Zoning New York City to Provide Low and Moderate Income Housing - Can Commercial Developers Be Made to Help?

Lower income New York City residents are faced with a housing emergency. Concurrently, commercial and luxury residential development is expanding. New York is considering adopting an approach to the housing shortage which has been taken in several other cities. The plan advocates amendment of the City\u27s zoning ordinance to require developers of commercial and luxury residential projects to provide the City with lower income housing units. This Note examines the proposed requirement that commercial developers provide lower income housing units. It addresses the question of the validity of such a requirement in the context of New York City\u27s statutory authority to use zoning ordinances to place conditions upon proposed development projects. By analogy to the limitations on this authority, this Note recommends a shift in emphasis to bring such a program into compliance with New York law

Zoning New York City to Provide Low and Moderate Income Housing - Can Commercial Developers Be Made to Help?

Lower income New York City residents are faced with a housing emergency. Concurrently, commercial and luxury residential development is expanding. New York is considering adopting an approach to the housing shortage which has been taken in several other cities. The plan advocates amendment of the City\u27s zoning ordinance to require developers of commercial and luxury residential projects to provide the City with lower income housing units. This Note examines the proposed requirement that commercial developers provide lower income housing units. It addresses the question of the validity of such a requirement in the context of New York City\u27s statutory authority to use zoning ordinances to place conditions upon proposed development projects. By analogy to the limitations on this authority, this Note recommends a shift in emphasis to bring such a program into compliance with New York law

A study of the English translations of Goethe's Faust

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Illinois, 1908.Typescript.Includes bibliographical references

Use of metal catalysts bearing Schiff base macrocycles for the ring opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters

© 2017 by the authors. Schiff base macrocycles are emerging as useful scaffolds for binding two or more catalytic metals in close proximity. Such coordination chemistry allows for the evaluation of potentially beneficial catalytic cooperative effects. In the field of ring opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters, only a handful of metal systems bound by Schiff base [2 + 2] type macrocycles have been studied. Nevertheless, results to date have, for certain metals, identified some interesting structure activity relationships, whilst for other systems results have revealed particular combinations of metals and macrocycles to be virtually inactive. This perspective review takes a look at two types of recently-reported Schiff base macrocycles that have been employed as pro-ligands in the metal-catalyzed ROP of cyclic esters, specifically ε-caprolactone and rac-lactide

High pressure viscosity measurement with falling body type viscometers

With the increasing number of applications of high pressure chemical and process technologies across a range of engineering fields, there is a corresponding growing interest in the need to measure accurately and reliably important rheological parameters. Of these, the measurement of good and reliable viscosity data is critical in engineering design. The ability to measure viscosity at high pressure, however, presents a number of engineering challenges and a number of innovative viscometers have consequently been devised and operated. This review considers those devices which are based on the falling body principle and considers falling ball, cylinder and needle in open and closed systems. Viscosity is determined from the rate of fall and the usual challenge is to detect its position during descent. While reliable data can be obtained from these viscometers, there is a discrepancy between theoretical values and actual values. This is the result of end effects in the form of vortices, wake oscillations and hedding. Calibration is therefore necessary in all cases. Improvements to analytical models have been attempted and computation fluid dynamics is also used to examine in more detail the flow fields around bodies to understand and appreciate better the performance of these viscometers

Pilot Andy Bachner’s account of the 1964 Alaska earthquake

On Friday, March 27, 1964, at about 4:30pm, a 22-year-old pilot named Andy Bachner took off from Fairbanks International Airport on a training flight for Wien Airlines. Alongside Bachner in the single-engine Tri-Pacer plane was the flight instructor, Don Edgar Jonz. Their instrument training flight took them into the clouds and north of Fairbanks 100 miles, in the vicinity of Beaver Creek. Approximately one hour into the flight, Bachner and Jonz abruptly lost all communication with the ground. Fearing a nuclear strike on Eielson and expecting to see Soviet fighter jets, Bachner continued to fly for approximately 30 minutes until fuel was a consideration, prompting them to return to Fairbanks. Upon landing back at Fairbanks, Bachner and Jonz learned about the catastrophic earthquake in southern Alaska. Jonz was asked by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to pilot a flight to southern Alaska to survey the earthquake and tsunami damage. Jonz invited Bachner to pilot the plane, allowing Bachner to gain additional instrument training. The two men boarded a Twin Bonanza plane owned by Frontier Flying Service and were provided with a fancy radio. They flew for approximately six hours that night . They live-radioed what they saw in the twilight, fire light, and light of the full moon, while surveying Anchorage, Whittier, Valdez, and Cordova, and then landing back in Fairbanks early March 28th. On Friday, March 27, 1964, at 5:36pm local time, a magnitude 9.2 earthquake struck south-central Alaska. The earthquake devastated Anchorage with its shaking, and it devastated coastal communities with its tsunami. To date, this was the second largest earthquake ever recorded on Earth (1960 magnitude 9.5 in Chile).This collection contains: (1) a pdf of the annotated text and (2) the unedited audio file of the full interview. The edited video interview can be seen on youtube at https://youtu.be/vVIgbBFwaj