Validity of willingness to pay measures under preference uncertainty

This paper is part of the project ACCEPT, which is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (grant number 01LA1112A). The publication of this article was funded by the Open Access fund of the Leibniz Association. All data is available on the project homepage (https://www.ifw-kiel.de/forschung/umwelt/projekte/accept) and from Figshare (https://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3113050.v1).Recent studies in the marketing literature developed a new method for eliciting willingness to pay (WTP) with an open-ended elicitation format: the Range-WTP method. In contrast to the traditional approach of eliciting WTP as a single value (Point-WTP), Range-WTP explicitly allows for preference uncertainty in responses. The aim of this paper is to apply Range-WTP to the domain of contingent valuation and to test for its theoretical validity and robustness in comparison to the Point-WTP. Using data from two novel large-scale surveys on the perception of solar radiation management (SRM), a little-known technique for counteracting climate change, we compare the performance of both methods in the field. In addition to the theoretical validity (i.e. the degree to which WTP values are consistent with theoretical expectations), we analyse the test-retest reliability and stability of our results over time. Our evidence suggests that the Range-WTP method clearly outperforms the Point-WTP method.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Developing the Questionnaire

AbstractThis chapter outlines the essential topics for developing and testing a questionnaire for a discrete choice experiment survey. It addresses issues such as the description of the environmental good, pretesting of the survey, incentive compatibility, consequentiality or mitigation of hypothetical bias. For the latter, cheap talk scripts, opt-out reminders or an oath script are discussed. Moreover, the use of instructional choice sets, the identification of protest responses and strategic bidders are considered. Finally, issues related to the payment vehicle and the cost vector design are the subject of this section

Amido resistente e suas propriedades físico-químicas Resistant starch and its physicochemical properties

A partir da década de 80, começou a ser observado que uma fração do amido escapava da digestão no intestino delgado e chegava ao cólon, onde servia de substrato para a flora bacteriana. Essa fração foi denominada amido resistente e, a partir de então, constatou-se que determinados efeitos fisiológicos, inicialmente atribuídos às fibras alimentares, poderiam também ser atribuídos ao amido resistente. Vários fatores podem estar envolvidos na sua formação e eles, por sua vez, afetam a sua resposta fisiológica. Deste modo, torna-se importante o conhecimento dos aspectos físico-químicos envolvidos na formação do amido resistente.<br>Since the 1980s, it has been observed that a starch fraction was not digested in the small intestine, reaching the colon as a substrate for the bacterial flora. This fraction was called resistant starch and, from this time on, it was noticed that certain physiological effects, initially attributed to the dietary fiber, could also be attributed to the resistant starch. Several factors can be involved in its formation, and they, in turn, affect its physiological response. Therefore, the knowledge on the physicochemical aspects involved in the formation of the resistant starch becomes important

Contingent values as implicit contracts: estimating minimum legal willingness to pay for conservation of large carnivores in Sweden

Contingent valuation, Willingness-to-pay, Minimum legal WTP, Discrete choice, Carnivores, Q51,

Testing the Effectiveness of Certainty Scales, Cheap Talk, and Dissonance-Minimization in Reducing Hypothetical Bias in Contingent Valuation Studies

Contingent valuation, Hypothetical bias, Cheap talk, Certainty scales, Dissonance,

A new valuation question: analysis of and insights from interval open-ended data in contingent valuation

Classic and interval open-ended (CIOE) question, Contingent valuation, Middle-censored data, Salmon, Valuation uncertainty, Willingness to pay,

The skipping strategy to reduce the effect of the autocorrelation on the T 2 chart’s performance

In this article, we consider the T (2) control chart for bivariate samples of size n with observations that are not only cross-correlated but also autocorrelated. The cross-covariance matrix of the sample mean vectors were derived with the assumption that the observations are described by a first-order vector autoregressive model-VAR (1). To counteract the undesired effect of autocorrelation, we build up the samples taking one item from the production line and skipping one, two, or more before selecting the next one. The skipping strategy always improves the chart's performance, except when only one variable is affected by the assignable cause, and the observations of this variable are not autocorrelated. If only one item is skipped, the average run length (ARL) reduces in more than 30 %, on average. If two items are skipped, this number increases to 40 %