Representations and classification of traveling wave solutions to Sinh-G{\"o}rdon equation

Two concepts named atom solution and combinatory solution are defined. The classification of all single traveling wave atom solutions to Sinh-G{\"o}rdon equation is obtained, and qualitative properties of solutions are discussed. In particular, we point out that some qualitative properties derived intuitively from dynamic system method aren't true. In final, we prove that our solutions to Sinh-G{\"o}rdon equation include all solutions obtained in the paper[Fu Z T et al, Commu. in Theor. Phys.(Beijing) 2006 45 55]. Through an example, we show how to give some new identities on Jacobian elliptic functions.Comment: 12 pages. accepted by Communications in theoretical physics (Beijing

Crystallized merons and inverted merons in the condensation of spin-1 Bose gases with spin-orbit coupling

The non-equilibrium dynamics of a rapidly quenched spin-1 Bose gas with spin-orbit coupling is studied. By solving the stochastic projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we show that crystallization of merons can occur in a spinor condensate of ^{87}Rb. Analytic form and stability of the crystal structure are given. Likewise, inverted merons can be created in a spin-polarized spinor condensate of ^{23}Na. Our studies provide a chance to explore the fundamental properties of meron-like matter.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

The classification of traveling wave solutions and superposition of multi-solutions to Camassa-Holm equation with dispersion

Under the traveling wave transformation, Camassa-Holm equation with dispersion is reduced to an integrable ODE whose general solution can be obtained using the trick of one-parameter group. Furthermore combining complete discrimination system for polynomial, the classifications of all single traveling wave solutions to the Camassa-Holm equation with dispersion is obtained. In particular, an affine subspace structure in the set of the solutions of the reduced ODE is obtained. More general, an implicit linear structure in Camassa-Holm equation with dispersion is found. According to the linear structure, we obtain the superposition of multi-solutions to Camassa-Holm equation with dispersion

Rayleigh lidar observations of gravity wave activity in the upper stratosphere at Urbana, Ill.

During 13 nights of Rayleigh lidar measurements at Urbana, Ill. in 1984 to 1986, thirty-six quasi-monochromatic gravity waves were observed in the 35 to 50 km altitude region of the stratosphere. The characteristics of the waves are compared with other lidar and radar measurements of gravity waves and the theoretical models of wave saturation and dissipation phenomena. The measured vertical wavelengths ranged from 2 to 11.5 km and the measured vertical phase velocities ranged from 10 to 85 cm/s. The vertical wavelengths and vertical phase velocities were used to infer observed wave periods which ranged from 100 to 1000 min and horizontal wavelengths which ranged from 70 to 2000 km. Dominant wave activity was found at vertical wavelengths between 2 to 4 km and 7 to 10 km. No significant seasonal variations were evident in the observed parameters. Vertical and horizontal wavelengths showed a clear tendency to increase with wave periods, which is consistent with recent sodium lidar studies of quasi-monochromatic waves near the mesopause. An average amplitude growth length of 20.9 km for the rms wind perturbations was estimated from the data. Kinetic energy density associated with the waves decreased with height, suggesting that waves in this altitude region were subject to dissipation or saturation effects

Parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction from different approaches

Two-pion exchange parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interactions from recent effective field theories and earlier fully covariant approaches are investigated. The potentials are compared with the idea to obtain better insight on the role of low-energy constants appearing in the effective field theory approach and the convergence of this one in terms of a perturbative series. The results are illustrated by considering the longitudinal asymmetry of polarized protons scattering off protons, $\vec{p}+p -> p+p$, and the asymmetry of the photon emission in radiative capture of polarized neutrons by protons, $\vec{n}+p -> d+\gamma$.Comment: 31 page