Ruimte voor werk. bouwrijpe bedrijventerreinen, economische ontwikkeling en ruimtelijke planning in Vlaanderen

Is there a shortage of new industrial sites in Flanders? This paper develops a method to evaluate the availability of industrial sites. The evaluation is based on the idea that a "strategic supply" should always be available in each sub-region in order to guarantee further economic development. The results indicate that the available area for industrial sites is clearly insufficient in large parts of Flanders. We also formulate several policy recommendations. The Flemish Govermnent has to take simultaneously structural and ad hoc measures. The structural measures should prevent that policy induced shortage of supply can pop up in the future. The ad hoc measures should speed up the supply in the next years.

Belgische werkgelegenheid in een mondialiserende economie.

België; economie; geografie; globalisering; Leuven; mondialiserende economie; tewerkstelling; werkgelegenheid;

Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Komputer pada Mata Kuliah Pastry di Jurusan Ilmu Kesejahteraan Keluarga Fakultas Pariwisata dan Perhotelan Universitas Negeri Padang

The aims of this study was to develop a computer-based learning media is valid and practical course on pastry in the ca of IKK FPP UNP. This study uses Research And Development (R & D) is the method used to produce a specific product and test the feasibility of the product. Products produced in the form of computer-based learning media in the Department of IKK FPP UNP. Data collection techniques in this study conducted using questionnaires given to lecturers caterers and questionnaire responses of students to the media developed and analyzed using analysis deskripstif which includes analysis of the validity, and analysis of the practicalities. The results of this study indicate that the validity of computer-based learning media on valid category (0.89). While the practicalities of the test, the lecturer / practitioner gives very practical category (92.7%) and students leave with a very practical category (88.7%). Based on these findings it can be concluded that computer-based learning media is valid and practical to be used as a medium of learning in the subject of Pastry

Selective Memory: Victorian Periodical Receptions of Eighteenth-Century and Romantic Novels

Attention to Victorian reviews of eighteenth-century and Romantic novels reveals sympathy's importance to the survival of classic novels and its role as a catalyst for critical standards that remain central. I demonstrate that reviewers used sympathy to describe a widespread but untheorized system of useful reading. Reviewers argue that rational sympathy could make reading a process of moral education. That is, if readers reject emotional stimulation, then reading about characters' motives teaches readers to evaluate the people and situations they encounter in the real world. By looking at already canonical novelists like Richardson, Fielding and Scott, by denying canonicity to gothic novelists, and by creating new classics with figures like Austen, Victorian reviewers engage sympathy to teach their readers how to read reviews and novels appropriately. In doing so, reviewers also alter the reviewing voice, making it more sympathetic as well as using it to cajole and convince readers (rather than expecting agreement based on the reviewer's expertise). Additionally, reviewers use persuasive techniques to build imagined relationships between readers, encouraging readers to take the moral ideals garnered from their reading and put them to use in relationships. I claim, then, that Victorian reviews, aimed at leisure readers, explore artistic questions primarily as contributors to sympathy and focus on how to read for moral and emotional education. As a result, crucial definitions and tenets about novel writing and reading are buried in paragraphs on morality or biography. If scholars understand why and how Victorian reviewers criticize novels, they will also recognize the complex arguments in these oft-derided articles. The result will be a fuller understanding of the history of novel criticism and a clearer picture of the values that guided the canonizing process during the Victorian period.Englis

Etude de l'ordonnancement conjoint de tâches et de messages : application à l'exécutif OSEK/VDX et au réseau CAN

Stage de DEA. Rapport de stage.Dans les systèmes temps réel, les tâches et les messages sont en principe ordonnancés grâce à leur priorité. Une fois ces priorités affectées et connaissant les caractéristiques des tâches, du réseau et des messages, on sait calculer analytiquement le pire temps de réponse de ces tâches et celui des messages. Cependant, contrairement au cas uniprocesseur, il n'existe pas d'algorithme optimal pour affecter ces propriétés dans le cas distribué. En effet, les calculs du pire temps de réponse des tâches et des messages sont interdépendants. On parle alors de transactions, lorsque des messages et des tâches sont liés : d'une part les messages sont toujours crées par les tâches et d'autre part certaines tâches sont activées par des messages. Le calcul des temps de réponse dans le pire cas de ces transactions nécessite alors la connaissance globale du système. l'utilisation d'algorithmes génétiques couplée à celles d'heuristiques permet pour des systèmes complexes de trouver une ou plusieurs solutions vérifiant les contraintes temporelles du système

The returns to non-cognitive skills: a meta-analysis

This paper discusses the returns to non-cognitive skills based on results of a meta-analysis. The systematic literature review of articles published in the last decade and analysing labour market outcomes and non-cognitive skills allowed us to extract more than 300 estimates linking earnings and non-cognitive skills, most often measured by the Big Five inventory. The results of meta-analysis point to heterogeneity in the estimated signs and significance of a particular non-cognitive skill. We observe that conscientiousness and openness are two personality traits that bring higher earnings, while agreeableness and neuroticism (low emotional stability) are associated with receiving lower earnings. Some gender differences are also observed. Older and female participants seemed to benefit more from programmes targeted at developing non-cognitive skills than younger participants and men. However, there is a positive selection of female participants to enrol to programmes with better prospects (e.g. longer in duration).JRC.T.3 - Algorithmic Transparenc

Crypto assets in the Swiss private wealth management

Switzerland has enjoyed a well-regarded reputation as a leading financial center for many decades due to its high-quality services, expertise, and stability. Wealth management services have been a major source of income for banks. However, the Swiss wealth management industry competitiveness is falling behind in terms of financial sector digital capabilities. As the world advances technologically, new client expectations emerge; consequently, the Swiss financial institutions must adapt to these new client demands, which requires the institutions to embrace technological breakthroughs. The technological advancements of this century include cryptography, the underlying technology of the revolutionary crypto asset’s ecosystem. Due to the institution-sceptical libertarian movement that started crypto assets, they are a controversial topic. This is shown by how Swiss financial institutions are differently positioned concerning the topic: some are at the intersection of the crypto ecosystem and traditional finance, while others are studying the topic or have stated their opposition to crypto assets. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to comprehend the extent of crypto asset offerings by Swiss financial institutions, as well as the rationale behind their position, their impressions of clients' demand, and their view regarding the institutionalization of crypto assets. In addition, as the crypto asset sector expands and a rapidly rising number of crypto asset categories and classes are established, this study aims to examine the crypto asset class(es) that have the potential to meet the demands of Swiss wealth managers and their clients. The methodology used to address these topics is based on interviews with experts in the field. The qualitative analysis adopts the grounded theory approach. The grounded theory approach seeks to discover or construct a theory using qualitative data that have been methodically collected and analysed using comparison techniques. The interviews revealed that Swiss financial institutions that offer crypto asset investment solutions to their clients do so in collaboration with Swiss crypto banks or Swiss custodians and that only a limited number of crypto assets are currently offered. In addition, it was acknowledged that there are a variety of services and offering structures among firms that provide clients with crypto asset investment options. Financial institutions in Switzerland that do not currently offer crypto asset investment solutions to their clients still provide educational services or utilize cryptography for internal operations. Moreover, regardless of their position on crypto assets, it was recognized that financial institutions can book investment products listed on regulated exchanges, such as crypto funds and crypto ETPs, if a client with an execute-only mandate requests it. The position of banks that currently offer crypto assets is based primarily on client demand, the wealth-driving source emerging from the asset class, a belief in the asset class value proposition, advantages in portfolio management, and the desire to position themselves with younger clients, where demand for crypto assets is concentrated. And for banks that currently do not offer crypto asset solutions to their clients, reputational concerns, the lack of regulation in the asset class, the immaturity of the asset class, the number of unsuccessful ventures, the perceived threat to financial institutions, and the market volatility are the main reasons for their positioning. Moreover, Swiss wealth managers have differing opinions regarding the crypto asset classes that are expected to meet their and their clients' demands; however, based on the findings of the interviews, selected cryptocurrencies, crypto utility tokens, and crypto security tokens are the crypto asset classes that are viewed favourably by Swiss wealth managers. Based on the analysis of the literature review and expert interviews, the crypto ecosystem is in an emerging phase, and institutions are faced with the need to position themselves in an innovative ecosystem that presents Swiss financial institutions with both opportunities and risks. Positioning themselves in this environment demands an in-depth analysis of the asset class, an assessment of client needs, and an overall strategy that reduces the risks associated with the asset class

Governance in Flanders’ regional policy: subregional platforms as development coalitions

Actively engaging citizens is one of the main objectives behind the emergence of governance in the policy making process. The former top-down approach characterized by strong hierarchical relationships and a large distance between policy and citizens, is replaced by an approach that seeks important bottom-up (local) input. New partnerships between non-traditional and political actors are formed in the decision making process in order to engage citizens.Since the 1990s, the governance idea has gradually become a central focus of regional development policy. One of the driving forces behind this development is certainly the politically friendly nature of global-local theory. It provides local politicians with an external enemy (the global) and a solution (the mobilization of local actors in development coalitions). From this perspective, this paper analyses the developments in Europe and especially in Flanders, where sub-regional platforms act as development coalitions.The paper concludes that these platforms contribute to a governance structure that enables genuine public participation in policy making. At the same time, it offers a more sceptical assessment of the impact of development coalitions on economic processes. Territorial identification is a tangible outcome of the process, whilst the notion of localized knowledge spillovers is confined to academic speculation.De burger actief betrekken bij het beleid is een van de hoofdmotieven om governance systemen op te zetten. Hierbij wordt het top down beleid dat gekarakteriseerd wordt door hiërarchische relaties en een grote afstand tussen het beleid en de burger, vervangen door een beleid dat in toenemende mate open staat voor een bottom up (lokale) inbreng. Om de burger te betrekken in het besluitvormingsproces ontstaan er nieuwe partnerschappen tussen politieke en andere actoren in de maatschappij.Vanaf de jaren 1990 is een governance benadering geleidelijk aan een centrale invalshoek geworden in het regionaal-economisch beleid. Een van de drijvende krachten hierachter is zeker het beleidsvriendelijk karakter van de global-local theorie. Deze theorie geeft de lokale beleidsmakers namelijk een externe vijand (de mondiale economie) en een oplossing (de mobilisering van lokale actoren in groeicoalities). Vanuit dit perspectief analyseert deze bijdrage de ontwikkelingen in Europa en specifiek in Vlaanderen waar er streekplatformen zijn ontstaan die zich opstellen als groeicoalities voor de streek waar zij actief zijn.Deze bijdrage besluit dat men het streekplatform inderdaad kan beschouwen als een governance structuur die een reële betrokkenheid van andere maatschappelijke actoren in het beleidsproces mogelijk maakt. Tezelfdertijd is deze bijdrage heel wat kritischer als het gaat over de reële impact van deze groeicoalities op de economie. Vastgesteld wordt dat territoriale identificatie het meest tastbare resultaat is van het proces, terwijl het concept van gelokaliseerde kennis spillovers moet beschouwd worden als academische wishful thinking