Peningkatan Keterampilan Menulis Surat Resmi dengan Menggunakan Strategi Menyusun Kartu(card Sort)

Penelitian tindakan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi pembelajaran surat resmi dengan strategi menyusun kartu (card sort) pada Siswa Kelas VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Menjalin Tahun 2011/2012. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif, bentuk penelitiannya adalah kualitatif dan jenis penelitiannya adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi langsung dan teknik pengukuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa strategi menyusun kartu (Card sort) berhasil meningkatkan kemampuan siswa menulis surat resmi. Pada siklus 1 diperoleh rata-rata 66,70 dengan ketuntasan belajar 30%, dapat digolongkan masih rendah, pada siklus 2 meningkat dengan rata-rata 70,85 dengan ketuntasan belajar 55% masih terdapat siswa yang belum tuntas maka perlu peningkatan dan pada siklus 3 dapat dicapai rata-rata 73,17 dan ketuntasan belajar 85% dikatakan pembelajaran sudah berhasil sesuai dengan tujuan yang diharapkan. Kata Kunci: Kemampuan, Menulis Surat, Strategi Card Sort. Abstrac : This action research aims to describe the planning, implementation and evaluation of learning preparing a formal letter with the strategy card (card sort) in Class VIII B SMP Negeri 1 Establish Year 2011/2012. The method used is descriptive, qualitative research is the shape and type of research is classroom action research. This study using the technique of direct observation and measurement techniques. The results showed that the strategy set the cards (Card sort) managed to improve the ability of students to write a formal letter. In cycle 1 gained an average of 66.70 with a passing grade of 30%, can be classified is still low, at 2 cycles increased by an average of 70.85 with 55% mastery learning there are students who have not completed the necessary improvements and cycle 3 achieved an average 73.17 and completeness study 85% said learning has managed in accordance with the expected goals

SIFAT AMILOGRAFI PASTA PATI SUKUN TERMODIFIKASI MENGGUNAKAN SODIUM TRIPOLIFOSFAT

Breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) could be used as  food  subtitute which currently is quite popular . Breadfruit is generally consumed as snack food  in the form of boiled or fried chips. One effort to widen utilization of breadfruit as a source of food, it can be processed into natural starch as well as modified starch. The objective of this research was to observe the pasting properties of the modified breadfruit starch treated withd fifferent concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate The experiment consisted of four levels of STPP concentrations : control, 1%, 3% and 5% starch (db).  All tsamples were replicated three times Keywords: breadfruit, sodium tripolyphosphate, pasting properties

Social Media and Small Entrepreneurial Firms’ Internationalization

AbstractSmall entrepreneurial firms often need to be quite creative when allocating and deploying their limited resources. Especially in grasping international opportunities, social media provides a seemingly affordable and far-reaching medium. However, challenges—such as the controllability of the content and the outcomes of using social media—become apparent as the reach of social media marketing expands beyond certain threshold limits. In this study, we rely on data from multiple case studies to evaluate to what extent and under which conditions social media can support small entrepreneurial firms’ international expansion. Thereby, we contribute to research on SME internationalization and business implications of digitalization. Our findings indicate that small entrepreneurial firms face somewhat different social media–related challenges in the international business environment compared to domestic settings. The controllability of the contents comes with new tones. Furthermore, small firms’ resources, both in terms of social media use and in different functions, play an important role in determining the extent to which the use of social media supports these firms’ internationalization.Abstract Small entrepreneurial firms often need to be quite creative when allocating and deploying their limited resources. Especially in grasping international opportunities, social media provides a seemingly affordable and far-reaching medium. However, challenges—such as the controllability of the content and the outcomes of using social media—become apparent as the reach of social media marketing expands beyond certain threshold limits. In this study, we rely on data from multiple case studies to evaluate to what extent and under which conditions social media can support small entrepreneurial firms’ international expansion. Thereby, we contribute to research on SME internationalization and business implications of digitalization. Our findings indicate that small entrepreneurial firms face somewhat different social media–related challenges in the international business environment compared to domestic settings. The controllability of the contents comes with new tones. Furthermore, small firms’ resources, both in terms of social media use and in different functions, play an important role in determining the extent to which the use of social media supports these firms’ internationalization

The Atypical Calpains: Evolutionary Analyses and Roles in Caenorhabditis elegans Cellular Degeneration

The calpains are physiologically important Ca2+-activated regulatory proteases, which are divided into typical or atypical sub-families based on constituent domains. Both sub-families are present in mammals, but our understanding of calpain function is based primarily on typical sub-family members. Here, we take advantage of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, which expresses only atypical calpains, to extend our knowledge of the phylogenetic evolution and function of calpains. We provide evidence that a typical human calpain protein with a penta EF hand, detected using custom profile hidden Markov models, is conserved in ancient metazoans and a divergent clade. These analyses also provide evidence for the lineage-specific loss of typical calpain genes in C. elegans and Ciona, and they reveal that many calpain-like genes lack an intact catalytic triad. Given the association between the dysregulation of typical calpains and human degenerative pathologies, we explored the phenotypes, expression profiles, and consequences of inappropriate reduction or activation of C. elegans atypical calpains. These studies show that the atypical calpain gene, clp-1, contributes to muscle degeneration and reveal that clp-1 activity is sensitive to genetic manipulation of [Ca2+]i. We show that CLP-1 localizes to sarcomeric sub-structures, but is excluded from dense bodies (Z-disks). We find that the muscle degeneration observed in a C. elegans model of dystrophin-based muscular dystrophy can be suppressed by clp-1 inactivation and that nemadipine-A inhibition of the EGL-19 calcium channel reveals that Ca2+ dysfunction underlies the C. elegans MyoD model of myopathy. Taken together, our analyses highlight the roles of calcium dysregulation and CLP-1 in muscle myopathies and suggest that the atypical calpains could retain conserved roles in myofilament turnover