CONOCIMIENTOS SOBRE LAS REACCIONES POSTVACUNALES DE LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO - 2016

Objetivo: Determinar los conocimientos sobre las reacciones adversas postvacunales de los estudiantes de enfermería de la universidad de Huánuco 2016. Métodos: fue descriptivo: prospectivo observacional y transversal; realizado en la Universidad de Huánuco; la muestra estuvo conformada por 144 estudiante de enfermería. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante una encuesta, utilizando el cuestionario de conocimientos sobre las reacciones adversas postvacunales; y para el análisis de datos se utilizó; la estadística y el programa SPS versión 21. Resultados: Con respecto al conocimiento sobre las reacciones adversas postvacunales, el 100% (144) de los estudiantes de la escuela académica enfermería se presentó que un 75% (108) desconocen las reacciones postvacunales y que el 25.0%(36) conocen dicha reacción. y según la prueba de Chi cuadrada es significativo (x2=36.00) y (valor p a una cola =0.000], como p valor es < 0.05. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Huánuco en su mayoría desconoce, siendo en sus dimensiones el mayor porcentaje de desconocimiento sobre las reacciones adversas postvacunales sistémicas.Tesi

Nuclear power: What optimal contribution to the French electric power mix?

International audiencen the French context of increasing renewable penetration and significant nuclear power, the optimal contribution of this energy source is discussed from two viewpoints. On the one hand, from the social planner viewpoint, the nuclear optimum contribution is the one that minimizes the overall electric price, whatever the resulting load factor. The use of screening curves, often implemented to design the optimal power mix is questioned, being highly sensitive to the assumptions. On the other hand, from the plant operator viewpoint, the nuclear power plants need to amortize the capital expenses, hence achieve the longest operating time. With a view to make the two viewpoints meet, we propose to operate nuclear power plants as baseloads and consider modulation through the power use, i.e. supply electricity to the electric system when requested and use the remaining power to produce other valuable products, such as heat or hydrogen

Nuclear power fleet replacement: an opportunity for the French energy mix?

International audience– In France, 27% of the electricity is to be produced by renewable resources by 2020. This share is intended to grow continuously up to 2050. The recent European agreement and the French " energy transition law " will promote such a development. The French power system is characterized by high nuclear penetration and nuclear power is meant to remain a significant contributor in the medium and long term, as a low-carbon power source. More than half the French nuclear power fleet was installed in the late seventies / early eighties. Thus, the issue of its replacement is at the core of the French power mix issue. The objective of this paper is to provide some insights about the opportunity it enables for the energy mix. Two plausible replacement scenarios are developed and analyzed as regards the energy cost provided by nuclear power. For a given target level of nuclear installed capacities, the penetration of non-dispatchable renewables with dispatch priority will increase the need for nuclear power modulation at reduced average load factor. The impact of modulation on the nuclear levelized cost of electricity is assessed, according to the considered replacement scenario and for different renewable and nuclear energy penetration scenarios. Results show that, according to the selected assumptions, implementing a progressive shutdown (based on an increased operation lifetime of Nuclear Power Plants) appears a relevant choice since it both provides a lowest power production cost even at reduced average load factor to participate to load following and allows the possibility of " waiting " for choosing most sustainable technologies

Nuclear power: a promising back-up option to promote renewable penetration in the French power system? Topic: Renewable system integration

International audienceThe general 3X20 European directive proposes renewable penetration goals. In France, 27% of the electricity is to be produced by renewable resources by 2020 and this share will be continuously growing up to 2050. Among these resources, some-like wind and solar-are not dispatchable, which triggers challenges to maintain the reliability target level of the power system, both in the short and long term. Wind and solar are expected to contribute to about 12% of the French electricity production in 2020 and according to voluntaristic scenarios they could contribute to over 50% of the total electricity production by 2050. The increase of the non-dispatchable renewable share in the power system modifies the residual demand (which is equal to the demand minus non-dispatchable renewable production) pattern to more power ramping and higher variation amplitudes. To keep the system balanced, backup options are numerous, though scarcely considered exhaustively in power systems modelling. Besides peaking unit production-such as gas turbines-which is usually the preferred option, storage, demand (or supply) curtailment, interconnections and baseload (nuclear for instance) power modulation should also be considered, particularly in such a context of high non-dispatchable renewable penetration. In a French context of significant production of nuclear power, nuclear modulation is investigated as a feasible opportunity to facilitate renewable energy penetration. Available capacity is assessed based on realistic scenarios and through the use of residual load duration curves. The load modulation impact on the nuclear levelized cost of electricity is estimated, and nuclear backup option is compared to gas on economic and environmental terms. Gas backup is more competitive than nuclear in each of the studied scenarios, but including a carbon-tax could change the trends (as low as €20/tonCO2 in some cases). This advocates for such incentives to avoid the effective greenhouse gas release. Nuclear backup would be all the more competitive than power plants used are amortized

Nuclear and non-dispatchable renewables: two compatible supply options? The case of the French power mix

The complementary features of low-carbon power sources are a central issue in designing energy transition policies. The French current electricity mix is characterised by a high share of nuclear power which equalled 73% of the total electric production in 2013. With the increase of non-dispatchable renewable resources, nuclear flexibility is examined as part of the solution to balance electricity supply and demand. Our proposed methodology involves designing scenarios of nuclear and non-dispatchable renewable penetration levels, and developing residual load duration curves in each case. The load modulation impact on the nuclear production cost is estimated. This article shows to which extent the nuclear annual energy production will decrease with high shares of non-dispatchable renewables (down to load factors of 40% for proactive assumptions). However, the production cost increase could be compensated by implementing a progressive replacement of the plants. Besides, incentives proves required for nuclear to compete with combined cycle gas turbines as its alternative backup option. In order to make the social planner and plant operator goals coincide, the solution could be to find new outlets rather than reducing nuclear load factors. To conclude, nuclear flexibility could then be considered through the power use by producing heat or hydrogen

Multidrug resistance protein 4/ ATP binding cassette transporter 4: a new potential therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia

Less than a third of adults patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are cured by current treatments, emphasizing the need for new approaches to therapy. We previously demonstrated that besides playing a role in drug-resistant leukemia cell lines, multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4/ABCC4) regulates leukemia cell proliferation and differentiation through the endogenous MRP4/ABCC4 substrate, cAMP. Here, we studied the role of MRP4/ABCC4 in tumor progression in a mouse xenograft model and in leukemic stem cells (LSCs) differentiation. We found a decrease in the mitotic index and an increase in the apoptotic index associated with the inhibition of tumor growth when mice were treated with rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor) and/or probenecid (MRPs inhibitor). Genetic silencing and pharmacologic inhibition of MRP4 reduced tumor growth. Furthermore, MRP4 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vivo. Interestingly, when LSC population was isolated, we observed that increased cAMP levels and MRP4/ABCC4 blockade resulted in LSCs differentiation. Taken together, our findings show that MRP4/ABCC4 has a relevant role in tumor growth and apoptosis and in the eradication of LSCs, providing the basis for a novel promising target in AML therapy.Fil: Copsel, Sabrina Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; ArgentinaFil: Bruzzone, Ariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; ArgentinaFil: May, Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Beyrath, Julien. Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen; Países BajosFil: Wargon, Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Cany, Jeannette. Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen; Países BajosFil: Russel, Frans G. M.. Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen; Países BajosFil: Shayo, Carina Claudia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (i); Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Davio, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica; Argentin

Revving up natural killer cells and cytokine-induced killer cells against hematological malignancies

Natural killer (NK) cells belong to innate immunity and exhibit cytolytic activity against infectious pathogens and tumor cells. NK-cell function is finely tuned by receptors that transduce inhibitory or activating signals, such as killer immunoglobulin-like receptors, NK Group 2 member D (NKG2D), NKG2A/CD94, NKp46, and others, and recognize both foreign and self-antigens expressed by NK-susceptible targets. Recent insights into NK-cell developmental intermediates have translated into a more accurate definition of culture conditions for the in vitro generation and propagation of human NK cells. In this respect, interleukin (IL)-15 and IL-21 are instrumental in driving NK-cell differentiation and maturation, and hold great promise for the design of optimal NK-cell culture protocols. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells possess phenotypic and functional hallmarks of both T cells and NK cells. Similar to T cells, they express CD3 and are expandable in culture, while not requiring functional priming for in vivo activity, like NK cells. CIK cells may offer some advantages over other cell therapy products, including ease of in vitro propagation and no need for exogenous administration of IL-2 for in vivo priming. NK cells and CIK cells can be expanded using a variety of clinical-grade approaches, before their infusion into patients with cancer. Herein, we discuss GMP-compliant strategies to isolate and expand human NK and CIK cells for immunotherapy purposes, focusing on clinical trials of adoptive transfer to patients with hematological malignancies

DESC9115 Lab Report 1

The implementation of the Vibrato and Flanger effect by Oscar GonzalezArchitecture & Allied Art