多価不飽和脂肪酸を２位に結合するホスファチジルコリンの炭素アナローグの合成

Carbon analogues of Phosphatidylcholines having linoleic or arachidonic acid at the 2-position were synthesized. The synthetic route involves conversion of the polyunsaturated fatty acid iodination. The derivatives were converted to diols by LiAIH4 reduction and submitted to lipase-catalyzed monostearoylation in isopropylether. The mono-ester was converted to phoshatidylcholines by the usual phosphodiester synthesis.自然界に広く存在するホスフォリパーゼA2はグリセロリン脂質の2位のエステル結合を選択的に切断する酵素であり,消化,アラキドン酸カスケードの起動,リン脂質過酸化物の代謝等,生理作用に広く関わっている。本研究ではホスフォリパーゼA2の基質ミメテイックとしてホスファチジルコリンの2位エステル結合が炭素-炭素結合に置き換わった化合物をアラキドン酸とステアリン酸を出発原料としてリパーゼ触媒によるアシル化反応及び有機化学反応によって合成した

Qualitative analysis of current dietary behavior and associated factors in elderly individuals in need of care

Journal Article本研究は要支援高齢者の食行動の現状と食行動に影響を及ぼしている内容をグループインタビューにより質的に分析し、要支援高齢者の栄養状態改善の支援方法を検討する基礎資料にすることを目的とした。対象者は在宅にて介護予防サービスを利用して生活している在宅要支援高齢者11名である。要支援高齢者の食行動の現状は、【食事メニューの単一化】【出されたものは我慢して食べる】【高齢者が認識する体に良くない食事内容】【高齢者が認識する身体に良い食事内容】【食生活についての意欲が弱まる1【食事管理することは健康管理だと思っている】【買い物には自由にいけない】という内容が明らかになった。 また食生活に影響を及ぼしている要因として、【悪いと認識しているが変えない価値観】【変えるつもりはない食に対する価値観】【身体機能低下による食行動への影響】【現在の購買システムと商品の変化に対応できない】【経済状況が食生活に影響する】【買い物に影響を及ぼす地理的・気候的条件】【家族構成がもたらす食行動への影響】という内容が認められた。 要支援高齢者の食行動の現状と食行動に影響を及ぼす内容をふまえながら支援をしていくことが必要であると考える。This s tudy provides, by means of group interviews, a qualitative analysis of the dietary behavior of elderly individuals in need of care and of the factors affecting their dietary behavior, and uses this analysis as basic information in discussing support methods for improving nutrition among elderly individuals in need of care. The study looks at eleven elderly individuals living at home who use preventive care services in their own home. The following factors in the dietary behavior of elderly individuals in need of care became clear: [menus tend to be lacking in variety], [they might not like what is put in front of them but they force themselves to eat it], [contents of meals that elderly people think are not good for them], [contents of meals that elderly people think are good for them], [they take less interest in what they eat], [they believe that supervising what they eat is equivalent to supervising their health], [they can't go shopping whenever they want to]. Factors which influence their diet are: [they are aware that their diet is bad, but their sense of values means that they are unable to change it], [their sense of values about food which they have no intention of changing], [influence on dietary behavior of reduction in bodily functions], [they cannot cope with the present food buying system and the change in products], [their financial situation affects their diet], [geographical and climatic conditions affect going shopping], [influence on diet of family composition]. The dietary behavior of elderly individuals in need of care must be supported on the basis of their current dietary situation and factors affecting their diet.journal articl

Successful esophageal bypass surgery in a patient with a large tracheoesophageal fistula following endotracheal stenting and chemoradiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer: case report

A 63-year-old man with esophageal achalasia for more than 20 years complained of respiratory distress. He was admitted as an emergency to the referral hospital three months previously. Computed tomography revealed tracheobronchial stenosis due to advanced esophageal cancer with tracheal invasion. He underwent tracheobronchial stenting and chemoradiotherapy. A large tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) developed after irradiation (18 Gy) and chemotherapy, and he was unable to eat. Thereafter, he was referred to our hospital, where we performed esophageal bypass surgery using a gastric conduit. A percutaneous cardiopulmonary support system was prepared due to the risk of airway obstruction during anesthesia. A small-diameter tracheal tube inserted into the stent achieved ordinary respiratory management. No anesthesia-related problems were encountered. Oral intake commenced on postoperative day 9. He was discharged on postoperative day 23 and was able to take in sustenance orally right up to the last moment of his life. Esophageal bypass under general anesthesia can be performed in patients with large TEF with sufficient preparation for anesthetic management

C1B domain peptide of protein kinase Cγ significantly suppresses growth of human colon cancer cells in vitro and in an in vivo mouse xenograft model through induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis

Two peptides derived from the C1B domain of protein kinase Cγ (PKCγ) were shown to associate with classical PKC isozymes and modulate their activities. These C1B peptides are designated C1B1 (amino acid residues 101-112) and C1B5 (residues 141-151). Since PKC enzyme activity is shown to be involved in colon cancer development, the effect of C1B peptides on the growth of various human colon cancer cell lines was examined in vitro and in vivo. Sub-micromolar to micromolar levels of both C1B peptides induced approximately 60-70% growth attenuation in multiple colon cancer cell lines in a soft agar tumor colony assay; however, C1B5 peptide was not cytotoxic to normal colon epithelial cells in two dimensional culture. The effect of C1B5 peptide on colony growth of COLO205 cells was reversed by treatment with the PKCα/β inhibitor, Ro-32-0432. C1B peptide treatment attenuated COLO205 cells via two mechanisms: 1) cell cycle arrest and 2) stimulation of apoptosis. This is evident in G[subscript 2] arrest and increases in levels of cleaved caspase 3 and p53 phosphorylated at serine 20. Intratumoral injection of C1B5 peptide (20 mg/kg/day, every three days) markedly attenuated the growth of subcutaneous xenografts of COLO205 cells in SCID mice by 76% compared to the control. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that C1B peptides have negligible effects on normal tissues but are potentially effective chemotherapeutic agents for colon cancer