Valence band offset of InN/BaTiO3 heterojunction measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to measure the valence band offset of the InN/BaTiO(3 )heterojunction. It is found that a type-I band alignment forms at the interface. The valence band offset (VBO) and conduction band offset (CBO) are determined to be 2.25 ± 0.09 and 0.15 ± 0.09 eV, respectively. The experimental VBO data is well consistent with the value that comes from transitivity rule. The accurate determination of VBO and CBO is important for use of semiconductor/ferrroelectric heterojunction multifunctional devices

Regulation of interferon pathway in 2-methoxyestradiol-treated osteosarcoma cells

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma is a bone tumor that often affects children and young adults. Although a combination of surgery and chemotherapy has improved the survival rate in the past decades, local recurrence and metastases still develop in 40% of patients. A definite therapy is yet to be determined for osteosarcoma. Anti- tumor compound and a metabolite of estrogen, 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) induces cell death in osteosarcoma cells. In this report, we have investigated whether interferon (IFN) pathway is involved in 2-ME-induced anti-tumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. METHODS: 2-ME effects on IFN mRNA levels were determined by Real time PCR analysis. Transient transfections followed by reporter assays were used for investigating 2-ME effects on IFN-pathway. Western blot analyses were used to measure protein and phosphorylation levels of IFN-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor-2 alpha (eIF-2α). RESULTS: 2-ME regulates IFN and IFN-mediated effects in osteosarcoma cells. 2 -ME induces IFN gene activity and expression in osteosarcoma cells. 2-ME treatment induced IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) sequence-dependent transcription and gamma-activated sequence (GAS)-dependent transcription in several osteosarcoma cells. Whereas, 2-ME did not affect IFN gene and IFN pathways in normal primary human osteoblasts (HOB). 2-ME treatment increased the phosphorylation of eIF-2α in osteosarcoma cells. Furthermore, analysis of osteosarcoma tissues shows that the levels of phosphorylated form of eIF-2α are decreased in tumor compared to normal controls. CONCLUSIONS: 2-ME treatment triggers the induction and activity of IFN and IFN pathway genes in 2-ME-sensitive osteosarcoma tumor cells but not in 2-ME-resistant normal osteoblasts. In addition, IFN-signaling is inhibited in osteosarcoma patients. Thus, IFN pathways play a role in osteosarcoma and in 2-ME-mediated anti-proliferative effects, and therefore targeted induction of IFN signaling could lead to effective treatment strategies in the control of osteosarcoma

Counting triangles in graphs without vertex disjoint odd cycles

Given two graphs $H$ and $F$, the maximum possible number of copies of $H$ in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices is denoted by $\mathrm{ex}(n, H, F)$. Let $(\ell+1) \cdot F$ denote $\ell+1$ vertex disjoint copies of $F$. In this paper, we determine the exact value of $\mathrm{ex}(n, C_3, (\ell+1)\cdot C_{2k+1})$ and its extremal graph, which generalizes some known results

Matriks Jordan Dan Aplikasinya Pada Sistem Linier Waktu Diskrit

Matrix is diagonalizable (similar with matrix diagonal) if and only if the sum of geometric multiplicities of its eigenvalues is n.If we search for an upper triangular form that is nearly diagonal as possible but is still attainable by similarity for every matrix, especially the sum of geometric multiplicities of its eigenvalues is less than n, the result is the Jordan canonical form, which is denoted by , and . In this paper, will be described how to get matrix S(in order to get matrix ) by using generalized eigenvector. In addition, it will also describe the Jordan canonical form and its properties, and some observation and application on discrete time linear system

PSR J1926-0652: A Pulsar with Interesting Emission Properties Discovered at FAST

We describe PSR J1926-0652, a pulsar recently discovered with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Using sensitive single-pulse detections from FAST and long-term timing observations from the Parkes 64-m radio telescope, we probed phenomena on both long and short time scales. The FAST observations covered a wide frequency range from 270 to 800 MHz, enabling individual pulses to be studied in detail. The pulsar exhibits at least four profile components, short-term nulling lasting from 4 to 450 pulses, complex subpulse drifting behaviours and intermittency on scales of tens of minutes. While the average band spacing P3 is relatively constant across different bursts and components, significant variations in the separation of adjacent bands are seen, especially near the beginning and end of a burst. Band shapes and slopes are quite variable, especially for the trailing components and for the shorter bursts. We show that for each burst the last detectable pulse prior to emission ceasing has different properties compared to other pulses. These complexities pose challenges for the classic carousel-type models.Comment: 13pages with 12 figure

Loss of Asxl1 Alters Self-Renewal and Cell Fate of Bone Marrow Stromal Cell, Leading to Bohring-Opitz-like Syndrome in Mice

De novo ASXL1 mutations are found in patients with Bohring-Opitz syndrome, a disease with severe developmental defects and early childhood mortality. The underlying pathologic mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using Asxl1-targeted murine models, we found that Asxl1 global loss as well as conditional deletion in osteoblasts and their progenitors led to significant bone loss and a markedly decreased number of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) compared with wild-type littermates. Asxl1(-/-) BMSCs displayed impaired self-renewal and skewed differentiation, away from osteoblasts and favoring adipocytes. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed altered expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, skeletal development, and morphogenesis. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis showed decreased expression of stem cell self-renewal gene signature, suggesting a role of Asxl1 in regulating the stemness of BMSCs. Importantly, re-introduction of Asxl1 normalized NANOG and OCT4 expression and restored the self-renewal capacity of Asxl1(-/-) BMSCs. Our study unveils a pivotal role of ASXL1 in the maintenance of BMSC functions and skeletal development

Intelligent Optimized Combined Model Based on GARCH and SVM for Forecasting Electricity Price of New South Wales, Australia

Daily electricity price forecasting plays an essential role in electrical power system operation and planning. The accuracy of forecasting electricity price can ensure that consumers minimize their electricity costs and make producers maximize their profits and avoid volatility. However, the fluctuation of electricity price depends on other commodities and there is a very complicated randomization in its evolution process. Therefore, in recent years, although large number of forecasting methods have been proposed and researched in this domain, it is very difficult to forecast electricity price with only one traditional model for different behaviors of electricity price. In this paper, we propose an optimized combined forecasting model by ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) based on the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model and support vector machine (SVM) to improve the forecasting accuracy. First, both GARCH model and SVM are developed to forecast short-term electricity price of New South Wales in Australia. Then, ACO algorithm is applied to determine the weight coefficients. Finally, the forecasting errors by three models are analyzed and compared. The experiment results demonstrate that the combined model makes accuracy higher than the single models

CAF: Cluster Algorithm and A-Star with Fuzzy Approach for Lifetime Enhancement in Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy is a major factor in designing wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In particular, in the real world, battery energy is limited; thus the effective improvement of the energy becomes the key of the routing protocols. Besides, the sensor nodes are always deployed far away from the base station and the transmission energy consumption is index times increasing with the increase of distance as well. This paper proposes a new routing method for WSNs to extend the network lifetime using a combination of a clustering algorithm, a fuzzy approach, and an A-star method. The proposal is divided into two steps. Firstly, WSNs are separated into clusters using the Stable Election Protocol (SEP) method. Secondly, the combined methods of fuzzy inference and A-star algorithm are adopted, taking into account the factors such as the remaining power, the minimum hops, and the traffic numbers of nodes. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method has significant effectiveness in terms of balancing energy consumption as well as maximizing the network lifetime by comparing the performance of the A-star and fuzzy (AF) approach, cluster and fuzzy (CF)method, cluster and A-star (CA)method, A-star method, and SEP algorithm under the same routing criteria

Analysis of risk factors for recurrence in infertile endometrial cancer patients after in vitro fertilization treatment

PurposeTo investigate the oncologic outcomes of patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) treated with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) following fertility-sparing treatment (FST).MethodsA total of 62 patients who underwent IVF/ICSI treatment in a single fertility center between June 2010 and December 2021 after conservative treatment for early-stage EEC were assigned to a recurrence group and a non-recurrence group. Their clinical characteristics and disease outcomes were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsThe 62 women with complete remission (CR) after FST for EEC underwent 103 IVF cycles, resulting in 41 fresh embryo transfers (ETs) and 70 frozen–thawed transfers; 27 (43.55%) achieved clinical pregnancies, and 20 (32.26%) gave birth to a total of 23 live neonates. Additionally, nine patients had live births from natural pregnancies after IVF failure, bringing the cumulative live birth rate to 46.77% (29/62). After a median follow-up period of 53.88 months (range 20.2–127.5 months), 17 patients (27.42%) experienced recurrence within 2.8 to 57.9 months after the first controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). The probability of relapse at 1, 2, and 3 years after the initiation of COS was 14.52% (9/62), 21% (13/62), and 25.81% (16/62), respectively. Factors such as the time to CR, the time to IVF, the frequency of COS, maintenance treatment before IVF, and histology type were not found to significantly affect recurrence (p = 0.079, 0.182, 0.093, 0.267, and 0.41, respectively). Live births (hazard ratio (HR): 0.28, 95% CI: 0.082–0.962, p = 0.043) and the protocol of letrozole plus gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist/agonist used during IVF (HR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.011–0.882, p = 0.038) were identified as independent favorable factors for recurrence.ConclusionsLive birth was associated with decreased recurrence of EEC. Reducing estrogen levels during COS may serve to mitigate the risk of endometrial cancer recurrence