Small-scale marine fisheries in the municipal district of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil

The objective of this paper is to describe the main characteristics of small-scale marine fisheries in the municipal district of Florianópolis (SC), the capital city of the state of Santa Catarina. We give information about the most captured species, the fishing fleet and fishing gear used. The dynamics of the activity is described, considering the kind of operation of the boats, alongside post-capture procedures. The analyses were accomplished in two types of fishing communities: the one composed of fishers that fish in bays (North and South) and those who fish in the open sea. Numeric differences were observed among these two fishing areas, indicating the existence of two different fleets operating in the area. Differences between the two fishing areas were detected, considering the species caught, the harvest time and the fishing gear used. The open sea fishers have boats with dimensions, engine power, number of crew and fuel consumption numerically higher than those working in bays, indicating the existence of two distinct fleets operating in the region.Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a pesca de pequena escala no município de Florianópolis (SC). São apresentadas informações sobre as principais espécies capturadas, sobre a frota e artes de pesca utilizadas, sobre a dinâmica da atividade, considerando a forma de operação das unidades produtivas, e sobre os procedimentos pós-captura adotados. As análises foram realizadas em dois tipos de comunidades pesqueiras: as compostas por pescadores que atuam em baías e aquelas cujos integrantes pescam em mar aberto. Foram detectadas diferenças entre as duas áreas de pesca considerando as espécies capturadas, as épocas de captura e as artes de pesca utilizadas. Os pescadores de mar aberto possuem embarcações com dimensões, potência dos motores, número de tripulantes e consumo de combustível numericamente superiores aos que atuam nas baías, indicando a existência de duas frotas distintas operando na região

BRAZIL ROAD-KILL: a dataset of wildlife terrestrial vertebrate road-kills

Mortality from collision with vehicles is the most visible impact of road traffic on wildlife. Mortality due to roads (hereafter road-kill) can affect the dynamic of populations of many species and can, therefore, increase the risk of local decline or extinction. This is especially true in Brazil, where plans for road network upgrading and expansion overlaps biodiversity hotspot areas, which are of high importance for global conservation. Researchers, conservationists and road planners face the challenge to define a national strategy for road mitigation and wildlife conservation. The main goal of this dataset is a compilation of geo-referenced road-kill data from published and unpublished road surveys. This is the first Data Paper in the BRAZIL series (see ATLANTIC, NEOTROPICAL, and BRAZIL collections of Data Papers published in Ecology), which aims make public road-kill data for species in the Brazilian Regions. The dataset encompasses road-kill records from 45 personal communications and 26 studies published in peer-reviewed journals, theses and reports. The road-kill dataset comprises 21,512 records, 83% of which are identified to the species level (n = 450 species). The dataset includes records of 31 amphibian species, 90 reptile species, 229 bird species, and 99 mammal species. One species is classified as Endangered, eight as Vulnerable and twelve as Near Threatened. The species with the highest number of records are: Didelphis albiventris (n = 1,549), Volatinia jacarina (n = 1,238), Cerdocyon thous (n = 1,135), Helicops infrataeniatus (n = 802), and Rhinella icterica (n = 692). Most of the records came from southern Brazil. However, observations of the road-kill incidence for non-Least Concern species are more spread across the country. This dataset can be used to identify which taxa seems to be vulnerable to traffic, analyze temporal and spatial patterns of road-kill at local, regional and national scales and also used to understand the effects of road-kill on population persistence. It may also contribute to studies that aims to understand the influence of landscape and environmental influences on road-kills, improve our knowledge on road-related strategies on biodiversity conservation and be used as complementary information on large-scale and macroecological studies. No copyright or proprietary restrictions are associated with the use of this data set other than citation of this Data Paper

Phase equilibrium for the system rice bran oil plus fatty acids plus ethanol plus water plus gamma-oryzanol plus tocols

This work reports experimental equilibrium data for fatty systems containing rice bran oil, free fatty acids, ethanol, water, gamma-oryzanol and tocols, at 298.2 K. Model fatty systems composed by refined rice bran oil, commercial oleic acid, gamma-oryzanol, ethanol and water were used for adjusting NRTL and UNIQUAC interaction parameters between gamma-oryzanol and the other pseudocompounds. UNIQUAC interaction parameters between tocols and the other pseudocomponents were determined assuming that the tocols are present at infinite dilution in the liquid-liquid equilibrium system. Despite the complexity of the systems studied, the interaction parameters obtained were capable of correctly predicting the equilibrium for systems containing Brazilian and Thai crude rice bran oils and aqueous ethanol. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.216227128

Optimization of the rice bran oil deacidification process by liquid-liquid extraction

The present paper reports the process variable influence on the losses/transfer of fatty compounds during the deacidification process of rice bran oil by liquid-liquid extraction. The influence of process variables such as free fatty acid concentration in the oil, water content in the ethanolic solvent and oil:solvent mass ratio, were analyzed using the response surface methodology, having the aim to maximize the transfer of free fatty acids and minimize the losses of neutral oil plus minor compounds. In addition, the UNIQUAC equation was used to predict the transfer/losses of fatty and nutraceutical compounds to the alcohol phase. Both methodologies, the mathematical model from non-linear multiple regression and the UNIQUAC model, presented good agreement with the experimental data. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.73437037

Equilibrium data for the system rice bran oil plus fatty acids plus ethanol plus water at 298.2 K

This work presents experimental data for the model system refined rice bran oil + commercial oleic acid + ethanol + water at 298.2 K. These data were correlated by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models, with a global deviation of approximately 0.7% for both models. The equilibrium of crude rice bran oil + aqueous ethanol was predicted with success using the adjusted interaction parameters, with deviation between calculated and experimental results not higher than 0.54%. The results showed that the addition of water to the solvent increases the solvent selectivity, reducing the losses of neutral oil and nutraceutical compounds, and expands the region of phase splitting, allowing the refining of highly acidic crude rice bran oils by solvent extraction.48236737

Deacidification of Brazil nut and macadamia nut oils by solvent extraction: Liquid-liquid equilibrium data at 298.2 K

The present paper reports phase equilibrium experimental data for two systems composed by Brazil nut oil or macadamia nut oil + commercial oleic acid + ethanol + water, at 298.2 K and different water contents in the solvent. The addition of water to the solvent reduces the loss of neutral oil in the alcoholic phase and improves the solvent selectivity. The experimental data were subsequently correlated by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models. Global deviations between calculated and experimental results not higher than 1.5% were obtained for all systems, indicating that both models were able to reproduce correctly the experimental data, although the NRTL model presented a better performance.50251752