A new methodology for choosing the efficient and optimal option of renewable energy for local heat supply

One of the tendencies of the power engineering sector in Mongolia is to devise an eco-friendly new technology, and solve the problem of supplying heat from reliable sources to consumers in the centralized rural areas of the country. The soil temperature is divided into four different zones. The soil temperature starts from 1.6 meters for the 4th zone, the southern part like the Gobi provinces of Mongolia, where the soil temperature has never decreased, even in the coldest months of the year. The study compared solar collector systems and heat pump systems and proposed environmentally friendly and economically efficient heating technologies depending on the climatic zones of Mongolia

Molecular basis of RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase (RNMT) activation by RAM

Maturation and translation of mRNA in eukaryotes requires the addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap. In vertebrates, the cap methyltransferase, RNA guanine-7 methyltransferase (RNMT), has an activating subunit, RNMT-Activating Miniprotein (RAM). Here we report the first crystal structure of the human RNMT in complex with the activation domain of RAM. A relatively unstructured and negatively charged RAM binds to a positively charged surface groove on RNMT, distal to the active site. This results in stabilisation of a RNMT lobe structure which co-evolved with RAM and is required for RAM binding. Structure-guided mutagenesis and molecular dynamics simulations reveal that RAM stabilises the structure and positioning of the RNMT lobe and the adjacent α-helix hinge, resulting in optimal positioning of helix A which contacts substrates in the active site. Using biophysical and biochemical approaches, we observe that RAM increases the recruitment of the methyl donor, AdoMet (S-adenosyl methionine), to RNMT. Thus we report the mechanism by which RAM allosterically activates RNMT, allowing it to function as a molecular rheostat for mRNA cap methylation

Patient satisfaction and service quality perception at district hospitals in Mongolia

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Learning Styles and Cultural Differences: A comparative study of cultural differences in Austrian and Mongolian Students

This study shows the relationship between the types of cultural differences and learning styles of Kolb's learning model. Although several cross-cultural studies on learning styles suggest that learning styles may differ from one culture to another, the question of which cultures are associated with which learning styles and abilities has been less explored. This study focuses on the empirical findings of comparative studies on past cross-cultural differences in learning styles and considers how the propositions generated by the theory tests may reflect their past empirical findings. This research shows that culture is associated with specific learning styles and abilities

Degradation Issue of \u3ci\u3eFescue-Forbs\u3c/i\u3e Rangeland in the Mountain Steppe of Mongolia

The total area of Fescue-forbs rangeland in Mongolia is 10 million hectares, accounting for 8.5% of total rangeland area. The Fescue-forbs rangeland is the main type of rangeland in the mountain steppe. The Mongolian rangeland has degraded in the last two decades mainly due to overgrazing and climate change. The main objective of this study was to determine the change of plant community and reduction of frequency and productivity of the dominant species Festuca lenensis in different degradation states of rangeland. The dominant species and main plant functional groups have completely changed in Fescue-forbs rangeland in all three states of rangelands. The cover of Festuca lenensis was decreased by 98.6-99.5% and biomass percentage was decreased by 95.3-100% in three different degradation degrees compared with the reference site. As a result of species composition, the highest number of species was determined in moderately degraded rangeland, the lowest number of species was determined in heavily degraded rangeland. The similarity coefficient of species was 0.45 between the slightly and moderately degraded rangelands. Heavily degraded rangeland was different from other two types of rangeland. Number of individual species increased in moderately and heavily degraded rangelands in comparison to slightly degraded rangeland. This was depended on increaser and tolerant plant species; these are Arenaria capillaris, Potentilla acaulis, Artemisia frigida, A.commutata, Chamaerodos erecta and Carex duriuscula. Our study revealed the degradation process of Fescue-forbs rangeland in mountain steppe of Mongolia

Study of Response Spectra for Ulaanbaatar city

According to researchers, Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, is in an active seismic zone, and more active faults around the city have been discovered in the last few decades. This is an alarming news for the city that has been expanding and developing rapidly. Therefore, consideration of the construction of structures that can withstand strong earthquakes has been becoming a complex problem from economic perspective and urban planning. This study aims to develop response spectra for all and any structure constructs in the city. To complete this requirement, we generated maximum response spectra correlating different soil classes, and taking into considering all potential active sources around the city. In this research work, we have proposed various response spectra that are associated with five different soil classes, and these response spectra can be used for the city

Influence of different grazing intensity on above-ground biomass in Mongolian rangeland

In the last two decades, the quality of Mongolian rangeland has degraded primarily owing to overgrazing and climate change. This has government challenged to improve land usage and gather information about the tolerance of the rangeland. The aim of this research was to examine the effect of cutting frequency (four, three, two and one), cutting height (0 and 3 cm) and duration of cutting on above-ground biomass at different degradation levels of Fescue-forbs rangeland. Three sites were selected with different degradation levels; slightly, moderately and heavily degraded. The cutting experiment was randomized with complete block design with five replications. Samplings were carried out in 2006, 2007 and 2008. In 2009, all the plots of rangelands were cut at the same time in August and at 0 cm height and the results were analyzed. The results showed that total biomass was influenced by cutting frequency, cutting height and the duration of cutting. Biomass decreased considerably with increasing cutting frequency in most cases when cutting height was 0 cm but small changes were noticed when cutting height was 3 cm. The biomass decreased by 30-54% when cut four times a year at 0 cm in slightly- and moderately-degraded sites. Year of duration influenced biomass significantly at slightly- and heavily degraded sites

Study of Response Spectra for Ulaanbaatar city

According to researchers, Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, is in an active seismic zone, and more active faults around the city have been discovered in the last few decades. This is an alarming news for the city that has been expanding and developing rapidly. Therefore, consideration of the construction of structures that can withstand strong earthquakes has been becoming a complex problem from economic perspective and urban planning. This study aims to develop response spectra for all and any structure constructs in the city. To complete this requirement, we generated maximum response spectra correlating different soil classes, and taking into considering all potential active sources around the city. In this research work, we have proposed various response spectra that are associated with five different soil classes, and these response spectra can be used for the city