Conquistas e desafios da Educação nos Planos de ação do setor educacional do MERCOSUL

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Instituto Latino-Americano de Arte, Cultura e História da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Licenciada em História. Orientação: Prof. Dr. Juliana Balestra.O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada no Curso de História - Licenciatura da Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA) sobre as conquistas e desafios da educação no Setor Educacional do MERCOSUL. O objetivo foi analisar os Planos de Ação do Setor na intenção de compreender o papel da educação para os projetos do bloco, a partir da gestão de diferentes governos. A metodologia utilizada envolveu a análise dos Planos de Ação do Setor de 1992 à 2016. Ao total foram seis Planos de Ação analisados (1992-1997; 1998-2000; 2001-2005; 2006-2010; 2011-2015, 2016-2020), o último com vigência até 2020. Nestes documentos observou-se os agentes políticos envolvidos, como presidentes, ministros da educação e demais especialistas que compõem o corpo técnico das propostas; as metas em destaque e suas respectivas justificativas e fundamentações, a criação e extinção de programas e comissões; agências de fomento sinalizadas; áreas priorizadas; conquistas e expectativas para a educação no bloco.El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación realizada en el curso de Licenciatura en Historia de la Universidad Federal de Integración Latinoamericana (UNILA), sobre las conquistas y desafíos de la educación en el Sector Educativo del MERCOSUR. El objetivo fue analizar los Planes de Acción del Sector, con la intención de comprender el papel de la educación para los objetivos del bloque, a partir de la gestión de diferentes gobiernos. La metodología utilizada envolvió el análisis de los Planos de Acción del Sector desde 1992 al 2016. En total fueron analizados seis Planes de Acción (1992-1997; 1998-2000; 2001-2005; 2006-2010; 2011-2015, 2016-2020), el último en vigencia hasta el 2020. En estos documentos se observó a los agentes políticos envueltos, como presidentes, ministros de educación y demás especialistas que componen el cuerpo técnico de las propuestas; las metas en destaque y sus respectivas justificativas y fundamentaciones; la creación y extinción de programas y comisiones; agencias de fomento señalizadas; áreas priorizadas; conquistas y expectativas para la educación en el bloqu

Contrasting human perceptions of and attitudes towards two threatened small carnivores, Lycalopex fulvipes and Leopardus guigna, in rural communities adjacent to protected areas in Chile

Indexación: Scopus.The interaction between humans and small carnivores is a phenomenon especially frequent in rural fringes, as is the case of communities surrounding natural areas. In Chile, two species of threatened carnivores, the Darwin's Fox and the Guigna, have increased their contact with humans due to human-induced changes in their habitat. The objective of this study was to characterize the interactions of these species with humans by assessing human perceptions and attitudes toward them, and to assess livestock and poultry ownership and management practices in local communities to evaluate their possible roles in the phenomenon. We conducted semi-structured interviews in rural communities adjacent to natural protected areas of two different regions in southern Chile. We found that people have a more positive perception of Darwin's Foxes than Guignas, but both species are considered damaging due to poultry attacks. Livestock and poultry management was generally deficient. Improvements in animal management and education programs could lead to a significant decrease in negative interactions. © Sacristan et al. 2018.https://www.threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/4030/442

Evaluation of tip and torque on virtual study models: a validation study

Background: The objectives of this study were to develop and validate a novel analysis protocol to measure linear and angular measurements of tip and torque of each tooth in the dental arches of virtual study models. Methods: Maxillary and mandibular dental casts of 25 subjects with a full permanent dentition were scanned using a three-dimensional model scanner. Sixty points per arch were digitized on each model, five points on each tooth. A custom analysis to measure linear distances and angles of tip and torque was developed using a new reference plane passing as a best-fit among all of the lingual gingival points, with the intermolar lingual distance set as the reference X-axis. The linear distances measured included buccal, lingual, and centroid transverse widths at the level of canines, premolars, and molars as well as arch depth and arch perimeter. Results: There was no systematic error associated with the methodology used. Intraclass correlation coefficient values were higher than 0.70 on every measure. The average random error in the maxilla was 1.5\ub0 \ub1 0.4\ub0 for torque, 1.8\ub0 \ub1 0.5\ub0 for tip, and 0.4 \ub1 0.2 mm for linear measurements. The average random error in the mandible was 1.2\ub0 \ub1 0.3\ub0 for torque, 2.0\ub0 \ub1 0.8\ub0 for tip, and 0.1 \ub1 0.1 mm for the linear measurements. Conclusions: A custom digital analysis protocol to measure traditional linear measurements as well as tip and torque angulation on virtual dental casts was presented. This validation study demonstrated that the digital analysis used in this study has adequate reproducibility, providing additional information and more accurate intra-arch measurements for clinical diagnosis and dentofacial research

Zygomaticomaxillary suture maturation: A predictor of maxillary protraction? Part I - A classification method

The aim of this study was to present a method of classifying the maturational level of the zygomaticomaxillary sutures (ZMSs)

Three-dimensional regional displacement after surgical-orthodontic correction of Class III malocclusion

To investigate how displacements of maxillo-mandibular structures are associated with each other at splint removal and one year post-surgery following 1-jaw and 2-jaw surgeries for correction of Class III malocclusion

3D superimposition and understanding temporomandibular joint arthritis

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111112/1/ocr12070.pd

Image analysis and superimposition of 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography models

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques can provide valuable information to clinicians and researchers. But as we move from traditional 2-dimensional (2D) cephalometric analysis to new 3D techniques, it is often necessary to compare 2D with 3D data. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides simulation tools that can help bridge the gap between image types. CBCT acquisitions can be made to simulate panoramic, lateral, and posteroanterior cephalometric radioagraphs so that they can be compared with preexisting cephalometric databases. Applications of 3D imaging in orthodontics include initial diagnosis and superimpositions for assessing growth, treatment changes, and stability. Three-dimensional CBCT images show dental root inclination and torque, impacted and supernumerary tooth positions, thickness and morphology of bone at sites of mini-implants for anchorage, and osteotomy sites in surgical planning. Findings such as resorption, hyperplasic growth, displacement, shape anomalies of mandibular condyles, and morphological differences between the right and left sides emphasize the diagnostic value of computed tomography acquisitions. Furthermore, relationships of soft tissues and the airway can be assessed in 3 dimensions

Pitfalls in tick and tick-borne pathogens research, some recommendations and a call for data sharing

An understanding of the relationships of ticks and tick-borne pathogens can only be achieved by integrating data from multiple studies. The publication of raw material is a necessary step for wide-area meta-analyses and study design, data collection and reporting require harmonization. This is an opinion paper, not a consensus position, and is open to debate. This work reflects our view about how data should be communicated in mainstream journals. We indicate rules that should be observed in recording weather data, to avoid serendipitous correlations between the density of ticks and climate variables and recommend the inclusion of raw data in reports. We stress the need for standardized methods to collect ticks that cannot be obtained by standard flagging. The reporting of infection rates of pathogens in ticks should avoid conclusions based on pure molecular findings in feeding ticks. Studies demonstrating the vectorial capacity of ticks should not be supported only by molecular surveys of feeding ticks. Vacuous conclusions about vectorial or reservoir status based solely on the finding of genomic material of a pathogen should be discouraged. We stress that phylogenetic studies based on random selection of sequences from GenBank are unsuitable. We firmly support the development of a dedicated server of curated sequences of ticks and pathogens as a standard for future studies

A Política Externa do Paraguai no Enfrentamento da Pandemia de COVID-19

Artigo apresentado como trabalho de conclusão do curso de Especialização em Relações Internacionais Contemporâneas.Este trabalho tem por objetivo tratar da política externa do Paraguai, analisando a influência que as ações e condutas assumidas ao longo dos anos na referida área refletiram na condução e na busca por apoio no enfrentamento da pandemia de Covid-19 pelo país sul-americano. Este artigo ainda contará com abordagens acerca de política externa por meio das teorias realista, marxista e liberal

Accuracy and Reproducibility of Voxel Based Superimposition of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Models on the Anterior Cranial Base and the Zygomatic Arches

Superimposition of serial Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans has become a valuable tool for three dimensional (3D) assessment of treatment effects and stability. Voxel based image registration is a newly developed semi-automated technique for superimposition and comparison of two CBCT scans. The accuracy and reproducibility of CBCT superimposition on the anterior cranial base or the zygomatic arches using voxel based image registration was tested in this study. 16 pairs of 3D CBCT models were constructed from pre and post treatment CBCT scans of 16 adult dysgnathic patients. Each pair was registered on the anterior cranial base three times and on the left zygomatic arch twice. Following each superimposition, the mean absolute distances between the 2 models were calculated at 4 regions: anterior cranial base, forehead, left and right zygomatic arches. The mean distances between the models ranged from 0.2 to 0.37 mm (SD 0.08–0.16) for the anterior cranial base registration and from 0.2 to 0.45 mm (SD 0.09–0.27) for the zygomatic arch registration. The mean differences between the two registration zones ranged between 0.12 to 0.19 mm at the 4 regions. Voxel based image registration on both zones could be considered as an accurate and a reproducible method for CBCT superimposition. The left zygomatic arch could be used as a stable structure for the superimposition of smaller field of view CBCT scans where the anterior cranial base is not visible