Analisis Pengaruh Biaya Input dan Tenaga Kerja terhadap Konversi Luas Lahan Karet Menjadi Lahan Kelapa Sawit ( Studi Kasus : Desa Kampung dalam, Kecamatan Bilah Hulu, Kabupaten Labuhan Batu )

Alih fungsi lahan atau lazimnya disebut konversi lahan adalah Perubahan fungsi sebagian atau seluruh lahan dari fungsinya semula menjadi fungsi lain. Alih fungsi lahan juga dapat diartikan sebagai Perubahan untuk penggunaan lain disebabkan oleh faktor bertambah dan meningkatnya permintaan akan mutu kehidupan yang lebih baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi konversi lahan karet menjadi lahan kelapa sawit. Metode penentuan sampel yang digunakan adalah Accidental Purposive Sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model Regresi Linier Berganda dengan estimasi menggunakan metode kuadrat terkecil (Ordinary Least Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya tenaga kerja karet dan biaya tenaga kerja kelapa sawit secara simultan dan parsial berpengaruh nyata terhadap konversi lahan karet menjadi lahan kelapa sawit di Desa Kampung Dalam Kecamatan Bilah Hulu Kabupaten Labuhan Batu, sedangkan biaya input karet dan biaya input kelapa sawit tidak berpengaruh nyata

Reaching the unreached: de-mystifying the role of ICT in the process of doctoral research

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become a necessary element of academic practice in higher education today. Under normal circumstances, PhD students from all disciplines have to use ICT in some form throughout the process of their research, including the preparation, fieldwork, analysis and writing phases of their studies. Nevertheless, there has been little research to date that explores PhD students’ first-hand experiences of using various ICT to support their research practices. This paper brings together the findings and the key points from a review of significant parts of the existing literature associated with the role played by ICT in the processes PhD students use in doctoral research. The review is based on 27 papers appearing in international peer-reviewed journals published from 2005 to 2014. The study seeks to address the under-researched area in the current literature of how ICT plays a role in the processes of doctoral research. While there are many contributions taking the ‘institutional’ or ‘teaching’ perspectives, papers focusing on ‘student’ perspective, or the viewpoint of engaging ICT in daily study routine, are relatively fewer. As far as research methodology is concerned, this review found that many of the papers that were examined were mostly based on perception data such as surveys or interviews, while actual practice data were rarely present. With their ready access to technologies, PhD students are well positioned to take advantage of a range of technologies in order to carry out their research efficiently (in terms of means to an end) and effectively (in terms of reaching goals within a task). This review reveals that in the literature, this important area is under-represented

Comparisons of the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Spence children’s anxiety scale - parent version in children with autism spectrum disorder and typically developing anxious children

The Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale - Parent version (SCAS-P) is often used to assess anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, little is known about the validity of the tool in this population. The aim of this study was to determine whether the SCAS-P has the same factorial validity in a sample of young people with ASD (n=285), compared to a sample of typically developing young people with anxiety disorders (n=224). Poor model fit with all of the six hypothesised models precluded invariance testing. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that different anxiety phenomenology characterises the two samples. The findings suggest that cross-group comparisons between ASD and anxious samples based on the SCAS-P scores may not always be appropriat

Identification of mechanical and sound absorption properties of porous concrete containing different amounts of palm oil clinker / Galip, N. S. ... [et al.]

Palm oil clinker (POC) is an industrial waste by-product of the palm oil industry that is usually dumped into landfills. This paper identified the mechanical and sound absorption properties of porous concrete (PC) when different amounts of porous POC aggregates were used. In addition, an ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) test was performed to explain the specimen porosity which affected the properties of concrete. POC with a size of 2.36 mm – 6.7 mm was used at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% as a substitute for river sand. Compressive strength, density, and UPV decreased as the percentage of POC increased. Replacement of 100% POC reduced the strength by 62%, density by 30%, and UPV by 16% as compared to without POC. A reduction in the UPV value indicated an increase in the porosity of concrete due to the macropores in POC aggregates. The highest improvement of 673% in average sound absorption coefficient for 100% POC as compared to PC which used sand at 250 Hz – 1250 Hz for 75 mm specimen thickness. Compressive strength data showed that specimens with 100% POC exceeded the minimum limit for a PC barrier layer. Therefore, 100% POC with 75 mm thickness had the potential to be applied as a barrier component

Towards the Development of an Empirical Model for Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from the Middle East

Academic research suggests that variances in contextual dynamics, and more specifically religion, may lead to disparate perceptions and practices of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Driven by the increased geopolitical and economic importance of the Middle East and identified gaps in knowledge, the study aims to examine if indeed there is a divergent form of CSR exercised in the region. The study identifies unique CSR dimensions and constructs presented through an empirical framework in order to outline the practice and perception of CSR in a context with strong Islamic beliefs. The framework goes beyond the platform of mere Islamic philanthropy and is based on CSR-stakeholder management practices. Following an exploratory research design and collecting interview data from representatives of 63 organisations from Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates and Oman, the study offers a snapshot of the CSR reality from the perspective of those living the phenomenon. The results suggest that the practice and perception of CSR in the examined context are largely grounded in the areas of social and altruistic actions but they cannot be examined in isolation from the religious context of CSR operation. This focus is mainly attributed to the dominant role of Islam in the examined sample, which leads to forms of non-structured or semi-structured approaches to CSR. Apart from the theoretical advancements offered to the CSR literature, the study also provides contributions for practitioners and policy makers.</p

Modelling Temperature Using CARMA Processes with Stochastic Speed of Mean Reversion for Temperature Insurance Pricing

In this paper, we present a continuous time autoregressive moving average (CARMA) model with stochastic speed of mean reversion. This model allows the mean reversion rates to behave stochastically and governed by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. We provide closed-form solution to the CARMA with stochastic speed of mean reversion and formulate the price of temperature insurance using spot-forward relationship framework. We demonstrate the insurance pricing based on the cumulative average temperatures (CAT) index by simulating the temperature variations. We found that our proposed model may explain the temperature evolution well and the price of CAT-based index insurance looks reasonable.</jats:p

Suitability Index and Supporting Capacity of Mangrove Ecotourism in Darunu Mangrove Park Wori District North Minahasa Regency

The purpose of the study was to determine the type of mangrove, mangrove density, mangrove thickness, tides, associated biota objects, tourism suitability index, and carrying capacity of the Darunu mangrove tourism area.  The research period is October-December 2023.  The research methods used are cruising survey for mangrove species, line transect for mangrove density, remote sensing for mangrove thickness, and visualization for associated biota objects.  Data analysis for the tourism suitability index (IKW) and area carrying capacity (DDK) is guided by the provisions of Yulianda (2019).  The IKW value is 2.0 with the appropriate category and the DDK value is 25 people per day.  The size of the DDK value of the mangrove tourism area depends on two main factors, namely the length of tracking and the length of operating time.  The greater the value of tracking length and the length of operating time, the greater the DDK value, conversely the smaller the value of tracking length and the length of operating time, the smaller the DDK value.  As a recommendation to the village government to be able to extend the tracking distance by utilizing the mangrove spaces that are still available, in addition to the tourist period can be extended with adequate facilities such as electricity, lighting, etc. so that the value of DDK can still be achieved as much as possible to increase the economic income of the village community while still paying attention to environmental sustainability.  Furthermore, community participation to preserve this mangrove forest area is needed for the sustainability of ecotourism-based mangrove tourism at Darunu Mangrove Park. Keywords: Area carrying capacity, Darunu Mangrove Park, Ecotourism, Mangrove, Tourism suitability index. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui jenis mangrove, kerapatan mangrove, ketebalan mangrove, pasang surut air laut, objek biota asosiasi, indeks kesesuaian wisata dan daya dukung kawasan wisata Darunu Mangrove Park.  Periode penelitian yaitu Oktober-Desember 2023.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu survey jelajah untuk jenis mangrove, transek garis untuk kerapatan mangrove, penginderaan jauh untuk ketebalan mangrove, visualisasi untuk objek biota asosiasi.  Analisis data untuk indeks kesesuaian wisata (IKW) dan daya dukung kawasan (DDK) berpedoman pada ketentuan dari Yulianda (2019).  Nilai IKW sebesar 2,0 dengan kategori sesuai dan nilai DDK sebanyak 25 orang per hari.  Besar kecilnya nilai DDK kawasan wisata mangrove tergantung pada dua faktor utama, yaitu panjang tracking dan lamanya waktu operasi. Semakin besar nilai panjang tracking dan lamanya waktu operasi, maka semakin besar pula nilai DDK tersebut, sebaliknya semakin kecil nilai panjang tracking dan lamanya waktu operasi maka semakin kecil nilai DDK tersebut.  Sebagai rekomendasi kepada pemerintah desa untuk dapat memperpanjang jarak tracking dengan memanfaatkan ruang-ruang mangrove yang masih tersedia, disamping itu periode waktu wisata dapat diperpanjang dengan dilengkapi fasilitas yang memadai seperti listrik, penerangan, dan lain-lain, agar nilai DDK masih dapat dicapai semaksimal mungkin dalam rangka peningkatan pendapatan ekonomi masyarakat desa dengan tetap memperhatikan kelestarian lingkungannya. Selanjutnya peran serta masyarakat untuk menjaga kelestarian kawasan hutan mangrove ini sangat dibutuhkan demi keberlanjutan wisata mangrove berbasis ekowisata di Darunu Mangrove Park. Kata kunci: Daya dukung kawasan, Darunu Mangrove Park, Ekowisata, Indeks kesesuaian wisata, Mangrove