Some Examples and Counterexamples about Continuity on Equilibrium Problems

This paper attempts to underline how the Diagonal Transfer Continuity hypothesis (Baye, Tian and Zhou, 1993) and Better-Reply Security (Reny, 1999) are unconnected between themselves as sucient conditions for stating the existence of Nash equilibria. Besides, various examples and counterexamples regarding Nash equilibria existence Theorem (Baye, Tian and Zhou, 1993) and extensions of maximum existence results for bifunctions established for a function of one variable (Baye and and Zhou,1995). We present, also, a sucient conditions for Diagonal Transfer Continuity. Moreover, an example of quasi-concave game having multiple Nash equilibria, in which the aforesaid hypotheses and other improvements (Lignola, 1997) fall, is presented.Nash Equilibria Existence; Generalized Convexity; 2 Person Game; Generalized Continuity; Diagonal Transfer Quasi Concavity; Diagonal Transfer Continuity.

Seeking Refuge in the Fifth Amendment: The Applicability of the Privilege Against Self-Incrimination to Individuals who Risk Incrimination Outside the United States

This Note argues that the Fifth Amendment privilege prohibits the U.S. government from compelling individuals to offer testimony that would incriminate them in criminal proceedings outside the United States. Part I explores the development of the Fifth Amendment\u27s privilege against self-incrimination. Part II discusses the conflicting positions that have emerged in lower courts concerning the Fifth Amendment\u27s extraterritorial application. Part III argues that the Fifth Amendment protection regarding self-incrimination should apply to the risk of non-U.S. prosecution. This Note concludes that the principles reflected in the enactment of the Fifth Amendment and its treatment in both U.S. and English courts warrant the extraterritorial application of the self-incrimination privilege

Convexity on Nash Equilibria without Linear Structure

To give sucient conditions for Nash Equilibrium existence in a continuous game is a central problem in Game Theory. In this paper, we present two games in which we show how the continuity and quasi-concavity hypotheses are unconnected one to each other. Then, we relax the quasiconcavity assumption by exploiting the multiconnected convexity's concept (Mechaiekh & Others, 1998) in spaces without any linear structure. These results will be applied to two non-zero-sum games lacking the classical assumptions and more recent improvements (Ziad, 1997), (Abalo & Kostreva, 2004). As a minor result, some counterexamples about relationship between some continuity conditions due to Lignola (1997), Reny (1999) and Simon (1995) for Nash equilibria existence are obtained.Nash Equilibria Existence; Fixed Point Theorem; Generalized Convexity; 2 Person Game; 3 Person Game; Symmetric Game; Generalized Continuity.

Ideología, crítica y modernidad tardía en Habermas y Giddens : Un intrincado vínculo reflejado en y habilitado por el discurso

Si la comunicación y el discurso pueden mantener o alterar (ya sea potencialmente) el orden prexistente, es necesario complejizar esta esquemática hipótesis a partir de la contemplación de la capacidad crítica y conformación subjetiva de los actores. Esta ponencia se propone explorar las dimensiones ideológicas de la comunicación interactiva en el contexto de la modernidad avanzada, partiendo de dos planteos centrales para la teoría social contemporánea. Habermas enfatiza la capacidad crítica propia de la racionalidad comunicativa, la cual permitiría una actualización del orden normativo.Pese a ello, el accionar ideológico-tecnocrático que tiende a mutilar las pretensiones emancipatorias sería más vigoroso que las viejas legitimaciones no seculares a la hora de engendrar legitimidad. Por su parte, Giddens teoriza sobre la negociación de recursos, significados y normas a nivel de la interacción. Esto evidencia el carácter variante del orden social, cuya producción y reproducción recae sobre el poder del agente. La ideología también esrelacionadacon la dominación y los intereses sectoriales, al tiempo que encuentra suelo firme en los órdenes simbólicos. Aunque con diferentes matices, ambos autores recuperan categorías ligadas a la teoría social clásica, cuya obsolescencia tiende a ser decretada por los enfoques más recientes, dados los últimos cambios sociale

New Approaches in Coalition Stability

In this paper we propose the state of art in the theory of coalitional games in effectiveness form without bargaining between coalitions. We study some solution concepts: The largest consistent set (Chwe, 1994); the largest cautious consistent set (Mauleon et al., 2004); the credible consistent set (Bhattacharya, 2002); standard stable behaviors (Xue, 1998). A series of examples, showing main features and differences between these solutions, are presented in order to outline some drawbacks and positive aspects in the philosophical framework of stability concepts.coalitonal games; stable sets; farsightedness.

Farsighted Stable Sets

A coalition is usually called stable if nobody has an immediate incentive to leave or to enter the coalition since he does not improve his payoff. This myopic behaviour does not consider further deviations which can take place after the first move. Chwe (1994) incorporated the idea of a farsighted behaviour in his definition of large consistent set (LCS). In some respects, we propose a different idea of dominance relation based on indirect dominance and on a different concept of belief on moving coalitions' behavior. A notion of stability for a coalitional game is introduced by taking into account the different degree of risk/safety of any player participating in a move. Some results about uncovered sets, internal stability are investigated. By exploiting our dominance and stability concepts, the prisoner's dilemma in coalitional form and its Nash equilibrium are studied. Some examples illustrating the differences between the largest consistent set, our stable set and stable set due to von Neumann and Morgenstern (1947) are presented.

A Graph-Traversing Algorithm for Computing Some Stable Sets in Effectiveness Coalitional Games

We propose an algorithm for computing "main stable sets" recently introduced by Ciardiello, Di Liddo (2009) on effectiveness form coalitional games modeled through a directed pseudograph. The algorithm is based upon a graph traversing method exploring extended paths minimal in coalitions and we study some its interesting computational aspects for making these stability concepts as useful tools for decision theory.Algorithmic game theory; coalitional games; dominance relations; stable sets; graph theory.

Some results in spatial voting games

Some well known relationships about the Nakamura's number and the existence of the core in spatial voting games are illustrated.

Concise synthesis of rare pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones and related nitrogen-rich bicyclic scaffolds with a ring-junction nitrogen.

Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones represent a pharmaceutically interesting class of heterocycles. The structurally related pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-ones are associated with a broad range of useful biological properties. Furthermore, quinolizinone-type scaffolds of these sorts with a bridgehead nitrogen are expected to display interesting physico-chemical properties. However, pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones are largely under-represented in current small molecule screening libraries and the physical and biological properties of the pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-one scaffold have been poorly explored (indeed, the same can be said for unsaturated bicyclic compounds with a bridgehead nitrogen in general). Herein, we report the development of a new strategy for the concise synthesis of substituted pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones from readily available starting materials. The synthetic route involved the acylation of the lithium amide bases of 2-aminopyridines with alkynoate esters to form alkynamides, which were then cyclised under thermal conditions. The use of lithium amide anions ensured excellent regioselectivity for the 2-oxo-isomer over the undesired 4-oxo-isomer, which offers a distinct advantage over some existing methods for the synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones. Notably, different aminoazines could also be employed in this approach, which enabled access to several very unusual bicyclic systems with higher nitrogen contents. This methodology thus represents an important contribution towards the synthesis of pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones and other rare azabicycles with a ring-junction nitrogen. These heterocycles represent attractive structural templates for drug discovery.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) / ERC grant agreement n° [279337/DOS]. The authors also thank AstraZeneca, the European Union (EU), the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), the Medical Research Council (MRC), and the Wellcome Trust for funding. Data accessibility: all data supporting this study are provided as Supplementary Information accompanying this paper.This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Royal Society of Chemistry via http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob01784