Yhteistoiminnallinen työskentely ja poikkitieteellisen asiantuntijuuden kehittyminen

Peer reviewe

Hoitaja sukupuolitautitartunnan saaneen asiakkaan ohjaajana : haaste hoitotyön ammattihenkilöille

Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli selvittää, mitä tutkimukset kertovat hoitohenkilöstön valmiuksista ohjata sukupuolitautitartunnan saanutta asiakasta ja miten hoitajien ohjausvalmiuksia tulisi kehittää. Opinnäytetyö on osa Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulun hanketta Naisten kokemuksia kohdunkaulan solumuutosten hoitoprosessista ja vaikutuksista elämään. Tätä opinnäytetyötä voidaan myös hyödyntää Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulun hankkeessa Seksuaaliterveyden edistämisen osaamisen kehittäminen metropolialueella ja hoitotyön koulutuksessa. Opinnäytetyö toteutettiin systemaattista kirjallisuuskatsausta soveltaen. Systemaattista kirjallisuuskatsausta varten tehtiin hakuja Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulun kirjaston tietokannoista, kuten Medicistä ja Ovidista. Aineisto koostui 10 alkuperäistutkimuksesta, kahdesta asiantuntija-artikkelista ja yhdestä systemaattisesta kirjallisuuskatsauksesta. Systemaattiseen kirjallisuuskatsaukseen valittu aineisto koostui pääasiassa kansainvälisistä tutkimusartikkeleista ja ne käsittelivät mm. eri-ikäisten sukupuolitautitartunnan saaneiden asiakkaiden kohtaamista ja hoitajan antamaa ohjausta. Systemaattisen kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla saatu aineisto analysoitiin soveltaen induktiivista sisällönanalyysia. Aineiston hakuprosessista laadittiin lisäksi taulukko ja valittu aineisto koottiin havaintomatriisiin. Katsauksessa tarkasteltujen tutkimusten mukaan hoitajilla on hyvät ohjausvalmiudet mutta kohdennetun lisäkoulutuksen avulla niitä voitaisiin kehittää edelleen. Erityisesti nuorten ja erityisryhmien, kuten huumeidenkäyttäjien ja maahanmuuttajien, kanssa työskennellessä kohdennetun lisäkoulutuksen tarve korostuu. Tulosten mukaan hoitajat kokivat seksuaaliterveyttä koskevien asioiden puheeksi oton vaikeaksi erityisesti nuorten asiakkaiden kohdalla. Lisäksi monikulttuurisuus asettaa haasteita terveydenhuoltoalan henkilöstölle sukupuolitautitartunnan saaneen asiakkaan ohjauksessa nyt ja tulevaisuudessa. Jatkossa suomalaisten sukupuolitautia sairastavien asiakkaiden ohjauksesta olisi hyvä tehdä tutkimusta koska suomenkielistä tutkimusta aiheesta löytyi niukalti. Lisäksi olisi hyvä perehtyä keski-ikäisen, sukupuolitautia sairastavan asiakkaan kokemuksiin saamastaan ohjauksesta.The purpose of this study was to find out what Finnish and International studies told about the competency of nursing staff when they provide counselling for clients with sexually transmitted disease (STD) and how their abilities to give counselling should be developed. This final project was part of a Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences project which handled women’s experiences of cellular changes in the cervix, treatment and effects on life. Moreover this final project may be utilised in another Metropolia project which handled development of know-how in sexual health promotion education and in the Helsinki Metropoli Area, Finland. As for methods, an applied systematic literature review was carried out. Searches were done by using databases of Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences. The material consisted of ten original researches, two specialist articles and one literary review. The material consisted mostly of international studies and dealt with subjects such as how to meet clients of different ages with STDs and counselling given by registered nurses. The material was analysed by applying the method of inductive content analysis. According to the results of the systematic literature review registered nurses had a good competency in counselling but, with further focused training, it could be improved further. Especially, when working with adolescents and special groups, such as drug abusers and immigrants, a need for focused education became more obvious. The registered nurses felt it was hard to begin conversations concerning sexual health issues with adolescents, especially. In addition, multiculturalism will increase challenges to health care professionals working with STD clients now and in future. Further research on the counselling that Finnish STD clients have received is needed because there is too little Finnish researches available at the moment. In addition, for health care workers, it would be good to familiarise with middle-aged clients’ experiences of received counselling

Male and female differences in health benefits derived from physical activity: implications for exercise prescription

Abstract: Males are consistently reported as more physically active than females regardless of age or measure. Often, this difference results in females identified as under active and at risk of longterm poor health outcomes. In this paper a different perspective drawing on evidence from many sources is offered. Males and females gain different health benefits according to the level, mode and intensity of the physical activity. Some potential ramifications of these gender differences in health benefits are evident in the prevalence of hypokinetic diseases across the life span and the interpretation of measured physical activity levels and intensities. By focusing on these differences, this papers highlights the need to take a more divergent view of what exercise really means, and how it provides health needs differently for males and females. We identified important implications for public policy and physical activity guidelines

Are strategies created differently based upon TMT gender diversity? : Examining the role of TMT gender diversity in strategy work

This thesis explores the role of top management team (TMT) gender diversity in firm’s strategy creation and strategy work. The aim is to explore whether differences exist between different managerial groups in this context. The study is conducted by using a multiple-case research design. The theoretical framework starts with introducing strategy process research stream continuing to strategy-as-practice perspective (SAP), which was applied in this study. Second, existing literature of top management team research is provided to create a basis for studying top management teams. Next, existing literature of TMT diversity is provided continuing to TMT gender diversity related literature. The empirical part of the study was conducted by using a multiple-case research design. The study consisted of three different cases. One, representing TMTs consisting mostly of women, second representing TMTs consisting mostly of men and third diverse group representing TMT consisting half of women and half of men. The data was collected by using a semi-structured interview technique and analyzed by using qualitative content analysis methods. As a result, although cases had many similarities, few differences existed. First, each case described themselves differently from each other by using different adjectives. Slightly more subtle adjectives were used by women compared to men’s more decisive word choices. Second, the differences existed in the participation of personnel in the strategy creation. The findings show that the participation was emphasized the most in the case representing gender diverse TMT in which personnel was strongly engaged with the strategy creation. Findings also indicate that decision-making in homogeneous TMTs, which consists of either men or women stood out more agile compared to diverse case. All cases stood out with their collective way of making decisions. Last, findings also pointed out that all cases utilized many different sources of data for strategic decision-making, emphasizing financial means. In addition, TMTs consisting mostly of women pointed out also the support of feelings and personal beliefs in decision-making

Participation in physical play and leisure : developing a theory- and evidence-based intervention for children with motor impairments

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Powerful disciplinary knowledge and the status of geography in Finnish upper secondary schools : Teachers' views on recent changes

The article examines the status of geography education within Finnish upper secondary schools. During the past few years, there have been many reforms which have affected how much geography ought to be taught and the teaching methods for doing so. In this article, the general aims of the upper secondary geography and content of the compulsory geography course are analysed from the perspective of powerful disciplinary knowledge. The empirical data set was collected through an online survey, which was filled out by 63 Finnish geography teachers in September 2017. The results show that even though the compulsory course in geography was regarded as being important and student-oriented, teachers felt that there were too many geographical phenomena to teach and too many time-consuming digital methods to be used. Teachers highlighted the importance of critical reflection and geographical thinking in the aims of geography curriculum, and they had a positive attitude towards emphasis on current issues in the compulsory course. Many respondents expressed their concern about the fragmented character and the illogical structure of the course. The compulsory course has its focus on global risks and therefore, students have to study the consequences before the causes. The required information on physical and human geography is studied later in optional specialisation courses, which the respondents saw as a major problem. Overall, even when the aims of the curriculum support the ideas of powerful geographical knowledge relatively well, limited time for studies in geography threatens students’ access to powerful knowledge in geography education.Peer reviewe

Working with physical therapists to develop and evaluate an evidence-based online module for Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD): bridging the knowledge-to-practice gap

Aims: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a chronic condition with potential negative health consequences. Clinicians working with children with DCD need access to tailored, synthesized, evidence-based DCD information; however a knowledge-to-practice gap exists. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate an evidence-based online DCD module tailored to physical therapists’ (PTs) identified needs. Methods: Guided by the Knowledge to Action framework, we interviewed PTs working with children with DCD (n=9) to identify their information needs. Their recommendations, along with synthesized DCD research evidence, informed module development. PTs (n=50) responded to scaled items and open-ended questions to evaluate module usefulness. Results: The module incorporated important PT DCD content areas including: 1) Identification; 2) Planning Interventions and Goals; 3) Evidence-Based Practice; 4) Management; and, 5) Resources. Case scenarios, clinical applications, interactive media, links to resources, and interactive learning opportunities were also embedded. PTs perceived the module to be comprehensive and useful and provided feedback to improve module navigation. Conclusions: Involving end-users throughout the development and evaluation of an online PT DCD module contributed to its relevance, applicability, and utility. The ongoing clinical use of this module may have the potential to improve the quality of PT DCD services