys and that little virus elimination methods have been applied in Ethiopia. We concluded that intervention and actions are needed, and this is recommended in this review. We hope that this review paper will facilitate further actions by the authorities, research centers and extension workers, together with the universities. The second objective was to investigate farmers’ perception of virus (es), virus transmission, insect pests and their management in order to improve prevention and eradication of the sources for infections in the future (Paper II). The majority of the farmers (64.7%) and a high proportion of the extension workers (41.2%) interviewed had low perception of sweet potato diseases caused by viral infection and its associated symptoms. A majority of the interviewed farmers know that insects feeds on sweet potato plants, but did not know if insects could transmit viruses from an infected plant to a healthy one. We conclude that neither the farmers nor extension workers have received adequate training related to sweet potato diseases and insect pest management. Training farmers and extension workers is highly advisable in order to enhance the management of virus diseases in Ethiopia. The third objective was to optimize a rapid multiplication method for various many genotypes through tissue culture, as this would facilitate rapid propagation of cleaned stock plants (Paper III). Here we looked at 1) concentrations and combinations of cytokinin (6-benzylamino purine (BAP) and auxin)) and auxin (Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)) for initiation of meristems of four high yielding sweet potato varieties, and 2) varying concentrations of BAP combined with Gibberellic acid (GA3) for better shoot multiplication from single nodal cuttings of five Ethiopian sweet potato high yielding varieties. Concentrations and combinations of NAA and BAP significantly affected the initiation of shoot from meristems and the weight of callus produced per culture (p< 0.05). Moreover, there was a significant genotype x environment interaction. The highest success rate on average over all genotypes was 54% and was obtained with 0.1 mg/L NAA combined with 1 mg/L BAP. The number and height of shoot obtained per nodal cuttings was also significantly affected by the concentrations of BAP, the varieties and the interaction (all at p< 0.05). The highest number of shoot per plants was obtained with ½ concentration Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium salts, supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP. This should be the first medium to try when new varieties are to be taken into tissue culture propagation. Paper IV has two objectives: 1) detect the viruses infecting five selected high yielding sweet potato varieties from Ethiopia and 2) compare the elimination efficiency of meristem culture alone or meristem cultures combined with thermotherapy. We applied the following virus detection methods: a) infection test using indicator plant, b) enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA), and c) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). This was combined with virus elimination treatments (meristem culture alone or thermotherapy combined meristem culture) for the chosen five varieties. We found that grafting shoot tips of symptomless test plants on an indicator plant (Ipomea setosa) facilitates an easy detection of SPFMV using ELISA. Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV) and Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) have been previously reported, and were also detected in this study. We further report of Sweet potato virus C (SPVC) for the first time in Ethiopia. Heat-treating donor plants before meristem culture is more efficient for virus elimination than meristem culture alone. This method generated the highest number of plants free from the virus. The efficiency of each of these methods varied with the cultivars tested. A clean stock of five sweet potato varieties have been obtained to be used as further multiplication and use of virus free planting materials. In the last paper (Paper V), we compared the efficiency of using reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) as a method to verify efficient elimination of viruses and detection of potential novel viruses in plants before and after virus elimination using VirusDetect software. NGS has confirmed the presences of SPFMV, SPVC and SPCSV previously detected in plants before virus elimination treatment by RT-PCR. Moreover, the NGS method detected some of the common viruses in some of plants before virus elimination where these viruses had not been detected using RT-PCR. In addition, NGS confirms the presence of three viruses in Genus badnaviruses all collectively belongs to species known as Sweet potato pakkakuy virus (SPPV) and Sweet potato symptomless mastrevirus-1 (SPSMV-1) previously unknown to be present in Ethiopia in most of plants before virus elimination treatment and in some of plants after the treatment. Therefore, the use of NGS in virus certification schemes is more reliable than RT-PCR and can be used in the developing country like Ethiopia in the future, as the cost is getting lower and lower.Det ble tatt flere initiativ på 1980-tallet for å forbedre søtpotetproduksjon og øke avlingene i Etiopia. Så langt har det fremkommet 26 forbedrete sorter av søtpotet, og som er tilgjengelig for bønder. Mangel på strenge karantenebestemmelser ved utveksling av nytt foredlingsmateriale av søtpotet kan være årsaken til spredning av virus på søtpotet i Etiopia. Som en følge av dette, har alle deler av landet som dyrker søtpotet høy grad av virusinfeksjoner. Virussykdommer har oppgitt som hovedårsaken til at avlingene har gått tilbake de siste tyve årene. Likevel, har det vært liten innsats for å dokumentere skadene, liten kunnskap om hvordan bøndene opplever situasjonen i forhold til virusinfeksjoner, ingen innsats for å rense høytytende sorter for virusinfeksjoner og heller ingen plan for å starte rensing med etterfølgende tilbud om virusrenset materiale til bøndene. I tillegg til dette, er de vevskulturoppskriftene som finnes kun utviklet for noen få genotyper, og de er oftest svært genotypespesifikke. Det finnes ingen medier som er brukbare for en større bredde av sorter og med god mulighet for påfølgende masseformering, slik at bøndene kan få tilgang til rensede sorter.Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) funded project ‘‘Controlling disease in sweet potato and enset in South Sudan and Ethiopia to improve productivity and livelihoods under changing climatic conditions using modern technologies’’ under the NORHED program, Agreement No ETH-13/0017, 2013-2019

PELATIHAN KETERAMPILAN DASAR MICROSOFT WORD KEPADA ANAK-ANAK YAYASAN PEDULI BANGSA BANTEN

Di era globalisasi ini, banyak sekali pekerjaan yang dalam penyelesaiannya harus menggunakan komputer salah satunya dengan software Microsoft Office, seperti halnya dalam surat-menyurat, membuat proposal, membuat presentasi atau pelatihan, dan masih banyak lagi. Kemampuan tersebut harus dimilki semua individu agar tidak tertinggal dalam kemajuan teknologi. Menyadari pentingnya kemampuan penguasaan program Microsoft Office, penulis bersama-sama ingin memperkenalkan dasar-dasar program Microsoft Word kepada anak-anak di Yayasan Peduli Bangsa Banten dengan tujuan agar mereka tidak tertinggal terlalu jauh ketika nanti mendapatkan tugas sekolah yang berhubungan dengan Microsoft Word ini, apalagi kami menyadari bahwa sekolah daring yang saat ini sedang diterapkan membuat kegiatan belajar anak-anak tidak maksimal tanpa adanya pengawasan guru

Detoxifying Escherichia coli for endotoxin-free production of recombinant proteins

Es va publicar un treball amb esmenes a aquest article que es pot consultar a https://ddd.uab.cat/record/185349 (DOI 10.1186/s12934-015-0265-x)Background: lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also referred to as endotoxin, is the major constituent of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of virtually all Gram-negative bacteria. The lipid A moiety, which anchors the LPS molecule to the outer membrane, acts as a potent agonist for Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 2-mediated pro-inflammatory activity in mammals and, thus, represents the endotoxic principle of LPS. Recombinant proteins, commonly manufactured in Escherichia coli, are generally contaminated with endotoxin. Removal of bacterial endotoxin from recombinant therapeutic proteins is a challenging and expensive process that has been necessary to ensure the safety of the final product. -Results: as an alternative strategy for common endotoxin removal methods, we have developed a series of E. coli strains that are able to grow and express recombinant proteins with the endotoxin precursor lipid IVA as the only LPS-related molecule in their outer membranes. Lipid IVA does not trigger an endotoxic response in humans typical of bacterial LPS chemotypes. Hence the engineered cells themselves, and the purified proteins expressed within these cells display extremely low endotoxin levels. - Conclusions: this paper describes the preparation and characterization of endotoxin-free E. coli strains, and demonstrates the direct production of recombinant proteins with negligible endotoxin contamination

Peran Production Asisstant dalam Program Good Morning di CNN Indonesia TV

Televisi merupakan salah satu sumber informasi normatif maupun sosial, bahkan merupakan sumber inspirasi tentang bagaimana masalah atau mengambil keputusan. Sebagai salah satu sumber informasi, televisi bisa dikatakan berpengaruh karena efektivitas penyebaran pesan atau informasinya, pesona akan gambar (audio visual) serta kemampuan komunikatif yang sempurna. Berbagai program informasi yang ada di televisi bertujuan untuk memberikan tambahan pengetahuan atau informasi kepada khayalak atau audience. Dengan berbagai tekanan untuk memberikan informasi yang baik melalui program-program yang ada di televisi, penulis merasa perlu melakukan praktik kerja magang di CNN Indonesia TV. Melalui kerja magang di CNN Indonesia TV, penulis berkeinginan untuk mengetahui peran production assisstant dalam sebuah program di media televisi. Selama praktik kerja magang di CNN Indonesia TV, penulis berperan sebagai Production Assistant di program Good Morning. Saat bekerja, penulis bertugas untuk membantu dan mempersiapkan sebuah produksi dimulai dari tahap pra produksi, produksi hingga pasca produksi. Dengan penempatan tersebut, penulis dapat terlibat langsung dalam proses produksi sebuah program berita yang telah dipelajari secara teori selama kuliah

Znaczenie cyfryzacji dla inkluzji finansowej na przykładzie Polski

The aim of the article is an identification of the financial preference of citizens in Poland in the context of the acting digitization of the monetary turnover. Decreasing the cash in circulation is an important goal of macroeconomic policy because it makes cash transfers more expensive. Lack of access to finance is often the critical mechanism for slower growth in the economy. Cash in circulation generates huge costs and supports the development of the shadow economy. The poor access to banking service can also to prevent part of society from ertjoying a basic standard of civilization. The main source of data used for the analysis was selected re&shy;search information conducted by the TNS Pentor, the National Bank of Poland and the Master&shy;Card, in 2007-2016