Are All Politics Still Local? Variations in Local and National Political Participation in the United States

Political participation is an ever-important facet of United States democracy, but do patterns of participation differ from the local to the national level? Do citizens participate more or less in one sphere of politics? This study utilizes data from the American National Elections Study Timeseries Survey from 2016 (N = 3447) to examine the differences in local and national political participation based on interest in politics, ideological extremism, and education controlling for religious attendance, race, gender, and age. This study finds that on average, United States citizens participate less in local politics than national politics. Additionally, the regression model for local politics (R2 = .109) is statistically significant (p \u3c .01) yet has less explanatory power than the regression model for national politics (R2 = .164), indicating that the independent and control variables are better at explaining variation in national participation. The strongest predictors in the national model were the three primary independent variables of interest. The predictors for the local model included religious attendance and gender. Ideological extremism was significant (p \u3c .01) in the national model, but not significant in the local model. These findings suggest that there are important discrepancies between local and national participation which should receive additional attention in future research

Memorialization of J. Marion Sims in Columbia, South Carolina

The Heritage Act in South Carolina prevents the General Assembly from changing historic names of buildings and removing war memorials from the statehouse grounds without a supermajority. This highly controversial bill prohibits altering the landscape of the state and ensures a permanent place for white supremacy. The Repeal the Heritage Act coalition formed in 2020 to challenge this legislation, and this thesis examines one of its most recent targets: the memorialization of J. Marion Sims in Columbia. To this end, this thesis studies the South Carolina Medical Association’s Journal from 1910-1940 to study the legacy of Sims and why he was chosen as a representative of the medical field to be honored on the statehouse grounds. Moreover, this thesis studies the potency of southern women’s clubs, in particular the Woman’s Auxiliary of the SCMA, and examines their adoption of the eugenics movement. This movement enabled the Woman’s Auxiliary’s project to maintain relevance well into the 1930s and contributed to the naming of the Sims dormitory on UofSC’s campus. Finally, this thesis discusses the recent movements to remove statues to Sims across the country and particularly in South Carolina to create a landscape that fosters inclusivity rather than racial violence

Validation du questionnaire " Pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ) " en comparaison avec l'accélérométrie : dans le cadre du programme de recherche " Évaluation de l'activité physique chez la femme obèse enceinte "

Ce mémoire renferme les résultats concernant la validation de la version française d'un questionnaire d'activité physique, le Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ). Le questionnaire a été validé dans une population de 49 femmes obèses enceintes en le comparant à un critère fréquemment utilisé dans les études de validation, l'accélérométrie. Puisque l'obésité est un facteur de risque de complications lors d'une grossesse et que l'activité physique peut contribuer à diminuer l'obésité ou à limiter le gain de poids excessif, il est important de bien mesurer l'activité physique dans la sous-population des femmes obèses enceintes. Les outils employés dans cette étude de validation pourront être utilisés pour des projets de développement d'intervention, auprès des femmes obèses enceintes, visant à diminuer les complications périnatales et possiblement la charge financière sur le système de santé

L'appropriation par les adolescentes du contenu d'une série de fiction sur le suicide, diffusée sur le web : le cas de 13 Reasons Why

Ce mémoire porte sur la production des significations par les adolescentes du contenu d’une série de fiction sur le suicide, dans un contexte de panique morale. Plus particulièrement, je traite du cas de la série 13 Reasons Why, diffusée en ligne sur Netflix. Ma recherche s’inscrit dans les études sur les filles, fondées sur l’écoute des voix des jeunes femmes. La méthodologie adoptée est qualitative et inductive. J’ai procédé à une analyse thématique des commentaires publiés par des adolescentes sur la page Facebook de la série, en vue de répondre à des questions portant sur quatre dimensions de la réception : l’expérience d’écoute, l’appropriation des contenus au quotidien, l’intervention du contexte de panique morale dans la production du sens et les transformations des significations. L’analyse a permis d’en savoir plus sur l’expérience de l’écoute en rafale. Pour ce qui est de l’appropriation des contenus, on a vu émerger des opinions variées et parfois contradictoires, surtout en ce qui concerne la représentation du suicide et de la violence sexuelle. La douleur exprimée à la vue des scènes difficiles va à l’encontre de l’avis des autorités interviewées dans les médias, selon lequel le suicide dans la série semble facile et indolore. Les commentaires des adolescentes laissent transparaître un esprit plus critique vis-à-vis du contenu de la série que le laissent croire ces autorités. Des formes d’appropriation typiques de l’éthique de la sollicitude ont aussi émergé des textes étudiés : énoncés sur l’importance de la gentillesse, offres de soutien moral et pistes de résolution de problèmes personnels. Peu d’adolescentes s’expriment sur le contexte de panique morale. Celles qui en traitent semblent accorder plus de crédibilité aux spécialistes qu’aux autorités scolaires. J’ai finalement noté que l’ouverture des adolescentes à la discussion ouvre la voie à la négociation et à la transformation des significations

The implication of the World Wide Web for providing public information from local government agencies : some Boston metropolitan examples

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1997.Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-123).by Jon D. Chandonnet.M.C.P

French Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire Compared with an Accelerometer Cut Point to Classify Physical Activity among Pregnant Obese Women

Given the high risk for inactivity during pregnancy in obese women, validated questionnaires for physical activity (PA) assessment in this specific population is required before evaluating the effect of PA on perinatal outcomes. No questionnaire was validated in pregnant obese women. The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) has been designed based on activities reported during pregnancy and validated in pregnant women. We translated the PPAQ to French and assessed reliability and accuracy of this French version among pregnant obese women. In this cross-sectional study, pregnant obese women were evenly recruited at the end of each trimester of pregnancy. They completed the PPAQ twice, with an interval of 7 days in-between, to recall PA of the last three months. Between PPAQ assessments, participants wore an accelerometer (Actigraph GT1M) during 7 consecutive days. Fourty-nine (49) pregnant obese women (29.8±4.2 yrs, 34.7±5.1 kg.m−2) participated to the study. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between the two PPAQ assessments were 0.90 for total activity, 0.86 for light and for moderate intensity, and 0.81 for vigorous intensity activities. It ranged from 0.59 for “Transportation” to 0.89 for “Household and Caregiving” activities. Spearman correlation coefficients (SCCs) between the PPAQ and the Matthews’ cut point used to classify an activity of moderate and above intensity were 0.50 for total activity, 0.25 for vigorous intensity and 0.40 for moderate intensity. The correlations between the PPAQ and the accelerometer counts were 0.58 for total activity, 0.39 for vigorous intensity and 0.49 for moderate intensity. The highest SCCs were for “Occupation” and “Household and Caregiving” activities. Comparisons with other standard cutpoints were presented in files S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7. The PPAQ is reliable and moderately accurate for the measure of PA of various intensities and types among pregnant obese women

Transcultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of Spanish Version of Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire: The PregnActive Project

Objective: To transculturally adapt the Spanish version of Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) analyzing its psychometric properties. Methods: The PPAQ was transculturally adapted into Spanish. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a subsample of 109 pregnant women. The validity was evaluated in a sample of 208 pregnant women who answered the questionnaire and wore the multi-sensor monitor for 7 valid days. The reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient), concordance (concordance correlation coefficient), correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient), agreement (Bland-Altman plots) and relative activity levels (Jonckheere-Terpstra test) between both administrations and methods were examined. Results: Intraclass correlation coefficients between both administrations were good for all categories except transportation. A low but significant correlation was found for total activity (light and above) whereas no correlation was found for other intensities between both methods. Relative activity levels analysis showed a significant linear trend for increased total activity between both methods. Conclusions: Spanish version of PPAQ is a brief and easily interpretable questionnaire with good reliability and ability to rank individuals, and poor validity compared with multi-sensor monitor. The use of PPAQ provides information of pregnancy-specific activities in order to establish physical activity levels of pregnant women and adapt health promotion interventions.Universidad Pablo de Olavide de Sevilla. Departamento de Deporte e Informátic