Pituitary adenomas : immunohistochemical study of 167 cases

Foram analisados 167 casos de adenomas da hipófise pelo método imuno-histo-¬ químico utilizando o Complexo da Avidina Biotina (ABC) descrito por Hsu e col. (1981). Foram usados 6 anti-hormônios hipofisários: anti-prolactina (aPRL), na diluição de 1:1.500, anti-hormônio do crescimento (aHGH), na diluição de 1:4.000, anti-hormônio adrenocortico-¬ trófico (aACTH), na diluição de 1:3.000, anti-hormônio tireotrófico (aTSH), na diluição de 1:3.000, anti-hormônio luteinizante (aLH), na diluição de 1:1.000, anti-hormônio folículo estimulante (aFSH), na diluição de 1:300. O período de incubação foi de 14 a 16 horas a 4oC. Foi realizada também a coloração pelo Orange G-PAS. O levantamento dos dados clínicos, laboratoriais, e radiológicos dos casos de adenomas da hipófise foi realizado após a leitura das lâminas pelo método imuno-histoquímico. Dos 167 casos de adenomas da hipófise, 136 (81,4%) mostraram imuno-reação positiva a um ou mais anti-hormônios, variando o índice de positividade entre 1 e 90% das células neoplásicas. A imuno-reação foi positiva exclusivamente a um anti-hormônio em 80 casos (58,8%) e para dois ou mais anti-hormônios nos 56 casos restantes (41,2%), sendo a associação mais freqüentemente encontrada aquela em aue a positividade ocorreu para o a P R L e o aHGH. A positividade à reação imuno-his-¬ toquímica distribuiu-se da seguinte forma: 100 casos foram positivos para o aPRL, em 49 pacientes de forma isolada; 65 casos foram positivos para o aHGH, em 22 pacientes de forma isolada; 31 casos foram positivos para o aACTH, em 8 pacientes de forma isolada; 5 casos foram positivos ao aTSH, em um paciente de forma isolada; um paciente apresentou adenoma positivo ao aLH; um caso foi positivo ao aFSHOne hundred and sixty seven cases of pituitary adenoma were analysed using the immunocytochemical method of the Avidin-Biotin Complex (ABC), described by Hsu et al. (1981). Six pituitary anti-hormones were utilized: anti-prolactin (aPRL») at a 1:1,500 dilution; anti-growth hormone (aHGH) at a 1:4,000 dilution; anti-adrenocorticotro-¬ phic hormone (aACTH) at a 1:3,000 dilution; anti-thyrothrophic hormone (aTSH) at a 1:3,000 dilution; anti-luteinizing hormone (aLH) at a 1:1,000 dilution; and a anti_follicle-¬ -stimulating hormone (aFSH) at a 1:300 dilution. Incubation period was 14 to 16 hours at 4°C. The survey of clinical, laboratory and radiological data of cases of pituitary adenomas was performed (after reading- the stained slides using the immunocytochemical method. Of the 167 cases of pituitary adenomas, 136 (81,4%) disclosed a positive immuno-¬ reaction to one or more anti-hormones, and the positivity index of neoplastic cells varied from 1 to 90%. The immunoreaction was positive exclusively to one anti-hormone in 80 cases (58,8%) and to two or more anti-hormones in 56 cases, and the association most frequently found was between both aPRL and aHGH. The positivity to the immunoreaction was distributed as follows; — 100 cases were positive por aPRL, exclusively in 49 cases; — 65 cases were positive for aHGH, exclusively in 22 cases; —• 31 cases were positive for aACTH, exclusively in 8 cases; — 5 cases were positive for aTSH, exclusively in one case; — one patient presented an adenoma positive to aLH and another patient to aFSH

Pituitary adenomas : immunohistochemical study of 167 cases

Foram analisados 167 casos de adenomas da hipófise pelo método imuno-histo-¬ químico utilizando o Complexo da Avidina Biotina (ABC) descrito por Hsu e col. (1981). Foram usados 6 anti-hormônios hipofisários: anti-prolactina (aPRL), na diluição de 1:1.500, anti-hormônio do crescimento (aHGH), na diluição de 1:4.000, anti-hormônio adrenocortico-¬ trófico (aACTH), na diluição de 1:3.000, anti-hormônio tireotrófico (aTSH), na diluição de 1:3.000, anti-hormônio luteinizante (aLH), na diluição de 1:1.000, anti-hormônio folículo estimulante (aFSH), na diluição de 1:300. O período de incubação foi de 14 a 16 horas a 4oC. Foi realizada também a coloração pelo Orange G-PAS. O levantamento dos dados clínicos, laboratoriais, e radiológicos dos casos de adenomas da hipófise foi realizado após a leitura das lâminas pelo método imuno-histoquímico. Dos 167 casos de adenomas da hipófise, 136 (81,4%) mostraram imuno-reação positiva a um ou mais anti-hormônios, variando o índice de positividade entre 1 e 90% das células neoplásicas. A imuno-reação foi positiva exclusivamente a um anti-hormônio em 80 casos (58,8%) e para dois ou mais anti-hormônios nos 56 casos restantes (41,2%), sendo a associação mais freqüentemente encontrada aquela em aue a positividade ocorreu para o a P R L e o aHGH. A positividade à reação imuno-his-¬ toquímica distribuiu-se da seguinte forma: 100 casos foram positivos para o aPRL, em 49 pacientes de forma isolada; 65 casos foram positivos para o aHGH, em 22 pacientes de forma isolada; 31 casos foram positivos para o aACTH, em 8 pacientes de forma isolada; 5 casos foram positivos ao aTSH, em um paciente de forma isolada; um paciente apresentou adenoma positivo ao aLH; um caso foi positivo ao aFSHOne hundred and sixty seven cases of pituitary adenoma were analysed using the immunocytochemical method of the Avidin-Biotin Complex (ABC), described by Hsu et al. (1981). Six pituitary anti-hormones were utilized: anti-prolactin (aPRL») at a 1:1,500 dilution; anti-growth hormone (aHGH) at a 1:4,000 dilution; anti-adrenocorticotro-¬ phic hormone (aACTH) at a 1:3,000 dilution; anti-thyrothrophic hormone (aTSH) at a 1:3,000 dilution; anti-luteinizing hormone (aLH) at a 1:1,000 dilution; and a anti_follicle-¬ -stimulating hormone (aFSH) at a 1:300 dilution. Incubation period was 14 to 16 hours at 4°C. The survey of clinical, laboratory and radiological data of cases of pituitary adenomas was performed (after reading- the stained slides using the immunocytochemical method. Of the 167 cases of pituitary adenomas, 136 (81,4%) disclosed a positive immuno-¬ reaction to one or more anti-hormones, and the positivity index of neoplastic cells varied from 1 to 90%. The immunoreaction was positive exclusively to one anti-hormone in 80 cases (58,8%) and to two or more anti-hormones in 56 cases, and the association most frequently found was between both aPRL and aHGH. The positivity to the immunoreaction was distributed as follows; — 100 cases were positive por aPRL, exclusively in 49 cases; — 65 cases were positive for aHGH, exclusively in 22 cases; —• 31 cases were positive for aACTH, exclusively in 8 cases; — 5 cases were positive for aTSH, exclusively in one case; — one patient presented an adenoma positive to aLH and another patient to aFSH

Lessons learned after one year of COVID-19 from a urologist and radiotherapist view: A German survey on prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.

INTRODUCTION: Since the beginning of the pandemic in 2020, COVID-19 has changed the medical landscape. International recommendations for localized prostate cancer (PCa) include deferred treatment and adjusted therapeutic routines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To longitudinally evaluate changes in PCa treatment strategies in urological and radiotherapy departments in Germany, a link to a survey was sent to 134 institutions covering two representative baseline weeks prior to the pandemic and 13 weeks from March 2020 to February 2021. The questionnaire captured the numbers of radical prostatectomies, prostate biopsies and case numbers for conventional and hypofractionation radiotherapy. The results were evaluated using descriptive analyses. RESULTS: A total of 35% of the questionnaires were completed. PCa therapy increased by 6% in 2020 compared to 2019. At baseline, a total of 69 radiotherapy series and 164 radical prostatectomies (RPs) were documented. The decrease to 60% during the first wave of COVID-19 particularly affected low-risk PCa. The recovery throughout the summer months was followed by a renewed reduction to 58% at the end of 2020. After a gradual decline to 61% until July 2020, the number of prostate biopsies remained stable (89% to 98%) during the second wave. The use of RP fluctuated after an initial decrease without apparent prioritization of risk groups. Conventional fractionation was used in 66% of patients, followed by moderate hypofractionation (30%) and ultrahypofractionation (4%). One limitation was a potential selection bias of the selected weeks and the low response rate. CONCLUSION: While the diagnosis and therapy of PCa were affected in both waves of the pandemic, the interim increase between the peaks led to a higher total number of patients in 2020 than in 2019. Recommendations regarding prioritization and fractionation routines were implemented heterogeneously, leaving unexplored potential for future pandemic challenges