Beyond Sentinel Lymph Node: Outcomes of Indocyanine Green-Guided Pelvic Lymphadenectomy in Endometrial and Cervical Cancer

Background: The aim of our study was to compare the number of lymph nodes removed during indocyanine green (ICG)-guided laparoscopic/robotic pelvic lymphadenectomy with standard systematic lymphadenectomy in endometrial cancer (EC) and cervical cancer (CC). Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective comparative study (Clinical Trial ID: NCT04246580; updated on 31 January 2023). Women affected by EC and CC who underwent laparoscopic/robotic systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy, with (cases) or without (controls) the use of ICG tracer injection within the uterine cervix, were included in the study. Results: The two groups were homogeneous for age (p = 0.08), Body Mass Index, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages (p = 0.41 for EC; p = 0.17 for CC), median estimated blood loss (p = 0.76), median operative time (p = 0.59), and perioperative complications (p = 0.66). Nevertheless, the number of lymph nodes retrieved during surgery was significantly higher (p = 0.005) in the ICG group (n = 18) compared with controls (n = 16). Conclusions: The accurate and precise dissection achieved with the use of the ICG-guided procedure was associated with a higher number of lymph nodes removed in the case of systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy for EC and CC

Role of minimally invasive surgery versus open approach in patients with early-stage uterine carcinosarcomas: a retrospective multicentric study

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare surgical and survival outcome in only patients with early-stage UCSs managed by laparotomic surgery (LPT) versus minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Methods: Data were retrospectively collected in four Italian different institutions. Inclusion criteria were UCS diagnosis confirmed by the definitive histological examination, and stage I or II according to the FIGO staging system. Results: Between August 2000 and March 2019, the data relative to 170 patients bearing UCSs were collected: of these, 95 were defined as early-stage disease (stage I-II) based on the histological report at the primary surgery, and thus were included in this study. Forty-four patients were managed by LPT, and 51 patients were managed by MIS. The operative time was lower in the MIS group versus the LPT group (p value 0.021); the median estimated blood loss was less in the MIS group compared to the median of LPT group (p value < 0.0001). The length of hospital stay days was shorter in the MIS patients (p value < 0.0001). Overall, there were eight (8.4%) post-operative complications; of these, seven were recorded in the LPT group versus one in the MIS group (p value 0.023). There was no difference in the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) between the two groups. Conclusion: There was no difference of oncologic outcome between the two approaches, in face of a more favourable peri-operative and post-operative profile in the MIS group

EP1194 Primary vaginal leiomyosarcoma: a case report with complete morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Introduction/Background Primary vaginal leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are rare, recurrent tumours with an unknown etiology; the prognosis is poor and there is no consensus guideline on their management. A nodular, 25 x 23 x 28 mm-mass, infiltrating the urethra but not the rectovaginal septum, was found in a 58-year-old previously hysterectomized woman. A biopsy showed a LMS of the vagina and an anterior pelvic exenteration was performed. Methodology The sample was fixed and prepared for light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. An immunohistochemical analysis was performed. Results The results confirmed a LMS of the vagina that was positive for vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, caldesmon, desmin, p16 and p53. Light microscopy revealed that the mass contained a storiform pattern of spindle-shaped cells with blunt-ended nuclei. Cells were arranged in interwoven fascicles within a dense and richly vascularised stroma, suggesting an active neoangiogenesis. The histopathological analysis revealed a coagulative focal necrosis and low to moderate mitotic indexes, about 1–4/10 high power fields (HPF). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) evidenced a dense collagenous stroma with numerous small blood vessels. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) showed invasive neoplastic and pleomorphic cells with complex labyrinthic cytoplasm projections. Tumoral cells contained paranuclear crowds of dilated mitochondria, free ribosomes and a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. There were atypical mitotic figures. Blood vessels were usually lined by a high and reactive endothelium. Conclusion The histopathological and ultrastructural analyses confirmed the malignancy of this tumor. Best outcomes occur when the tumour is small, localized, and can be removed surgically with wide, clear margins, as in this case. As there are different kinds of malignant mesenchymal tumours, biopsy followed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy still represents a good diagnostic choice. Disclosure Nothing to disclos

Primary vaginal leiomyosarcoma: a case report with complete morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

Objective: Primary vaginal leiomyosarcomas (LMS) are rare, easily recurrent tumours with an unknown etiology; the prognosis is poor and there is no consensus guideline on their management. Case report: A nodular, 25 × 23 x 28 mm-mass, infiltrating the urethra, was found in a 58-year-old woman. A biopsy showed a LMS of the vagina that was positive for vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, caldesmon, desmin, p16 and p53. An anterior pelvic exenteration was performed. The sample was fixed and prepared for light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, confirming the diagnosis of LMS. Conclusions: Best outcomes occur when the tumour is small, localized, and can be removed surgically with wide, clear margins, as in this case. As there are different kinds of malignant mesenchymal tumours, biopsy followed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy still represents a good diagnostic choice and surgical resection is generally the gold standard in these cases

The importance of accurate evaluation of the adnexa to diagnose a heterotopic pregnancy. a retrospective case-series

Heterotopic pregnancy is the contemporary presence of intrauterine and ectopic (most frequently tubal) pregnancy. This condition is rare; yet, recently, it has been reported increasingly, due to diffusion of both assisted reproduction techniques and pelvic inflammatory disease following sexually transmitted infections. Although difficult, diagnosis is crucial. Currently, diagnosis is most frequently posed at ultrasound, provided that accurate evaluation of adnexa is performed, even after demonstration of the intrauterine location of a pregnancy. Treatment and outcome are highly influenced by the intrauterine component of heterotopic pregnancy. Conservative treatment, involving use of potassium chloride or a hyperosmolar solution injection, may be chosen to selectively terminate the ectopic pregnancy. Methotrexate may be utilised, if the intrauterine pregnancy evolves to miscarriage spontaneously or following the patient’s decision. Expectant management may be considered in some cases. Survival of the intrauterine component reaches approximately 70%; the outcome of live births does not differ from that of singleton pregnancies. This article analyses the world literature about the topic and reports on a series of five cases diagnosed and treated at Sandro Pertini Hospital in Rome