Reducing Subspaces of de Branges-Rovnyak Spaces

For $b\in H^\infty_1$, the closed unit ball of $H^\infty$, the de Branges-Rovnyak spaces $\mathcal{H}(b)$ is a Hilbert space contractively contained in the Hardy space $H^2$ that is invariant by the backward shift operator $S^*$. We consider the reducing subspaces of the operator $S^{*2}|_{\mathcal{H}(b)}$. When $b$ is an inner function, $S^{*2}|_{\mathcal{H}(b)}$ is a truncated Toepltiz operator and its reducibility was characterized by Douglas and Foias using model theory. We use another approach to extend their result to the case where $b$ is extreme. We prove that if $b$ is extreme but not inner, then $S^{*2}|_{\mathcal{H}(b)}$ is reducible if and only if $b$ is even or odd, and describe the structure of reducing subspaces

Bounded Composition Operators and Multipliers of Some Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces on the Bidisk

We study the boundedness of composition operators on the bidisk using reproducing kernels. We show that a composition operator is bounded on the Hardy space of the bidisk if some associated function is a positive kernel. This positivity condition naturally leads to the study of the sub-Hardy Hilbert spaces of the bidisk, which are analogs of de Branges-Rovnyak spaces on the unit disk. We discuss multipliers of those spaces and obtain some classes of bounded composition operators on the bidisk

A Characterization of MA1(Rn)\mathcal{M}_{A_1}(\mathbb{R}^n)

We characterize the set of all measurable functions on \RR^n possessing an $A_1$ majorant, denoted as \cM_{A_1}(\RR^n), by certain Banach function spaces. We prove that a function has an $A_1$ majorant if and only if it belongs to some Banach function space for which the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded. This answers the question posted by G. Knese, J. M$^{c}$Carthy, and K. Moen

Compact Product of Hankel and Toeplitz Operators

In this paper, we study the product of a Hankel operator and a Toeplitz operator on the Hardy space. We give necessary and sufficient conditions of when such a product $H_f T_g$ is compact

Density of Polynomials in Sub-Bergman Hilbert Spaces

The sub-Bergman Hilbert spaces are analogues of de BrangesRovnyak spaces in the Bergman space setting. We prove that the polynomials are dense in sub-Bergman Hilbert spaces. This answers the question posted by Zhu in the affirmative

Asymptotic Bohr Radius for the Polynomials in One Complex Variable

We consider the Bohr radius $R_n$ for the class of complex polynomials in one variable of degree at most $n$. It was conjectured by R. Fournier in 2008 that $R_n={1\over 3}+{\pi^2\over {3n^2}}+o({1\over n^2})$. We shall prove this conjecture is true in this paper

Normal Truncated Toeplitz Operators

The characterization of normal truncated Toepltiz operators is first given by Chalendar and Timotin. We give an elementary proof of their result without using the algebraic properties of truncated Toeplitz operators

Isovector properties of quark matter and quark stars in an isospin-dependent confining model

The confining quark matter (CQM) model, in which the confinement and asymptotic freedom are modeled via the Richardson potential for quark-quark vector interaction and the chiral symmetry restoration at high density is described by the density dependent quark mass, is extended to include isospin dependence of the quark mass. Within this extended isospin-dependent confining quark matter (ICQM) model, we study the properties of strange quark matter and quark stars. We find that including isospin dependence of the quark mass can significantly influence the quark matter symmetry energy, the stability of strange quark matter and the mass-radius relation of quark stars. In particular, we demonstrate although the recently discovered large mass pulsars PSR J1614.2230 and PSR J0348+0432 with masses around two times solar mass ($2M_{\odot}$) cannot be quark stars within the original CQM model, they can be well described by quark stars in the ICQM model if the isospin dependence of quark mass is strong enough so that the quark matter symmetry energy is about four times that of a free quark gas. We also discuss the effects of the density dependence of quark mass on the properties of quark stars. Our results indicate that the heavy quark stars with mass around $2M_{\odot}$ (if exist) can put strong constraints on isospin and density dependence of the quark mass as well as the quark matter symmetry energy.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Presentation improved, 2 tables and discussions added. Accepted version to appear in PR

New leaves of the tree: percolation analysis for cosmic web with discrete points

Percolation analysis has long been used to quantify the connectivity of the cosmic web. Most of the previous work is based on density fields on grids. By smoothing into fields, we lose information about galaxy properties like shape or luminosity. Lack of mathematical model also limits our understanding of percolation analysis. In order to overcome these difficulties, we have studied percolation analysis based on discrete points. Using a Friends-of-Friends (FoF) algorithm, we generate the S-bb relation, between the fractional mass of the largest connected group (S) and the FoF linking length (bb). We propose a new model, the Probability Cloud Cluster Expansion Theory (PCCET) to relate the S-bb relation with correlation functions. We show that the S-bb relation reflects a combination of all orders of correlation functions. Using N-body simulation, we find that the S-bb relation is robust against redshift distortion and incompleteness in observation. From the Bolshoi simulation, with Halo Abundance Matching (HAM), we have generated a mock galaxy catalogue. Good matching of the projected two-point correlation function with observation is confirmed. However, comparing the mock catalogue with the latest galaxy catalogue from SDSS DR12, we have found significant differences in their S-bb relations. This indicates that the mock galaxy catalogue cannot accurately retain higher order correlation functions than the two-point correlation function, which reveals the limit of HAM method. As a new measurement, S-bb relation is applicable to a wide range of data types, fast to compute, robust against redshift distortion and incompleteness, and it contains information of all orders of correlation function.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figures, accepted for PR

A Note on the Spectral Area of Toeplitz Operators

In this note, we show that for hyponormal Toeplitz operators, there exists a lower bound for the area of the spectrum. This extends the known estimate for the spectral area of Toeplitz operators with an analytic symbol