Nutritional status in Turkish cystic fibrosis patients

Digitalitzat per Artypla

Systematic review of allelic exchange experiments aimed at identifying mutations that confer drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

First published online: September 20, 2013BACKGROUND: Improving our understanding of the relationship between the genotype and the drug resistance phenotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis will aid the development of more accurate molecular diagnostics for drug-resistant tuberculosis. Studies that use direct genetic manipulation to identify the mutations that cause M. tuberculosis drug resistance are superior to associational studies in elucidating an individual mutation's contribution to the drug resistance phenotype. METHODS: We systematically reviewed the literature for publications reporting allelic exchange experiments in any of the resistance-associated M. tuberculosis genes. We included studies that introduced single point mutations using specialized linkage transduction or site-directed/in vitro mutagenesis and documented a change in the resistance phenotype. RESULTS: We summarize evidence supporting the causal relationship of 54 different mutations in eight genes (katG, inhA, kasA, embB, embC, rpoB, gyrA and gyrB) and one intergenic region (furA-katG) with resistance to isoniazid, the rifamycins, ethambutol and fluoroquinolones. We observed a significant role for the strain genomic background in modulating the resistance phenotype of 21 of these mutations and found examples of where the same drug resistance mutations caused varying levels of resistance to different members of the same drug class. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review highlights those mutations that have been shown to causally change phenotypic resistance in M. tuberculosis and brings attention to a notable lack of allelic exchange data for several of the genes known to be associated with drug resistance.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (SFRH/BD/33902/2009 to H. N.-G.), the National Institutes of Health/Fogarty International Center (1K01 TW009213 to K.R.J.), departmental funds of the pulmonary division of Massachusetts General Hospital to M. R. F. and the National Institutes of Health/NIAID (U19 A1076217 to M.B.M.)

December (2013) Res

Abstract In vitro plant regeneration and daughter corm formation of saffron (Crocus sativus L.

Can Flashbulb Memory Characteristics Predict Prototypicality in Social Representations? A Study on a Turkish Sample's Recollections of the 2016 Coup Attempt

In contrast to the mainstream assumption that flashbulb memories (FBM) of social events should be evaluated as autobiographical memories, some researchers have recently suggested that they may also have various social functions. This study aimed to investigate the July 15th, 2016 coup attempt in Turkey as an example of negative FBM and a social representation (SR) by using both quantitative and qualitative data. Participants (N = 343) responded to an online survey that included questions measuring the quality of their memories and the hierarchical evocations of the coup attempt. It was found that memories of this event had the basic characteristics of FBM. Strong and weak FBM groups differed from each other on phenomenological aspects of rehearsal (social sharing and rumination) and vividness (visual relieving). Findings also showed that, compared to the weak FBM group, participants who were in the strong FBM group reported more evocations from the central core of the general social representation, whereas they did not differ in terms of the evocations from the periphery and the total social representation. Regression analyses showed that the variance in the number of evocations from the central core of the social representation was predicted by the phenomenological aspect of surprise and emotional valence. For the total number of evocations, however, surprise was the only predictor among the phenomenological aspects. Interestingly, age was not a significant predictor of the quality of the FBM, whereas it predicted significant variance in the number of evocations from the central core and the total evocations

Preoperative Red Cell Distribution Width and 30-day mortality in older patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort observational study

Increased red cell distribution width (RDW) is associated with poorer outcomes in various patient populations. We investigated the association between preoperative RDW and anaemia on 30-day postoperative mortality among elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Medical records of 24,579 patients aged 65 and older who underwent surgery under anaesthesia between 1 January 2012 and 31 October 2016 were retrospectively analysed. Patients who died within 30 days had higher median RDW (15.0%) than those who were alive (13.4%). Based on multivariate logistic regression, in our cohort of elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery, moderate/severe preoperative anaemia (aOR 1.61, p = 0.04) and high preoperative RDW levels in the 3rd quartile (>13.4% and ≤14.3%) and 4th quartile (>14.3%) were significantly associated with increased odds of 30-day mortality - (aOR 2.12, p = 0.02) and (aOR 2.85, p = 0.001) respectively, after adjusting for the effects of transfusion, surgical severity, priority of surgery, and comorbidities. Patients with high RDW, defined as >15.7% (90th centile), and preoperative anaemia have higher odds of 30-day mortality compared to patients with anaemia and normal RDW. Thus, preoperative RDW independently increases risk of 30-day postoperative mortality, and future risk stratification strategies should include RDW as a factor

Hyperkalemia in heart failure patients with renal dysfunction in real life clinical practice: Results from TREAT HF Study

[Anstract Not Available

Prevalence of hyperkalemia in patients with chronic heart failure in real life clinical practice: Results from TREAT HF Study

[Anstract Not Available