EVALUACIÓN PRELIMINAR DE MACROINVERTEBRADOS Y CALIDAD DEL AGUA EN AFLUENTES DE LA RESERVA FORESTAL EL MONTOSO, TRES PUNTAS, HERRERA, PANAMÁ (2022–2023)

The occurrence of freshwater macroinvertebrates and water quality were evaluated in tributaries of the El Montoso Forest Reserve, located in the locality of Tres Puntas, Herrera Province, Panama. Sampling was conducted in November 2022 and March 2023 using D-frame nets, sieves, and manual collection techniques. A total of 28 families, 11 orders, and 3 classes were identified. The most representative orders were Megaloptera, Plecoptera, Coleoptera, and Trichoptera, with dominant families including Corydalidae (18.6%), Perlidae (17.9%), Polycentropodidae (8.7%), and Ptilodactylidae (8.0%). A higher occurrence of individuals was recorded during the dry season. The Shannon index indicated very high diversity (H' = 2.76), with higher values in the dry season than in the rainy season. The differences observed between seasons could be related to rainfall variation, which may indirectly affect habitat structure. During the rainy season, increased streamflow could cause physical disturbances that limit the persistence of certain organisms, whereas more stable conditions during the dry season may favor their establishment. The BMWP/PAN index yielded a value of 128, which, together with physicochemical parameters, indicates good water quality.Se evaluó la ocurrencia de macroinvertebrados dulceacuícolas y la calidad del agua en afluentes de la Reserva Forestal El Montoso, ubicada en la localidad de Tres Puntas, provincia de Herrera, Panamá. La recolección se llevó a cabo en noviembre de 2022 y marzo de 2023, mediante las técnicas de red Tipo D, coladera y recolección manual. Se identificaron 28 familias, 11 órdenes y 3 clases. Los órdenes Megaloptera, Plecoptera, Coleoptera y Trichoptera fueron los más representativos, con dominancia de las familias Corydalidae (18,6 %), Perlidae (17,9 %), Polycentropodidae (8,7 %) y Ptilodactylidae (8,0 %). La mayor ocurrencia de individuos se registró en la época seca. El índice de Shannon indicó una diversidad muy alta (H' = 2,76), con valores más altos en la estación seca que en la lluviosa. Las diferencias observadas entre épocas podrían estar relacionadas con variaciones en la pluviometría, que afectarían indirectamente la estructura del hábitat. Durante la estación lluviosa, el aumento del caudal podría generar alteraciones físicas que limiten la permanencia de ciertos organismos, mientras que en la seca, las condiciones más estables favorecerían su establecimiento. El índice BMWP/PAN obtuvo un valor de 128, lo que, junto con los parámetros fisicoquímicos, indica una buena calidad del agua

Análisis de la Percepción Comunitaria sobre la Sostenibilidad y Conservación en la Subcuenca del Río Zaratí, Provincia de Coclé, Panamá

The research on community perception in the Zaratí River sub-basin, which is part of the Rio Grande basin, is carried out in the province of Coclé, Panama, specifically in the community of Membrillo, its objective is to evaluate the sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystem conservation. A non-experimental and transversal methodology was used, with a descriptive design that included surveys of 100 artisans and tourist guides. The results show that 36% of respondents use soapstone to make crafts, followed by water (27%) and vegetation (23%), with a daily frequency of use of 71%. Furthermore, all participants consider the restoration of the ecosystem necessary, highlighting reforestation as the most important action. Regarding sustainable practices, organic agriculture and responsible management of soapstone extraction are suggested. 49% of those surveyed believe that a sustainable model could significantly improve their quality of life and 90% are willing to collaborate in restoration and sustainable development initiatives. The main needs identified to move towards this development include training and education (47%), financial resources (31%) and technical advice (18%). In conclusion, the study reveals a community aware of its dependence on natural resources and committed to their conservation. There is a collective desire to implement sustainable practices that improve both environmental and social conditions, underscoring the importance of community participation in environmental management.La investigación sobre la percepción comunitaria en la subcuenca del río Zaratí, que forma parte de la cuenca del río Grande, se lleva a cabo en la provincia de Coclé, Panamá, específicamente en la comunidad de Membrillo, tiene como objetivo evaluar el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales y la conservación del ecosistema. Se utilizó una metodología no experimental y transversal, con un diseño descriptivo que incluyó encuestas a 100 artesanos y guías turísticos. Los resultados muestran que el 36% de los encuestados utilizan piedra de jabón para hacer artesanías, seguido por agua (27%) y vegetación (23%), con una frecuencia diaria de uso del 71%. Además, todos los participantes consideran necesaria la restauración del ecosistema, destacando la reforestación como la acción más importante. En cuanto a las prácticas sostenibles, se sugieren la agricultura orgánica y un manejo responsable de la extracción de piedra de jabón. Un 49% de los encuestados cree que un modelo sostenible podría mejorar significativamente su calidad de vida y un 90% está dispuesto a colaborar en iniciativas de restauración y desarrollo sostenible. Las principales necesidades identificadas para avanzar hacia este desarrollo incluyen capacitación y educación (47%), recursos financieros (31%) y asesoría técnica (18%). En conclusión, el estudio revela una comunidad consciente de su dependencia de los recursos naturales y comprometida con su conservación. Existe un deseo colectivo por implementar prácticas sostenibles que mejoren tanto las condiciones ambientales como sociales, subrayando la importancia de la participación comunitaria en la gestión ambiental

Environmental challenges related to cyanidation in Central American gold mining; the remance mine (Panama)

Mine tailings are a potential source of environmental pollution because they typically contain potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and the residue of chemical compounds used during extraction processes. The Remance gold mine (NW Panama) is a decommissioned mine with mining activity records dating from the 1800s and several periods of abandonment. Very little remediation work has been performed, and waste is exposed to climatic conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the PTEs and cyanide contents in mine waste after mining operations ceased some 20 years ago, and to evaluate the degree of pollution and the environmental risks they pose with the use of the Pollution Load Index (PLI) and the Ecological Risk Index (RI). Although the total cyanide (T-CN) concentration (1.4–1.9 mg kg−1) found in most of the study area falls within the limits of gold mining tailing values for American sites (1.5–23 mg kg−1), it is worth noting that the values of the tailings of the last used mining operation exceed it (25.2–518 mg kg−1) and persist at the site. The PLI and RI suggest that the tailings from the mine and mine gallery sediments represent a source of pollution for soils and surrounding areas given their high content of PTEs (As, Cu, Sb, Hg) and T-CN, which pose serious ecological risks for biota. Therefore, it is necessary to draw up a remediation plan for this area

Compassionate Migration and Regional Policy in the Americas

Victor Romero contributed the chapter The Power of Exclusion: Congress, Courts, and the Plenary Power pages 21-32. From the publisher: This book explores the contested notion of compassionate migration in its discourse and practice. In the context of today\u27s migration patterns within the Americas, compassionate migration can play a fundamental role in responding to the hardships that many migrants suffer before, during, and after their journeys. This volume explores the boundaries of compassion from legal, political, philosophical, and interdisciplinary perspectives, and supplies examples where state and non-state actors engage in practices of compassion and humanity through formal and informal regimes. Despite the lack of a concise and precise definition of the concept and practice of compassionate migration, all authors in this volume agree on the pressing need for more humane and compassionate treatment for those leaving their home country behind in search of a better life.https://insight.dickinsonlaw.psu.edu/book_contributions/1011/thumbnail.jp

Compassionate Migration and Regional Policy in the Americas

Victor Romero contributed the chapter The Power of Exclusion: Congress, Courts, and the Plenary Power pages 21-32. From the publisher: This book explores the contested notion of compassionate migration in its discourse and practice. In the context of today\u27s migration patterns within the Americas, compassionate migration can play a fundamental role in responding to the hardships that many migrants suffer before, during, and after their journeys. This volume explores the boundaries of compassion from legal, political, philosophical, and interdisciplinary perspectives, and supplies examples where state and non-state actors engage in practices of compassion and humanity through formal and informal regimes. Despite the lack of a concise and precise definition of the concept and practice of compassionate migration, all authors in this volume agree on the pressing need for more humane and compassionate treatment for those leaving their home country behind in search of a better life.https://elibrary.law.psu.edu/book_contributions/1011/thumbnail.jp

Compassionate Migration and Regional Policy in the Americas

Victor Romero contributed the chapter The Power of Exclusion: Congress, Courts, and the Plenary Power pages 21-32. From the publisher: This book explores the contested notion of compassionate migration in its discourse and practice. In the context of today\u27s migration patterns within the Americas, compassionate migration can play a fundamental role in responding to the hardships that many migrants suffer before, during, and after their journeys. This volume explores the boundaries of compassion from legal, political, philosophical, and interdisciplinary perspectives, and supplies examples where state and non-state actors engage in practices of compassion and humanity through formal and informal regimes. Despite the lack of a concise and precise definition of the concept and practice of compassionate migration, all authors in this volume agree on the pressing need for more humane and compassionate treatment for those leaving their home country behind in search of a better life.https://insight.dickinsonlaw.psu.edu/book_contributions/1011/thumbnail.jp

Nasogastric feeding tube with distal tip in right pleural cavity

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