Antibiose e não preferência para oviposição de Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biótipo B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) por cultivares de Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

The objective of this study was to identify cowpea cultivars resistant to B. tabaci biotype B and the respective resistance types involved. The experiments were conducted in a greenhouse at the Departamento de Fitossanidade da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil, from November 2009 to April 2010. Tests for non-preference for oviposition and antibiosis were performed. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks for the choice test and completely randomized for the no-choice tests and the antibiosis test. It was concluded that the BRS Urubuquara, IPA-206 and BR17 Gurgueia cultivars present non-preference for whitefly oviposition resistance; the BRS Urubuquara cultivar presents non-preference and antibiosis resistance; the Sempre Verde cultivate is susceptible to oviposition; and the whitefly prefers to deposit eggs on the leaves' abaxial face in the upper position of the plant.O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar cultivares de caupi resistentes a B. tabaci biótipo B e os respectivos tipos de resistência envolvidos. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação no Departamento de Fitossanidade da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/Campus de Jaboticabal, SP, no período de novembro de 2009 a abril de 2010. Realizaram-se testes de não preferência para oviposição e antibiose. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados para o teste com chance de escolha e inteiramente casualizado para os testes sem chance de escolha e teste de antibiose. Conclui-se que os cultivares BRS Urubuquara, IPA-206 e BR17 Gurgueia apresentaram resistência do tipo não preferência para oviposição da mosca-branca; a cultivar BRS Urubuquara apresenta resistência de tipo antibiose; a cultivar Sempre Verde é suscetível; e, mosca-branca prefere ovipositar na posição superior das plantas.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Estadual Paulista, Laboratório de Resistência de PlantasUniversidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de FitossanidadeUniversidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal e Fitossanidad

Body mass index and complications following major gastrointestinal surgery: A prospective, international cohort study and meta-analysis

Aim Previous studies reported conflicting evidence on the effects of obesity on outcomes after gastrointestinal surgery. The aims of this study were to explore the relationship of obesity with major postoperative complications in an international cohort and to present a metaanalysis of all available prospective data. Methods This prospective, multicentre study included adults undergoing both elective and emergency gastrointestinal resection, reversal of stoma or formation of stoma. The primary end-point was 30-day major complications (Clavien–Dindo Grades III–V). A systematic search was undertaken for studies assessing the relationship between obesity and major complications after gastrointestinal surgery. Individual patient meta-analysis was used to analyse pooled results. Results This study included 2519 patients across 127 centres, of whom 560 (22.2%) were obese. Unadjusted major complication rates were lower in obese vs normal weight patients (13.0% vs 16.2%, respectively), but this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.863) on multivariate analysis for patients having surgery for either malignant or benign conditions. Individual patient meta-analysis demonstrated that obese patients undergoing surgery formalignancy were at increased risk of major complications (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.49–2.96, P < 0.001), whereas obese patients undergoing surgery for benign indications were at decreased risk (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46–0.75, P < 0.001) compared to normal weight patients. Conclusions In our international data, obesity was not found to be associated with major complications following gastrointestinal surgery. Meta-analysis of available prospective data made a novel finding of obesity being associated with different outcomes depending on whether patients were undergoing surgery for benign or malignant disease

Body mass index and complications following major gastrointestinal surgery: a prospective, international cohort study and meta-analysis

Aim: Previous studies reported conflicting evidence on the effects of obesity on outcomes after gastrointestinal surgery. The aims of this study were to explore the relationship of obesity with major postoperative complications in an international cohort and to present a meta-analysis of all available prospective data. Methods: This prospective, multicentre study included adults undergoing both elective and emergency gastrointestinal resection, reversal of stoma or formation of stoma. The primary end-point was 30-day major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grades III-V). A systematic search was undertaken for studies assessing the relationship between obesity and major complications after gastrointestinal surgery. Individual patient meta-analysis was used to analyse pooled results. Results: This study included 2519 patients across 127 centres, of whom 560 (22.2%) were obese. Unadjusted major complication rates were lower in obese vs normal weight patients (13.0% vs 16.2%, respectively), but this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.863) on multivariate analysis for patients having surgery for either malignant or benign conditions. Individual patient meta-analysis demonstrated that obese patients undergoing surgery for malignancy were at increased risk of major complications (OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.49-2.96, P < 0.001), whereas obese patients undergoing surgery for benign indications were at decreased risk (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.75, P < 0.001) compared to normal weight patients. Conclusions: In our international data, obesity was not found to be associated with major complications following gastrointestinal surgery. Meta-analysis of available prospective data made a novel finding of obesity being associated with different outcomes depending on whether patients were undergoing surgery for benign or malignant disease