Hybrid materials based on polyethylene and MCM-41 microparticles functionalized with silanes: catalytic aspects of in situ polymerization, crystalline features and mechanical properties

New nanocomposites based on polyethylene have been prepared by in situ polymerization of ethylene in presence of mesoporous MCM-41. The polymerization reactions were performed using a zirconocene catalyst either under homogenous conditions or supported onto mesoporous MCM-41 particles, which are synthesized and decorated post-synthesis with two silanes before polymerization in order to promote an enhanced interfacial adhesion. The existence of polyethylene chains able to crystallize within the mesoporous channels in the resulting nanocomposites is figured out from the small endothermic process, located at around 80 C, on heating calorimetric experiments, in addition to the main melting endotherm. These results indicate that polyethylene macrochains can grow up during polymerization either outside or inside the MCM-41 channels, these keeping their regular hexagonal arrangements. Mechanical response is observed to be dependent on the content in mesoporous MCM-41 and on the crystalline features of polyethylene. Accordingly, stiffness increases and deformability decreases in the nanocomposites as much as MCM-41 content is enlarged and polyethylene amount within channels is raised. Ultimate mechanical performance improves with MCM-41 incorporation without varying the final processing temperature

UHMWPE/SBA-15 nanocomposites synthesized by in situ polymerization

Different nanocomposites have been attained by in situ polymerization based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and mesoporous SBA-15, this silica being used for immobilization of the FI catalyst bis [N-(3-tert-butylsalicylidene)-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoroanilinato] titanium (IV) dichloride and as filler as well. Two distinct approaches have been selected for supporting the FI catalyst on the SBA-15 prior polymerization. A study on polymerization activity of this catalyst has been performed under homogenous conditions and upon heterogenization. A study of the effect of presence of mesoporous particles and of the immobilization method is also carried out. Moreover, the thermal characterization, phase transitions and mechanical response of some pristine UHMWPEs and UHMWPE/SBA-15 materials have been carried out. Relationships with variations on molar mass, impregnation method of catalyst and final SBA-15 content have been established

Caracterización por espectroscopía IR de cambios estructurales del poli(ácido láctico) en presencia de agua. Efecto de la incorporación de arcillas

En los últimos años ha aumentado de forma significativa el interés en el poli(ácido láctico) (PLA) debido, entre otros factores, a que es un polímero obtenido de fuentes renovables que se degrada en productos no tóxicos, como el ácido láctico, y a que es biocompatible. Estas características hacen que este polímero tenga aplicaciones importantes en biomedicina y en otros campos como, por ejemplo, en el de la fabricación de envases para contener alimentos. En las aplicaciones citadas, el PLA está en contacto con el agua presente en los fluidos corporales o en los alimentos. Por ello, es de gran importancia conocer cómo la interacción entre PLA y agua puede afectar a la estructura del polímero, ya que variaciones en dicha estructura pueden suponer cambios importantes en las propiedades mecánicas y ópticas del material. Por otra parte, se han desarrollado materiales nanoestructurados, de PLA con diferentes nanoarcillas en los últimos años que han conducido a una mejora de algunas propiedades, como la resistencia mecánica, la protección frente a la luz UV y las propiedades de barrera. Estas mejoras incrementan las prestaciones de estos nanocomposites en el envasado de alimentos. La cuestión es, ahora, cómo estas nanoparticulas pueden afectar al comportamiento del material en presencia de agua. El objetivo de la presente investigación es, por tanto, estudiar los cambios estructurales experimentados por PLA en presencia de agua y el efecto de las arcillas en dichos cambios

UHMWPE/HDPE in-reactor blends, prepared by in situ polymerization: synthetic aspects and characterization

This work covers the synthesis and characterization of in-reactor Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/ High Density Polyethylene, UHMWPE/HDPE, blends by in situ polymerization in a single reactor, through dual catalyst immobilization. These blends are synthesized combining two different catalysts (one for each targeted molar mass) co-immobilized in mesoporous Santa Barbara Amorphous, SBA-15, particles. First, the ethylene polymerization behavior is investigated, under different polymerization conditions. Then, studies on the thermal, mechanical and rheological characteristics of the produced in-reactor blends are presented and their performance is compared and discussed in a comprehensive way. Moreover, the effect of different filler contents on the properties exhibited by the resulting materials is investigated. Results have shown that these in-reactor UHMWPE/HDPE blends exhibit a complex thermal, mechanical and rheological behavior, which depends mainly on the proportion between the two polymer components and on the amount of SBA-15.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mezclas poliméricas cristal líquido/olefinas: morfología y propiedades de transporte

Se han preparado mezclas con diferentes composiciones a partir de un copolímero de etileno-1-octeno, sintetizado con un catalizador de tipo metaloceno y un polímero cristal líquido. La caracterizción estructural y morfológica de las películas obtenidas se realizó mediante difracción de rayos X, calorimetría diferencial de barrido y microscopía electrónica de barrido, mientras que el estudio de las propiedades físicas se ha llevado a cabo mediante análisis mecanodinámico, microdureza y ensayos esfuerzo-deformación, poniendo especial énfasis a la evaluación de sus propiedades de transporte de oxígeno

Search for Manifestations of New Physics in Fermion-Pair Production at LEP

The measurements of hadron and lepton-pair production cross sections and leptonic forward-backward asymmetries performed with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between 130 GeV and 189 GeV are used to search for new physics phenomena such as: contact interactions, exchange of virtual leptoquarks, scalar quarks and scalar neutrinos, effects of TeV strings in models of quantum gravity with large extra dimensions and non-zero sizes of the fermions. No evidence for these phenomena is found and new limits on their parameters are set

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at 95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE

Measurement of Exclusive rho^0 rho^0 Production in Two-Photon Collisions at High Q^2 at LEP

Exclusive rho rho production in two-photon collisions involving a single highly virtual photon is studied with data collected at LEP at centre-of-mass energies 89GeV < \sqrt{s} < 209GeV with a total integrated luminosity of 854.7pb^-1 The cross section of the process gamma gamma^* -> rho rho is determined as a function of the photon virtuality, Q^2 and the two-photon centre-of-mass energy, Wgg, in the kinematic region: 1.2GeV^2 < Q^2 < 30GeV^2 and 1.1GeV < Wgg < 3GeV