Neurotoxicological effects induced by up-regulation of miR-137 following triclosan exposure to zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Triclosan (TCS) is a prevalent anthropogenic contaminant in aquatic environments and its chronic exposure can lead to a series of neurotoxic effects in zebrafish. Both qRT-PCR and W-ISH identified that TCS exposure resulted in significant up-regulation of miR-137, but downregulation of its regulatory genes (bcl11aa, MAPK6 and Runx1). These target genes are mainly associated with neurodevelopment and the MAPK signaling pathway, and showed especially high expression in the brain. After overexpression or knockdown treatments by manual intervention of miR-137, a series of abnormalities were induced, such as ventricular abnormality, bent spine, yolk cyst, closure of swim sac and venous sinus hemorrhage. The most sensitive larval toxicological endpoint from intervened miR-137 expression was impairment of the central nervous system (CNS), ventricular abnormalities and notochord curvature. Microinjection of microRNA mimics or inhibitors of miR-137 both caused zebrafish malformations. The posterior lateral line neuromasts became obscured and decreased in number in intervened miR-137 groups and TCS-exposure groups. Up-regulation of miR-137 led to more severe neurotoxic effects than its down-regulation. Behavioral observations demonstrated that both TCS exposure and miR-137 over-expression led to inhibited hearing or vision sensitivity. HE staining indicated that hearing and vision abnormalities induced by long-term TCS exposure originated from CNS injury, such as reduced glial cells and loose and hollow fiber structures. The findings of this study enhance our mechanistic understanding of neurotoxicity in aquatic animals in response to TCS exposure. These observations provide theoretical guidance for development of early intervention treatments for nervous system diseases

Research on the Identification of Matheran Wine Region in the East Foot of Helan Mountain

Objective: To explore the feasibility of using stable carbon and oxygen isotopes and mineral elements in small-scale regional wine production identification, the fractionation characteristics of stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in wine of Matheran single wine from different sub-producing areas at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia were studied. Methods: Forty-five samples of Massellan single wine from 5 sub-producing areas of Hongsipu, Qingtongxia, Yongning, Helan, and Zhenbeipu were selected to analyze the mineral element contents and the values of δ13C and δ18O. The fisher linear discriminant analysis method was used to establish a wine region discriminant model based on stable isotopes and mineral elements. Result: Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes exhibited significant fractionation during wine fermentation, with a total δ13C>ethanol δ13C>glycerol δ13C, and the three showed a certain degree of homology. The order of the δ18O size was grape juice δ18O>wine δ18O>water δ18O. As、B、K、Li、Mn、Ni、Pb、Rb、Sb、Sr、Ti and Cs showed significant differences between some production areas (P0.05). The accuracy rate of origin discrimination based on stable carbon and oxygen isotopes was only 40%, while the accuracy rates based on mineral elements and carbon and oxygen stable isotopes combined with mineral elements were both 95.6%. Conclusion: Mineral elements can distinguish wine samples from different sub-producing areas effectively. Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes cannot be used to identify the producing areas of wine from different small-scale regions

Analysis of Pyrazine Compounds of Sauce-flavor Baijiu from Different Regions

Pyrazines are the flavor component basis of the baking aroma of sauce-flavor baijiu and are also an important index for evaluating differences in quality. To explore differences in pyrazine content in sauce-flavor baijiu from different regions, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), sensory evaluation and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to identify 16 pyrazines in 69 sauce-flavor baijiu products from Sichuan, Guizhou, and other regions. No significant differences were found in pyrazines identified in sauce-flavor baijiu from different regions, but significant quantitative differences in content were found. Average pyrazine content in sauce-flavor baijiu in Guizhou (26472.53 μg/L) was higher than that in Sichuan (18544.17 μg/L) and other regions (16495.45 μg/L), and tetramethyl pyrazine was found in the highest proportion of the 69 sauce-flavor baijiu products, and the content ranged from 64.81 to 50399.56 μg/L. The key aroma substances in sauce-flavor baijiu, 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, and trimethylpyrazine had odor activity values (OAV) >1 in the 69 sauce-flavor baijiu products. Tetramethylpyrazine, trimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine and 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine were selected by OPLS-DA as the main difference of pyrazine compounds in different places to distinguish sauce-flavor baijiu (VIP>1). The sensory quantitative results showed that there were differences in the sensory properties of burnt aroma, baked aroma, paste aroma, grass aroma, earth aroma, green leaf or vegetable aroma and nutty aroma. The results of this study provide an important reference for regional differentiation and brewing process regulation of sauce-flavor baijiu

Advancements in rural resilience research over the past two decades and its significance for sustainable development

Abstract Accelerated urbanization has induced multifarious disturbances and shocks in rural areas. Resilience theory is instrumental in explaining the interactions and outcomes between village systems and external environmental systems, rendering rural resilience research an emerging focus. Based on a 20-year span of relevant literature from the Web of Science database, this paper elucidates the developmental stages, principal themes, and measurement frameworks of rural resilience research, and examines the limitations and future directions of current research. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) Over the past 20 years, rural resilience research has shown a continuous growth and gone through three stages of development. (2) The core topics focus on the exploration of impact mechanisms, assessment in the context of disasters, and landscape ecological planning and construction, yet unified and comprehensive analysis frameworks have been rarely reported. (3) In the future, more attention should be paid to dynamics and complexity, and the level of rural resilience should be empirically analyzed from an integrated perspective. This study provides a theoretical basis for rural development and resilience planning, emphasizing the response to uncertainty disturbances through cross-scale elemental linkages to achieve sustainable rural development. Clinical trial number: Not applicable

Research on Traceability of Cold Chain Logistics Based on RFID and EPC

Abstract In recent years, people placed great emphasis on food quality and safety. About half million people die of food hygiene problems every year in the world. How to effectively trace the source of various kinds of food with various origins has become the core issue of food safety research. Based on EPC, RFID and Baidu Map API, this paper designs a tracking and traceability platform and establishes a food life cycle model to ensure food safety and improve service level. The main research contents include: developing EPC coding system of the research object; solving the life cycle of the research object.</jats:p

Research of E-map System Based on Baidu Map API for University Campus

Abstract With the rapid growing of universities, the campus infrastructure continues to expand. Visitors are not clear the position of their destination. Traditional online mapping service updating not timely can only supports customers to browse and query incomplete description of the destination. In this paper, a spatial information inquiry system of campus is designed based on Baidu map API with JavaEE technologies. The system can provide the basic map function for almost all important things on campus. Based on this method, Beijing Union University campus E-map has been developed successfully, which demonstrates the feasibility of this solution.</jats:p

Optimization of VRR for Cold Chain with Minimum Loss Based on Actual Traffic Conditions

Recently, fresh agricultural cold-chain logistics have been greatly developed with the increasing needs of people’s life. Reducing costs of cold-chain distribution has become the main object of loss control in logistics enterprises. The objective of this research is to find a set of optimal routes that minimize the total loss, including fuel cost, refrigeration cost, soft time window penalty cost, and cargo damage cost over transit time. In this paper, the definition and model construction of vehicle routing problem (VRP) with multiobjective minimum lost are introduced first. Then, an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm combined with Pareto local search (PLS) is put forward to solve the minimum loss model. In order to avoid the influence of complex road conditions during distribution, the distance matrix and the transit time matrix are both derived from the recommended navigation road based on E-map API. At last, a compare experiment between the traditional method and our proposed method is performed. The results indicate that our method has strong applicability and potential advantages in cold-chain logistic and has important practical significance and application value.</jats:p