El método de la nueva economía política institucional: ¿maximización neoclásica o teoría de juegos?

Este artículo estudia el papel que desempeña la Teoría de juegos en la nueva Economía Política institucional. Tras presentar los rasgos principales del modelo de optimización neoclásica y de la Teoría de juegos, se centra en los juegos de coordinación y en los juegos repetidos y muestra cómo estos juegos pueden aplicarse a problemas relevantes de la moderna Economía institucional.This paper studies the role of game theory in new institucional political economy. After dicussing the main features of both the neoclassical optimization model and game theory, it deals with coordination and repeated games and shows how these games can be applied to relevant problems of modern institutional economics

Industrialización y derecho de daños en la España del siglo XIX

Nuevos enfoques en la historia económica de España y de América Latina. Homenaje a Robert W. Fogel y Douglas C. North, Premios Nobel de Economía 1993Editada en la Universidad Carlos IIIA partir de la tesis de Horwitz sobre la industrialización y el derecho de daños, este artículo estudia el derecho de accidentes y la regulación pública de la industria en la España del siglo XIX. Muestra que tanto el sistema del common law como los sistemas legales continentales ayudaron al desarrollo de la industria y los ferrocarriles la aplicación de la regla de responsabilidad por culpa y una regulación administrativa favorable. Concluye el artículo con una breve discusión sobre la teoría de la búsqueda de rentas y la ideología como argumentos que explican estos cambios legales.Beginning with Horwitz thesis on industrialization and tort law, this paper studies the law of accidents and the public regulation of industry in XIXth century Spain. It shows that both the common law and the continental legal systems helped to develop industry and railroads through the negligence rule and positive public regulation. The paper concludes with a short discussion of rent seeking and ideology as arguments that can explain these changes in the legal tradition.Publicad

El Euro: éxitos, inficiencias y amenazas

Curso de veran

Lucas Beltrán, In Memoriam

Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaPublicad

Low-frequency phonons in carbon nanotubes: A continuum approach

7 págs.; 6 figs.; 2 apéndices ; PACS number s : 68.65. k, 63.22. mLow-frequency phonons in carbon nanotubes are studied using a continuum model which allows consideration of an arbitrary wall thickness for the nanotube. Phonon dispersion relations are calculated for two archetypal examples of carbon nanotubes, the (5,5) and (10,10) tubes. The dependence of the radial breathing mode frequency at Γ on the inverse nanotube diameter is verified within this model; furthermore, we prove it to hold for all pure modes within the thin-shell approximation. The effect of the nanotube wall thickness on the eigenfrequencies of carbon nanotubes is also analyzed, and a criterion to fix this parameter within a continuum model is presented. We compare our results to other continuum approaches, and show that by choosing the appropriate parameters, excellent agreement with recent first-principles calculations can be achieved. © 2006 The American Physical Society.This work has been partly supported by the Spanish DGES Grant No. MAT 2002-04540-C05-03 and the Vicerrectorado de Relaciones Internacionales UCLM.Peer Reviewe

Creation of entangled states of distant atoms by interference

9 págs.; 2 figs.; app.; PACS number~s!: 03.65.Bz, 42.50.VkWe propose a scheme to create distant entangled atomic states. It is based on driving two (or more) atoms with a weak laser pulse, so that the probability that two atoms are excited is negligible. If the subsequent spontaneous emission is detected, the entangled state is created. We have developed a model to analyze the fidelity of the resulting state as a function of the dimensions and location of the detector, and the motional properties of the atoms. ©1999 American Physical SocietyThis work was supported in part by the Acciones Integradas No. HU/997-0030 (Spain-Austria),Grant Nos. TIC95-0563-C05-03 and PB96-00819 from CICYT (Spain), the Comunidad de Madrid under Grant No. 06T/039/96 (Spain), the FWF (Austrian Science Foundation) and TMR Network No. ERB–FMRX–CT96–0087.Peer Reviewe

Three-dimensional theory for interaction between atomic ensembles and free-space light

Atomic ensembles have shown to be a promising candidate for implementations of quantum information processing by many recently-discovered schemes. All these schemes are based on the interaction between optical beams and atomic ensembles. For description of these interactions, one assumed either a cavity-QED model or a one-dimensional light propagation model, which is still inadequate for a full prediction and understanding of most of the current experimental efforts which are actually taken in the three-dimensional free space. Here, we propose a perturbative theory to describe the three-dimensional effects in interaction between atomic ensembles and free-space light with a level configuration important for several applications. The calculations reveal some significant effects which are not known before from the other approaches, such as the inherent mode-mismatching noise and the optimal mode-matching conditions. The three-dimensional theory confirms the collective enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio which is believed to be one of the main advantage of the ensemble-based quantum information processing schemes, however, it also shows that this enhancement need to be understood in a more subtle way with an appropriate mode matching method.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure