The Creation of State-Level Regulatory Systems: A Case Study of Post-Prohibition Alcoholic Beverage Regulation

To better understand the way in which local and national forces operate to influence the design of subnational regulatory systems, this paper analyzes the development of alcohol regulation in the post-prohibition era. In particular, I examine why, in the period between 1933 and 1935, some states adopted a monopoly system of alcohol regulation and others a license system of alcohol regulation. I use fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and case-based research to identify causal pathways leading to each regulatory outcome. I draw on state-level demographic, religious, and voting data, as well as measures of alcohol industry prevalence and prohibition enforcement to test hypotheses of alcohol regulatory origin and variation. My study shows that while the emergence of two universally adopted models of alcohol regulation was largely the design of capitalist elites, state-level variation reflected individual population and government preferences. I find the following conditions to be among those relevant to a state’s choice of framework: Canadian heritage population, conservative religious population, immigrant population, and popular as well as government attitudes toward national prohibition. My analysis points more broadly to a hegemonic relationship between elite generated priorities and agendas at the national-level and (limited) pluralist based legislative processes at the local-level

THE IMPLICATIONS OF GROSS FIXED CAPITAL AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE GENERAL GOVERNMENT DEFICIT. EMPIRICAL STUDY AT THE EUROPEAN LEVEL

In this paper we evaluate the influence of the modification of public investment level and unemployment rate on the general government deficit at the European Union level. We create a regression model that shows that a sustained and increased investment policy and the reduction of unemployment rate have a favorable effect on the objective of minimizing the budget deficit. In the last years European Union’s countries had to face a difficult problem concerning fiscal policy. They have to make public investments to stimulate economic growth and in the same time they have to meet the convergence criteria’s of public deficit. On the other hand, EU has to deal with a higher rate of unemployment. Through our model we try to see how European Union countries should implement their political strategies on unemployment and investment with the main objective of reducing the general government deficit.general government deficit, gross fixed capital, unemployment rate, correlation, regression

El dictado en el aula de Primaria

Treball Final de Grau en Mestre o Mestra d'Educació Primària. Codi: MP1040. Curs acadèmic: 2018/2019El presente trabajo contará mi experiencia con la metodología conocida como dictado, en el aula de primaria, concretamente en el curso de primero. El dictado es una herramienta didáctica que normalmente se utiliza tanto en niños como en adultos. La finalidad de éste, es valorar nuestros conocimientos ya sean gramaticales; ortográficos o de compresión auditiva. El dictado ha sido considerado muchas veces un método “clásico” o “convencional” y criticado por diferentes profesores que no piensan que sea adecuado para el aprendizaje y desarrollo de los alumnos. Se presentarán los diferentes tipos de dictado que existen y para qué sirve cada uno, además de los diferentes métodos de corrección. Además de todo lo nombrado, este trabajo también abordará los diferentes aspectos negativos y positivos generales de esta metodología. Cabe añadir que también se han valorado diferentes propuestas de mejora para que esta metodología pueda funcionar de manera óptima en el aula de primaria

From Survival to Revival: The Riga Summit 2015 and the revised ENP. Egmont Security policy Brief No. 65, July 2015

With the European Parliament’s July report on the revision of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) calling on the Commission to ‘go back to basics’, this article argues that such a move would be counter-productive and that instead, the ENP needs to move towards the future and break away with the historical elusiveness of this overarching policy. The Riga Summit serves as an illustration of what will not suffice if the EU is to strengthen or even maintain its role in its neighbourhoods. The revision of the ENP is described as 3Dimensional process which needs to yield a concrete and forward-looking new ENP. The recommendations put forth herein map out what a truly revised ENP would entail

THE LABOUR MARKET AND THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC CRISIS

The globalization phenomenon and the creation of an economically and structurally strong Europe could not last forever. Knowing the economic phenomena’ cyclicity, the following question arises: Which will be the starting point of a new global crisis? Identifying the causes and culprits upon which the international committees and economic and political analysts focus on, we briefly deal with them in this article, because it is essential to concentrate on the measures and the crisis impact over social security. The goal of this article is to illustrate the crisis impact over the social security and labour market fields, the measures took in this field in Europe, around the world and in Romania. We bring in a synoptic table of the causes, effects, measures taken and incurring tendencies. The labour market’s issues and the Social Security System’s difficulties can be solved by vigorous measures, of which the authors recommend the ones resulting from the comparative study realized on a group of European countries and from Romania’s economic tendencies. How will the new economy look like, which will the new world leaders be, these do not matter for the small and vulnerable economies. We conclude that intelligence and professional qualification should outrun over the measureless accumulation of wealth and properties, which in our opinion means that a global economic crisis has its purpose and that it was predictable.Social security, labour market, economic crisis, unemployment

The California Supreme Court’s Unlawful Use of Legislative History to Interpret Unambiguous Statutes during Its 2005 Term

A large part of the California Supreme Court’s job is to interpret the statutes that the California Legislature has enacted. The Court has developed clear rules for this task. One of the rules is that courts may rely on legislative history if and only if the statute being interpreted is ambiguous. However, as a review of the Court’s recent Term from September 2005 to August 2006 reveals, the Court consistently violates this important rule. This article considers four cases in which the Court used legislative history to “confirm” the meaning of an unambiguous statute, and one case in which the Court used legislative history to change an unambiguous statute’s meaning. It concludes with suggestions for improving the Court’s performance

The psychosocial impact of vaginal delivery and cesarean section in primiparous women

The aim of this study was to identify how the method of delivery and birth experience interfere with maternal psychological status early after puerperium. We conducted a prospective study on 148 women after puerperium from November 2017 to January 2018 in Bucur Maternity Hospital. Women that delivered vaginally mobilized in the first 6 hours in 73.7% of the cases, but for cesarean section after 12- 24 hours in 43.6% of the cases. Women described good support from the obstetrician in 58.1% of the cases. 90.5% of the women reported that the method of delivery did not have an impact on infant care and 73% had no lactation problems. The majority described little trauma, in 32.4% of the cases. 70.3% of the patients reported that they wanted to have more children and 59.5% of them desired the same method of delivery. Negative feelings, lactation, and taking care of the baby were not influenced in this study by the method of delivery, but by prematurity of birth and the complications that women experienced at birth

Frequency domain near-infrared multiwavelength imager design using high-speed, direct analog-to-digital conversion

Frequency domain near-infrared spectroscopy (FD-NIRS) has proven to be a reliable method for quantification of tissue absolute optical properties. We present a full-sampling direct analog-to-digital conversion FD-NIR imager. While we developed this instrument with a focus on high-speed optical breast tomographic imaging, the proposed design is suitable for a wide-range of biophotonic applications where fast, accurate quantification of absolute optical properties is needed. Simultaneous dual wavelength operation at 685 and 830 nm is achieved by concurrent 67.5 and 75 MHz frequency modulation of each laser source, respectively, followed by digitization using a high-speed (180  MS/s) 16-bit A/D converter and hybrid FPGA-assisted demodulation. The instrument supports 25 source locations and features 20 concurrently operating detectors. The noise floor of the instrument was measured at <1.4  pW/√Hz, and a dynamic range of 115+ dB, corresponding to nearly six orders of magnitude, has been demonstrated. Titration experiments consisting of 200 different absorption and scattering values were conducted to demonstrate accurate optical property quantification over the entire range of physiologically expected values.United States. National Institutes of Health (R01-CA142575)United States. National Institutes of Health (R01-CA097305)United States. National Institutes of Health (R01-CA187595)United States. National Institutes of Health (R00-EB011889