Alerte sur la documentation dans les écoles d’art

La documentation dans les écoles d’art est dans une situation critique : il est urgent d’en avertir les différents acteurs de l’enseignement, les professionnels de l’art contemporain et des bibliothèques. Le constat établi par les bibliothécaires et documentalistes lors de leurs journées professionnelles en 2000 et 2001, est fondé sur un inventaire de l’état de l’informatisation et de l’accès à Internet et fait apparaître des disparités criantes et des retards considérables. Si certaines écoles ont amélioré leurs capacités de connexion, les centres de documentation demeurent les parents pauvres de cette évolution et ne rattrapent pas leur retard. À l’heure où les écoles acquièrent, après une forte mobilisation, un statut d’établissement d’enseignement supérieur, il est temps de prendre la mesure de la mutation engagée dans les métiers de l’information et de la documentation, les changements induits dans la collecte, la description, l’exploitation et la diffusion des documents par le développement des technologies dites nouvelles, en tenant compte de la spécificité proprement pédagogique de ces professions dans les écoles d’art

Ibrutinib impairs the phagocytosis of rituximab-coated leukemic cells from chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients by human macrophages

We have read with great interest the recent article of Kohrt, H.E. et al1 showing that Ibrutinib prevented NK cell mediated cytotoxicity of antibody-coated CLL cells in vitro. They also found that the concurrent treatment with Ibrutinib and rituximab or trastuzumab reduces the therapeutic efficacy of both anti-CD20 antibodies in a mouse model, while the sequential treatment with Ibrutinib and rituximab restored its anti-lymphoma activity. Since macrophages are the most important effector cells in CD20-directed cytotoxicity in murine models2,3 and they probably play a key role in human anti-CD20 therapy4,5, we determined whether Ibrutinib interferes the capacity of human macrophages to mediate phagocytosis of rituximab-coated CLL cells. To address this issue, macrophages differentiated from healthy peripheral blood monocytes were treated with or without Ibrutinib for 30 minutes and then cultured for 1, 2 or 3 hours with CFSE-labeled CLL cells or rituximab-coated CFSE-labeled CLL cells. Then, cells were tripsinized and the proportion of macrophages that have taken up CFSE-labeled CLL cells (CFSE+ macrophages) were scored by flow cytometry and verified using confocal microscopy, as previously described6. As expected, we found that the cultures with rituximab-coated CLL cells showed the highest percentage of CFSE+ macrophages, which increase in a time dependent manner (open circles in Figure 1A). Ibrutinib was able to reduce these values in all the times evaluated (solid circles in Figure 1A). Low percentages of CFSE+ macrophages were obtained in cultures with uncoated CLL cells, which were not modified by Ibrutinib (open and solid squares in Figure 1A). In addition, we found that Ibrutinib diminishes the percentage of CFSE+ macrophages in the cultures with rituximab-coated cells in a dose dependent manner (Figure 1B), which was not associated to a decreased viability of the macrophages (not shown). Moreover, the inhibitory effect of Ibrutinib was not limited to rituximab since comparable results were obtained when campath-coated CFSE-labeled CLL cells were employed (Figure 1C). Similar results were found when macrophages from CLL patients were used: mean±SE of the % of CFSE+ macrophages: 26.8 ± 2.1 vs, 17.3 ± 2.7 vs 10.8 ± 0.7 for rituximab-coated CFSE-labeled CLL cells alone, with 0.5μM or 5μM of Ibrutinib (n= 6). Representative dot plots are shown in Figure 1D. The results obtained by flow cytometry analysis were validated by confocal microscopy quantifying the number of macrophages that engulfed at least one tumor target cell (Figure 1E). A representative experiment is shown in Figure 1F. In addition, by performing a binding assay at 4oC, we confirmed that Ibrutinib did not reduce the binding of rituximab-coated CFSE-labeled CLL cells to macrophages (Figure 1G). Interestingly, while the presence of Ibrutinib during the assay impairs the phagocytosis of rituximab-coated CLL cells, when Ibrutinib was washed out, macrophages recovered their phagocytic capacity in a time-dependent manner (Figure 1H). In conclusion we found that the presence of Ibrutinib impairs the phagocytosis of rituximab-opsonized CLL cells by human macrophages, which was restored when the inhibitor was removed from the cultures. Our results, and those obtained by Kohrt et al1 suggest that the sequential administration of Ibrutinib followed by rituximab, and not the concurrent treatment of the patients with these agents, might enhance their anti-tumor activity in vivo.Fil: Borge, Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Almejún, María Belén. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento de Microbiología. Cátedra de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Podaza, Enrique Arturo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Colado, Ana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Fernández Grecco, Horacio. Sanatorio Municipal Dr. Julio Méndez; ArgentinaFil: Cabrejo, María. Sanatorio Municipal Dr. Julio Méndez; ArgentinaFil: Bezares, Raimundo F.. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital General de Agudos ; ArgentinaFil: Giordano, Mirta Nilda. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Gamberale, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina; Argentin

Biophysical Measurements of Cells, Microtubules, and DNA with an Atomic Force Microscope

Atomic force microscopes (AFMs) are ubiquitous in research laboratories and have recently been priced for use in teaching laboratories. Here we review several AFM platforms (Dimension 3000 by Digital Instruments, EasyScan2 by Nanosurf, ezAFM by Nanomagnetics, and TKAFM by Thorlabs) and describe various biophysical experiments that could be done in the teaching laboratory using these instruments. In particular, we focus on experiments that image biological materials and quantify biophysical parameters: 1) imaging cells to determine membrane tension, 2) imaging microtubules to determine their persistence length, 3) imaging the random walk of DNA molecules to determine their contour length, and 4) imaging stretched DNA molecules to measure the tensional force.Comment: 29 page preprint, 7 figures, 1 tabl

Bibliothèques d’art : mutualiser les ressources

Cette journée s’inscrivait dans le droit fil des liens étroits et fructueux établis par la Commission des bibliothèques d’art de l’ABF avec son homologue allemande. Réunissant près d’une centaine de participants dans un lieu magnifique, cette participation témoignait du vif désir d’échanges qui trouva à se satisfaire au cours d’une rencontre riche et intense

Pulse Arrival Time estimation based on Electrocardiography and Bioimpedance measurements in non-standard points

Arterial stiffness and blood pressure can be diagnosed by estimating the pulse arrival time (PAT). To do so, electrocardiography (ECG) and impendance plethysmography (IPG) methods are employed. In this paper we propose a non-invasive, low-cost approach that uses non-standard points to measure the electrocardiogram and the bioimpedance. To determine if the ECG and BIM-IPG can be properly measured in the upper extremities open new doors to the design of comfortable portable devices that could constantly be monitoring the user outside hospital environment. This could be especially interesting for patients that suffer of chronic circulatory diseases. Performed tests in the laboratory show the validity of the proposed method.2014/201

Adipose Tissue Uses in Peripheral Nerve Surgery

Currently, many different techniques exist for the surgical repair of peripheral nerves. The degree of injury dictates the repair and, depending on the defect or injury of the peripheral nerve, plastic surgeons can perform nerve repairs, grafts, and transfers. All the previously listed techniques are routinely performed in human patients, but a novel addition to these peripheral nerve surgeries involves concomitant fat grafting to the repair site at the time of surgery. Fat grafting provides adipose-derived stem cells to the injury site. Though fat grafting is performed as an adjunct to some peripheral nerve surgeries, there is no clear evidence as to which procedures have improved outcomes resultant from concomitant fat grafting. This review explores the evidence presented in various animal studies regarding outcomes of fat grafting at the time of various types of peripheral nerve surgery

Open TELEMAC as a decision making tool in developing countries. Case of flash floods and boundary demarcation in Colombia

HydrodynamicsAbstrac

Treatment of recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome with fat grafting as an adjunct

Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the surgical outcomes of treating recurrent carpal tunnel with recurrent carpal tunnel release only compared to recurrent carpal tunnel release with fat grafting as an adjunct. Methods: Retrospective case-control study was performed of the recurrent carpal tunnels treated, excluding explicit nerve injury such as transections, neuromas in continuity, etc. Patients with recurrent carpal tunnel received re-release of carpal tunnel only or fat grafting as an adjunct. The outcomes of both groups were compared utilizing chi-square analysis. Results: A total number of 81 patients were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Of the recurrences, a total of 16 patients did not receive fat grafting and 65 did. The rate of improvement in symptoms for performing a carpal tunnel release was only 50.0% and for performing carpal tunnel release with fat grafting was 92%, with P-value \u3c 0.00. Conclusion: Adipose-derived stem cells as an adjunct to carpal tunnel release increased the rate of improvement in symptoms of carpal tunnel compression after recurrence compared to carpal tunnel release alone. Further studies need to be performed to confirm the validity of these findings

Milk and blood, body and spirit: Meanings of the corporeal in la teta asustada by Claudia Llosa

This work shows the results from a research on the film La teta asustada (2009) by the Peruvian director Claudia Llosa. An innovative approach is proposed for the analysis and interpretation of the film in order to highlight some aspects barely dealt with in the previous bibliography on this topic. We start with a principle stating that the body is an essential element in the semiotization of the world, an aspect extensively and intensively developed in this film. A proposal consisting of five types of corporeity (spatial, temporal, sexual, vegetal and vital) is proposed. They shape a specific sense of corporeity, a concept understood as a set of imageries associated with the body in a specific context and historic time