Hafız Esad’ın Kararları: Olasılık Teorisi Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Hafez Assad, who ruled Syria for nearly 30 years, draws attention as an important leader in the political history of the country. Assad was not only a leader, but also the sole power in the country. The regime he built was shaped under the umbrella of the Baath party, and this party became the institutionalized version of Assad, as it were. After his death, the Baath regime continues with his son Bashar Assad in Syria, despite the Civil War environment. Hafez Assad’s ability to be this strong is owing to the decisions he made both in his personal life and in his political life Assad’s strategic decisions determined the future of Syria as well. Analyzes of leaders have drawn attention as one of the most important fields in political studies. Leadership studies are generally included in decision making theories. In this study, Assad’s decisions were analyzed from the perspective of prospect theory through analytical examples, Prospect theory is included in decision-making theories. As a result, it was determined that the important decisions Assad made in his life supported the assumptions of prospect theory

Optimization of different welding processes using statistical and numerical approaches – A reference guide

Welding input parameters play a very significant role in determining the quality of a weld joint. The joint quality can be defined in terms of properties such as weld-bead geometry, mechanical properties, and distortion. Generally, all welding processes are used with the aim of obtaining a welded joint with the desired weld-bead parameters, excellent mechanical properties with minimum distortion. Nowadays, application of design of experiment (DoE), evolutionary algorithms and computational network are widely used to develop a mathematical relationship between the welding process input parameters and the output variables of the weld joint in order to determine the welding input parameters that lead to the desired weld quality. A comprehensive literature review of the application of these methods in the area of welding has been introduced herein. This review was classified according to the output features of the weld, i.e. bead geometry and mechanical properties of the welds

Diş Hekimliğinde İndirekt Kompozit Rezinler

ÖZ Son yıllarda, adezyon teknolojisindeki gelişmeler, kavite preparasyon tekniklerindeki yeniliklerle beraber hekimlerin estetik ve uzun ömürlü restorasyonlara ilgisi artmış, bu sebeple birçok yeni restoratif materyal üretilmiştir. Bunlardan biri de indirekt kompozit rezinlerdir. İndirekt kompozitler, direk kompozitlere nazaran daha az polimerizasyon büzülmesi gösterir, aşınma direnci daha iyidir, daha ideal kontak oluşturur ve reaksiyona girmemiş artık monomer miktarı daha azdır. Ayrıca indirekt kompozitlerin ilave polimerizasyon teknikleriyle beraber mekanik özellikleri de geliştirilmiştir. Bütün bu avantajlarıyla beraber indirekt kompozit restorasyonlar, seramik restorasyonlara birer alternatif haline gelmiştir. Bu literatür derlemesinde, indirekt kompozitlerin gelişimi, kullanım alanları, mekanik ve fiziksel dezavantajları ele alınacaktır Anahtar Kelimeler : İndirekt kompozit rezin, İnley-onley , Polimerizasyon Indirect Composite Resins in Dentistry ABSTRACT In recent years, with the advances in adhesion technology and the innovations in cavity preparation techniques, the interest of physicians in aesthetic and long-lasting restorations has increased, so many new restorative materials have been produced. One of these is indirect composite resins. Indirect composites show less polymerization shrinkage, better abrasion resistance, more ideal contact, and less unreacted residual monomer than direct composites. In addition, the mechanical properties of indirect composites have been improved with additional polymerization techniques. With all these advantages, indirect composite restorations have become an alternative to ceramic restorations. In this review of literature, the development, usage areas, mechanical and physical disadvantages of indirect composites will be discussed

Enhanced strength and ductility in an additively manufactured Al10SiMg alloy at cryogenic temperatures

The increasing demand for lightweight materials that maintain mechanical integrity at ultralow temperatures has driven the development of advanced alloys for cryogenic applications. Additive manufacturing using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) offers a scalable approach to producing alloys with tailored properties. Here we show that LPBF-manufactured Al10SiMg alloy exhibits significant increase in ultimate tensile strength (395 MPa) and uniform elongation (25%) at an ultralow temperature of 15 K. The enhanced properties result from grain refinement, increased geometrically necessary dislocations, and stress partitioning between the Al matrix and the stiffer Si phase, which supports strain accommodation during deformation. The in-situ neutron diffraction revealed that the Si phase carries most of the load due to its higher yield strength, while the Al matrix experiences continuous strain hardening, enabling an extended deformation capacity. These findings highlight the potential of Al10SiMg for cryogenic applications such as hydrogen storage systems, aerospace components, and quantum computing hardware

Study of hysteretic thermoelectric behavior in photovoltaic materials using the finite element method, extended thermodynamics and inverse problems

The main objective of the present work is to develop and prove a theoretical explanation based on the Extended Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics (ENETs) for the hysteretical thermoelectric behavior observed in certain thin-film photovoltaic materials. The ENET introduces dissipative fluxes in the entropy balance that could explain this behavior. To verify this explanation from a numerical point of view, results are generated using a Finite Element (FE) formulation based on the ENET and already developed in previous publications by the authors. In addition, an identification Inverse Problem (IP) is formulated; a cost function is defined as the quadratic difference between experimental and numerical results and the IP is solved minimizing the cost function using genetic algorithms. The conclusion is that the loop-like distributions are due to energy dissipation introduced by dissipative fluxes that are closely related with relaxation times. Also, the FE-IP combination permits to find an approximated characterization of properties for several materials from single experimental curves. Finally, several numerical simulations are proposed for laboratory experiments to further validate the theoretical interpretation and to confirm the relation between relaxation times and hysteresis.This research was partially supported by the Grants CSD2008-00037 Canfranc Underground Physics, Excelencia Junta Andalucia P08-TEP-03641 and Polytechnic University of Valencia under programs PAID 02-11-1828 and 05-10-2674.Palma, R.; Pérez-Aparicio, JL.; Bravo, R. (2013). Study of hysteretic thermoelectric behavior in photovoltaic materials using the finite element method, extended thermodynamics and inverse problems. Energy Conversion and Management. 65(92):557-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.07.009S557563659

Site-Specific Fluorescence Polarization for Studying the Disaggregation of α-Synuclein Fibrils by Small Molecules

Fibrillar aggregates of the protein α-synuclein (αS) are one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease. Here, we show that measuring the fluorescence polarization (FP) of labels at several sites on αS allows one to monitor changes in the local dynamics of the protein after binding to micelles or vesicles, and during fibril formation. Most significantly, these site-specific FP measurements provide insight into structural remodeling of αS fibrils by small molecules and have the potential for use in moderate-throughput screens to identify small molecules that could be used to treat Parkinson’s disease. © 2016 American Chemical Society

Enhanced strength and ductility in an additively manufactured Al10SiMg alloy at cryogenic temperatures

The increasing demand for lightweight materials that maintain mechanical integrity at ultralow temperatures has driven the development of advanced alloys for cryogenic applications. Additive manufacturing using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) offers a scalable approach to producing alloys with tailored properties. Here we show that LPBF-manufactured Al10SiMg alloy exhibits significant increase in ultimate tensile strength (395 MPa) and uniform elongation (25%) at an ultralow temperature of 15 K. The enhanced properties result from grain refinement, increased geometrically necessary dislocations, and stress partitioning between the Al matrix and the stiffer Si phase, which supports strain accommodation during deformation. The in-situ neutron diffraction revealed that the Si phase carries most of the load due to its higher yield strength, while the Al matrix experiences continuous strain hardening, enabling an extended deformation capacity. These findings highlight the potential of Al10SiMg for cryogenic applications such as hydrogen storage systems, aerospace components, and quantum computing hardware

Fish sperm motility assessment as a tool for aquaculture research, a historical approach

[EN] Fish sperm motility is nowadays considered the best biomarker for the quality of fish spermatozoa, and sperm motion parameters from more than 300 fish species have been reported in more than 1500 scientific articles covering a wide range of topics, from molecular biology to ecology. The most studied topics have been (i) the sperm storage (involving both the use of chilled¿storage protocols for short¿term periods and sperm cryopreservation techniques for long¿term storage), (ii) the sperm physiology (fathom in the spermatozoa activation process and the whole propulsion machinery of the sperm cells) and (iii) the broodstock management (covering aspects such as rearing conditions, dietary requirements or hormonal induction treatments). In addition, other aquaculture and ecological topics, such as (iv) the knowledge of the breeding cycle of the species, (v) the phenomenon of the sperm competition and (vi) ecotoxicological studies for the evaluation of aquatic environments, have also been approached from the evaluation of sperm motion performance. Therefore, fish sperm motility assessment can serve as a potential tool for aquaculture and ecological purposes, covering key topics of fundamental and applied research. This review gives an overview of the major research areas in which fish sperm motility has been applied successfully.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 642893 (IMPRESS). VG has a postdoc grant from the UPV (PAID-10-16).Gallego Albiach, V.; Asturiano Nemesio, JF. (2018). Fish sperm motility assessment as a tool for aquaculture research, a historical approach. Reviews in Aquaculture (Online). 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12253S12