A flux calibration method for remote sensing satellites using stars

Star surveys and model analyses show that many stars have absolute stable fluxes as good as 3% in 0.3-35{\mu}m wavebands and about 1% in the visible wavebands. The relative flux calibrations between stars are better than 0.2%. Some stars have extremely stable fluxes and can be used as long term flux calibration sources. Stellar brightness is several orders of magnitude lower than most ground objects while the stars do not usually appear in remote sensing cameras, which makes the stars inappropriate for being calibration sources. The calibration method using stars discussed in this paper is through a mini-camera attached to remote sensing satellite. The mini-camera works at similar wavebands as the remote sensing cameras and it can observe the stars and the ground objects alternatively. High signal-to-noise ratio is achieved for the relatively faint stars through longer exposure time. Simultaneous precise cross-calibration is obtained as the mini-camera and remote sensing cameras look at the ground objects at the same time. The fluxes from the stars used as calibration standards are transferred to the remote sensing cameras through this procedure. Analysis shows that a 2% accurate calibration is possible.Comment: 12 page

Phenomenology of A Supersymmetric Model for Fermion Mass Hierarchy

Some phenomenological aspects of a supersymmetric model for fermion mass hierarchy proposed previously are discussed. It is required that the lepton universality violation is near to its current experimental bound. The lepton number violation decay modes $\tau \to 2e\mu$ and $3\mu$ maybe observable in the near future. The Majorana mass of electron-neutrino is predicted to be about 0.1 eV. The fine-tuning problem is discussed.Comment: 13 pages, latex, two figures, substantially revise

Gauged R-symmetry, Fermion and Higgs Mass Problem

We consider the simplest model of $SU(3) \times SU(2) \times U(1)_Y \times U(1)_R$ gauge symmetry with one extra singlet field whose vacuum expectation value breaks the horizontal $R$-symmetry $U(1)_R$ and gives rise to Yukawa textures. The $U(1)_R$ symmetry is able to provide both acceptable fermion mass hierarchies and a natural solution to the $\mu$ problem only if its mixed anomalies are cancelled by the Green-Schwarz mechanism. When the canonical normalization $g_3^2=g_2^2={5\over3}g_1^2$ of the gauge coupling constants is assumed, the Higgs mass parameter $\mu \sim m_{3/2}$ can arise taking into acount the uncertainty in the ultraviolet relation $m_e m_\mu m_\tau/m_d m_s m_b \simeq \lambda^q$ with $q \neq 0$. When $q=0$ is taken only a suppressed value of $\mu \sim \lambda m_{3/2}$ can be obtained.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, no figure

On the rationality of algebraic monodromy groups of compatible systems

Let E be a number field and X be a smooth geometrically connected variety defined over a characteristic p finite field F_q. Given an n-dimensional pure E-compatible system of semisimple \lambda-adic representations \rho_\lambda of the fundamental group \pi_1(X) with connected algebraic monodromy groups G_\lambda, we construct a common E-form G of all the groups G_\lambda. In the absolutely irreducible case, we construct a common E-form i:G->GL_{n,E} of all the tautological representations G_\lambda->GL_{n,E_\lambda} and a G-valued adelic representation \rho_A^G of \pi_1(X) such that their composition is isomorphic to the product representation of all \rho_\lambda. Moreover, if X is a curve and the (absolute) outer automorphism group of G^der is trivial, then the \lambda-components of \rho_A^G form an E-compatible system of G-representations. Analogous rationality results in characteristic zero, predicted by the Mumford-Tate conjecture, are obtained under some conditions including ordinariness.Comment: 35 pages. Thm. 1.1(ii) is improved so that G sits in GL_{n,E