"Por un puñado de... táleros". Existencia y contenido empírico en F. H. Bradley

La discusión del concepto kantiano de existencia llevado a cabo por Hegel en la Ciencia de la lógica representa el intento de fundamentar una nueva lógica científica que, basándose en el método dialéctico, demuestre la coincidencia de forma y contenido del pensamiento y del ser. El ensayo compara esta posición con el punto de vista del neohegeliano Bradley, quien discute el mismo concepto para desarrollar una doctrina completamente diferente: un monismo absoluto en el cual existir significa “existir como apariencia” y donde el pensamiento puro se transforma en una quimera. El análisis se transforma entonces en la pregunta “¿puede Bradley ser considerado auténticamente hegeliano?”, cuya respuesta es negativa. Hegel's discussion of the kantian concept of existence can be considered as the exemplification of the new scientific logic grounded on the the dialectical method. This approach, which finds its full exposition in the Wissenschaft der Logik, aims to demonstrate the identity of form and content, thought and being. The article contrasts this position with Bradley's point of view, which starts from the same analysis but carries out a different doctrine: an absolute monism where existing means “to exist as an appearance” and which refuses the concept of pure thought. The interrogation whether Bradley can be considered authentically Hegelian is the core of the article, whose purpose is to give a negative answer to it. uced to the sphere of logos. It is precisely in this sense that the notion of perspicuous vision – in its turn strictly connected with the notion of seeing-as – should be understood: a capability to comprehend, i.e. to grasp, the unity within the multiplicity of linguistic games. It is by seeing- as that it is possible to seize, in the visibility of the image, what remains invisible in it. The fact, then, that in the image the invisible offers itself in the visible, while remaining invisible, means that the image manifests a unity of sense which always remains “other” from the image, something that exceeds it. This is indeed what enables the image to configure itself – according to a line of thought running from Nietzsche to Adorno – as a constantly unstable equilibrium between visible and invisible, transparency and opacity, presence and absence

Considerazioni sull’interoperabilità tra modelli BIM e l’analisi strutturale degli edifici storici

L’introduzione a larga scala di nuove tecnologie come il “Terrestrial Laser Scanner” (TLS) e tecniche di fotogrammetria digitale hanno reso possibile la documentazione veloce ed efficiente della geometria degli edifici esistenti, anche particolarmente complessi, dando l’opportunità di creare modelli tridimensionali molto dettagliati. La grande quantità di dati che ne deriva, può e deve essere sfruttata all’interno della nuova tecnologia BIM per creare il modello dell’edificio, capace di includere diversi livelli di studio: architettonico, strutturale, gestionale, etc. In questo studio sono riportate alcune considerazioni sulla tecnologia BIM finalizzate alla creazione di un modello contenente diversi tipi d’informazione e correttamente esportabili in software specializzati nell’analisi strutturale. Sembra ovvio poter affermare che un modello strutturale accurato, anche se semplificato,debba rappresentare correttamente l'edificio da analizzare e deve predire meccanismi di collasso realistici. Il dispendio di risorse necessario a ricreare il modello geometrico per tali analisi dovrebbe oggi essere superato dalle possibilità offerte dalla tecnologia BIM di fornire già il modello geometrico opportunamente esportato nei formati necessari ai software di calcolo. Tale opportunità è ancora più importante quanto più è complesso l’edificio da analizzare, come il caso del patrimonio storico-architettonico esistente. Per verificare questa delicata fase di passaggio da una tecnologia BIM ad uno strumento di analisi strutturale, che può definirsi come una verifica di interoperabilità, Autodesk Revit è stato scelto per esplorare le possibilità del modello BIM, invece per l’analisi strutturale sono stati provati due software noti come CSI SAP2000 v16.0 e Simulia Abaqus 6.11. Sono stati creati due modelli geometrici semplici che rappresentano due tipologie molto diffuse di edifici storici: una schiera costituita da tre unità strutturali semplici, a due piani con aperture sui due lati, e una chiesa con pilastri isolati e abside circolare. I formati di esportazione verificati sono .IFC, ACIS (.sat) e .ERX. Si riportano qui alcune considerazioni,descrivendo le difficoltà e le limitazioni del procedimento che ognuno di questi formati fornisce. Infine si riporta un caso di studio reale, dove la procedura dalla tecnologia BIM all’analisi strutturale è potuta avvenire con successo, dimostrando che, con le dovute attenzioni, è possibile usare il modello BIM per le verifiche strutturali su edifici storici, permettendo di ricorrere anche alle verifiche più complesse come quelle non lineari

Reducing the Loss of Built Heritage in Seismic Areas

The presence of the largest part ofWorld Heritage sites in a seismically-prone area, like Italy, demands always greater measures to protect the most important built heritage, as well as the minor architecture. This requires a constant improvement of the current protocol from the damage survey and the provisional safety measures to the final intervention. This procedure is summarized, briefly, here and additional practical suggestions are given to improve the activities, based on the experience of on-site volunteers during the damage survey after the earthquake that struck Italy in 2016. Basic issues on the recurrent characteristics of historic masonry buildings, that make them often complex constructions with unexpected behaviour, are fundamental in the preparation of the volunteers in surveying damage. This helps in reducing evaluation mistakes and in designing the provisional safety structures aimed at the preservation of built heritage to the extent possible. Some examples of incorrect interpretation of the damage in historic buildings are reported here. In conclusion, only the awareness that it is necessary that a correct understanding of the recurrent or, on the contrary, peculiar, characteristics of a historic building plays a key role in the damage evaluation and in its subsequent protection from further damage

Desafíos de las educadoras de párvulos que enseñan en aulas hospitalarias de Santiago de Chile

Tesis (Educación Parvularia, Licenciado en Educación)La pedagogía hospitalaria se desarrolla dentro de un contexto diferente al de un aula regular, ya que dentro de ellas se encuentran estudiantes que padecen enfermedades catastróficas, en donde deben paralelamente vivenciar el diagnóstico que sufren junto con los aprendizajes diarios necesarios para evitar un desfase en su proceso educativo. La siguiente investigación tiene como fin entregar información y resultados sobre los desafíos que deben enfrentar las educadoras de párvulos que ejercen dentro de aulas hospitalarias en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile, de este modo se comienza realizando una revisión teórica a cerca de la pedagogía hospitalaria, la formación docente y las metodologías utilizadas dentro de ellas. La investigación metodológicamente se configura como cualitativa, utilizando como instrumentos investigativos entrevistas semi-estructuradas en profundidad a experto, las cuales fueron analizados orientando los objetivos planteados dentro de la problematización, entregando como resultados finales los siguientes temas el desarrollo de las emociones dentro del contexto hospitalario, el currículum dentro del aula y la formación académica de los educadores/as de párvulos

When the strengthening of historic masonry buildings should be carried out in different phases: the structural reinforcement and monitoring of the Lombard-Romanesque church of Saint Bassiano, in Pizzighettone (CR), Italy

An adequate approach to study the historic masonry buildings must begin with the knowledge and understanding of its structural logic with all its specific peculiarities and vulnerable points, given first by its historic constructive evolution and transformations and then to external causes. Also the global survey of the damage can highlight part of those transformations together with the localization of the most damaged areas. Monitoring selected cracks over time can be very useful to assess the evolution of the damage, avoiding collapses, and to understand the damage causes, useful to design the conservation plan. The accurate intervention of repair and strengthening of the parish church of San Bassiano in Pizzighettone, Cremona, Italy is here presented, where the crack monitoring was carried out to evaluate the partial structural intervention plan, to organize the next intervention phase, anticipating the urgent ones and delaying others, in order to leave open the church to the faithful

Measurements and optimization of the light yield of a TeO2_2 crystal

Bolometers have proven to be good instruments to search for rare processes because of their excellent energy resolution and their extremely low intrinsic background. In this kind of detectors, the capability of discriminating alpha particles from electrons represents an important aspect for the background reduction. One possibility for obtaining such a discrimination is provided by the detection of the Cherenkov light which, at the low energies of the natural radioactivity, is only emitted by electrons. This paper describes the method developed to evaluate the amount of light produced by a crystal of TeO$_2$ when hit by a 511 keV photon. The experimental measurements and the results of a detailed simulation of the crystal and the readout system are shown and compared. A light yield of about 52 Cherenkov photons per deposited MeV was measured. The effect of wrapping the crystal with a PTFE layer, with the aim of maximizing the light collection, is also presented

High-throughput analysis of the RNA-induced silencing complex in myotonic dystrophy type 1 patients identifies the dysregulation of miR-29c and its target ASB2

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multi-systemic disorder caused by abnormally expanded stretches of CTG DNA triplets in the DMPK gene, leading to mutated-transcript RNA-toxicity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that, after maturation, are loaded onto the RISC effector complex that destabilizes target mRNAs and represses their translation. In DM1 muscle biopsies not only the expression, but also the intracellular localization of specific miRNAs is disrupted, leading to the dysregulation of the relevant mRNA targets. To investigate the functional alterations of the miRNA/target interactions in DM1, we analyzed by RNA-sequencing the RISC-associated RNAs in skeletal muscle biopsies derived from DM1 patients and matched controls. The mRNAs found deregulated in DM1 biopsies were involved in pathways and functions relevant for the disease, such as energetic metabolism, calcium signaling, muscle contraction and p53-dependent apoptosis. Bioinformatic analysis of the miRNA/mRNA interactions based on the RISC enrichment profiles, identified 24 miRNA/mRNA correlations. Following validation in 21 independent samples, we focused on the couple miR-29c/ASB2 because of the role of miR-29c in fibrosis (a feature of late-stage DM1 patients) and of ASB2 in the regulation of muscle mass. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the direct interaction between miR-29c and ASB2. Moreover, decreased miR-29c and increased ASB2 levels were verified also in immortalized myogenic cells and primary fibroblasts, derived from biopsies of DM1 patients and controls. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of CTG expansions rescued normal miR-29c and ASB2 levels, indicating a direct link between the mutant repeats and the miRNA/target expression. In conclusion, functionally relevant miRNA/mRNA interactions were identified in skeletal muscles of DM1 patients, highlighting the dysfunction of miR-29c and ASB2

New application of superconductors: high sensitivity cryogenic light detectors

In this paper we describe the current status of the CALDER project, which is developing ultra-sensitive light detectors based on superconductors for cryogenic applications. When we apply an AC current to a superconductor, the Cooper pairs oscillate and acquire kinetic inductance, that can be measured by inserting the superconductor in a LC circuit with high merit factor. Interactions in the superconductor can break the Cooper pairs, causing sizable variations in the kinetic inductance and, thus, in the response of the LC circuit. The continuous monitoring of the amplitude and frequency modulation allows to reconstruct the incident energy with excellent sensitivity. This concept is at the basis of Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs), that are characterized by natural aptitude to multiplexed read-out (several sensors can be tuned to different resonant frequencies and coupled to the same line), resolution of few eV, stable behavior over a wide temperature range, and ease in fabrication. We present the results obtained by the CALDER collaboration with 2x2 cm2 substrates sampled by 1 or 4 Aluminum KIDs. We show that the performances of the first prototypes are already competitive with those of other commonly used light detectors, and we discuss the strategies for a further improvement

Characterization of the KID-Based Light Detectors of CALDER

The aim of the Cryogenic wide-Area Light Detectors with Excellent Resolution (CALDER) project is the development of light detectors with active area of $5\times5$ cm$^2$ and noise energy resolution smaller than 20 eV RMS, implementing phonon-mediated kinetic inductance detectors. The detectors are developed to improve the background suppression in large-mass bolometric experiments such as CUORE, via the double read-out of the light and the heat released by particles interacting in the bolometers. In this work, we present the characterization of the first light detectors developed by CALDER. We describe the analysis tools to evaluate the resonator parameters (resonant frequency and quality factors) taking into account simultaneously all the resonance distortions introduced by the read-out chain (as the feed-line impedance and its mismatch) and by the power stored in the resonator itself. We detail the method for the selection of the optimal point for the detector operation (maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio). Finally, we present the response of the detector to optical pulses in the energy range of 0-30 keV