Pengaruh Pijat Perineum Menggunakan Minyak VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) Terhadap Laserasi Jalan Lahir pada Persalinan Normal: The Effect of Perineal Massage Using VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) Oil on Lacerations of the Birth Canal in Normal Childbirth

Birth canal laceration is the second cause of bleeding after uterine atony, which occurs in almost the first delivery and sometimes also in subsequent deliveries. In 2020 in the Maranggen 1 Health Center working area, there were 1013 deliveries, with 43.3% experiencing perineal lacerations. For this reason, an intervention is needed to prevent perineal lacerations, one of which is perineal massage which can increase perineal elasticity. The perineal massage can collaborate with VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil), where VCO contains variety of natural moisturizers and antioxidants that are important for skin care. In addition, it is relatively inexpensive and can be made at home. This study aims to determine the effect of perineal massage using VCO toward birth canal lacerations on mothers with normal delivery. This study used a quasi-experimental type using post-test only control group design. The study population was all pregnant women with gestational age starting at 37 weeks in the working area of the Mranggen I Health Center Demak. The sample was 60 respondents consisting of 30 control and 30 intervention groups. Meanwhile, the data was collected using observation. Data analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate analysis of the Chi-Square test technique. The results showed that perineal massage using VCO affected birth canal lacerations in normal delivery in the working area of the Mranggen 1 Health Center Demak (p-value 0.000 <0.05). Abstrak Laserasi jalan lahir merupakan penyebab keempat perdarahan setelah atonia uteri, retensio plasenta dan sisa plasenta yang terjadi pada hampir persalinan pertama dan tidak jarang juga pada persalinan berikutnya. Pada tahun 2020 di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Maranggen 1 tercatat sejumlah 1013 persalinan dengan 43,3% diantaranya mengalami laserasi perineum. Untuk itu dibutuhkan suatu intervensi untuk mencegah laserasi perineum salah satunya adalah dengan pijat perineum yang dapat meningkatkan elastisitas perineum Pijat perineum sendiri dapat dikolaborasikan dengan minyak VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil), dimana minyak VCO banyak mengandung pelembab alami dan aktioksidan yang penting untuk perawatan kulit, selain itu harga yang relative murah dan dapat di buat sendiri dirumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pijat perineum menggunakan minyak VCO terhadap laserasi jalan lahir pada ibu dengan persalinan normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis quasi eksperimen menggunakan desain Post-test Only Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian seluruh ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan mulai 37 minggu di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mranggen I Demak, sampelnya sebesar 60 responden yang terdiri dari 30 kelompok control dan 30 kelompok intervensi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi. Analisis data terdiri dari analisis univariat dan bivariat teknik uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian bahwa pijat perineum menggunakan minyak VCO berpengaruh terhadap laserasi jalan lahir pada persalinan normal di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Mranggen 1 Demak (p-value 0,000 < 0,05

Pengaruh Intervensi Konseling Feeding Rules dan Massage Eating Difficulties dalam Mengatasi Kesulitan Makan Balita di Kelurahan Cangkiran Mijen Semarang: The Effect of Feeding Rules Counselling and Eating Difficulty Massage to Overcome Eating Problems in Toddlers in Cangkiran Mijen, Semarang

Toddlers aged 1-5 years are a group that is vulnerable to nutritional problems. During this period, they experience very rapid growth and development. Toddlers usually have difficulty eating because of the increasing activities such as playing and running. While in toddlers, there is a process of growth and development that requires adequate nutrition. Efforts to overcome eating difficulties can be done with basic rules for feeding with Feeding Rules and pharmacological efforts with Massage Eating Difficulties. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of counseling on feeding rules and massage eating difficulties on overcoming eating difficulties in toddlers. The research design used Experimental research with a One group Pre-Test and Post-test design approach model. The population of this study were toddlers aged 1-5 years who experienced weight gain in Cangkiran Mijen Village, Semarang. The sampling technique used Purposive Sampling and the number of samples obtained was 45 toddlers. The statistical test used was Mc Nemar from the results obtained p value = <0.001, then Ha was accepted, meaning that there was an Effect of Counseling on Feeding Rules and Massage Eating Difficulties on eating difficulties in toddlers in Cangkiran Mijen Village, Semarang. It is hoped that this research can be applied by health services including midwives as one of the complementary actions or interventions that can be carried out in providing midwifery care to toddlers in overcoming eating difficulties in toddlers.    Abstrak Anak balita yang berusia 1-5 tahun merupakan kelompok yang rawan terhadap masalah gizi, Pada masa ini mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sangat pesat. Balita biasanya menjadi sulit makan karena semakin bertambahnya aktivitas seperti bermain dan berlari. Sedangkan pada balita terjadi proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang membutuhkan kecukupan nutrisi. Upaya untuk mengatasi kesulitan makan dapat dilakukan dengan aturan dasar pemberian makan dengan Feeding Rules dan upaya farmakologi dengan Massage Eating Difficulties. Tujuan penelitian ntuk mengetahui Pengaruh konseling feeding rules dan massage eating difficulties terhadap mengatasi kesulitan makan pada balita. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan penelitian Experimental dengan model pendekatan One group Pre-Test and Post-test design. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah balita berusia 1-5 tahun yang mengalami berat badan tidak naik di Kelurahan Cangkiran Mijen Semarang. Teknik pengambilan sample dengan Purposive Sampling dan didapatkan jumlah sampel sebesar 45 balita. Uji statistic yang digunakan adalah Mc Nemar dari hasil didapatkan nilai p value = <0,001, maka Ha diterima, artinya ada Pengaruh Konseling Feeding Rules dan Massage Eating Difficulties terhadap kesulitan makan pada balita di Kelurahan Cangkiran Mijen Semarang. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat diaplikasikan oleh pelayanan Kesehatan termasuk Bidan sebagai salah satu Tindakan atau intervensi komplementer yang dapat dilakukan dalam memberikan asuhan kebidanan pada anak balita dalam mengatasi kesulitan makan pada anak balita.

Efektivitas Senam Hamil dan Aromatherapy Lavender Terhadap Nyeri Punggung pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III: The Effectiveness of Pregnancy Exercise and Lavender Aromatherapy on Back Pain in Third Trimester Pregnant Women

Back pain in pregnant women can be defined as a common problem during pregnancy. This is due to weight gain during pregnancy and the abdominal diameter also increases and gravity moves to the front of the body, increasing pressure on the lower back. . Non-medical treatments that can be done with pregnancy exercise and lavender aromatherapy to minimize the intensity of back pain during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to compare the more effective interventions of pregnancy exercise or lavender aromatherapy. This study uses a quasi-experimental design with pretest and posttest research designs. The population of this study were 40 third trimester pregnant women. The sample in this study were 40 pregnant women because they used the total sampling technique. The results of the research conducted on the pregnancy exercise intervention obtained a p value <0.001 and in lavender aromatherapy, a p value of 0.005 was obtained, both of these values were smaller than 0.05, so it was concluded that there was a significant change. significantly before and after being given the intervention of pregnancy exercise and lavender aromatherapy intervention. 40 pregnant women were divided into 2 groups: 20 pregnant women were given pregnancy exercise interventions and 20 pregnant women were given lavender aromatherapy interventions. 20 pregnant women who were given interventions during pregnancy exercise 4 times in 1 month experienced a decrease in back pain by an average of 15.4. In 20 different pregnant women who were given lavender aromatherapy intervention and given for 2 weeks experienced a reduction in back pain on average by 9.5, from these results it can be concluded that the intervention of pregnancy exercise was more effective in reducing back pain in pregnant women than the lavender aromatherapy intervention.   Abstrak Nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil dapat didefinisikan sebagai masalah umum selama kehamilan. Ini karena kenaikan berat badan selama kehamilan dan diameter perut juga meningkat dan gravitasi bergerak ke depan tubuh, meningkatkan tekanan pada punggung bawah. . Perawatan non medis yang dapat dilakukan dengan senam hamil dan aromaterapi lavender untuk meminimalisir intensitas nyeri punggung selama kehamilan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan lebih efektif intervensi senam hamil atau aromatherapy lavender. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian semu (Quasi eksperimental design) dengan rancangan penelitian pretest dan posttest. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah 40 ibu hamil trimester III. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 40 ibu hamil karena menggunakan tekhnik total sampling Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan pada intervensi senam hamil didapatkan nilai p value < 0.001 dan pada aromatherapy lavender diperoleh nilai p value 0.005 kedua nilai ini lebih kecil dari 0.05 sehingga disimpulkan ada perubahan yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi senam hamil maupun intervensi aromatherapy lavender. 40 ibu hamil di bagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu 20 ibu hamil diberikan intervensi senam hamil dan 20 ibu hamil diberikan intervensi aromatherapy lavender.  20 ibu hamil yang diberikan intervesi senam hamil sebanyak 4 kali dalam 1 bulan mengalami penurunan nyeri punggung rata – rata sebanyak 15.4. Pada 20 ibu hamil yang berbeda diberikan intervensi aromatherapy lavender dan diberikan selama 2 minggu mengalami penurunan nyeri punggung rata – rata sebanyak 9.5, dari hasil tersebut dapat di simpulkan pada intervensi senam hamil lebih efektif menurunkan nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil dibandingkan intervensi aromatherapy lavender

PENGARUH PEER EDUCATION TERHADAP SELF EFFICACY DAN MOTIVASI PADA IBU MENYUSUI DALAM PEMBERIAN ASI

Keberhasilan ibu dalam pemberian ASI dipengaruhi beberapa faktor, diantaranya self efficacy dan motivasi ibu dalam pemberian ASI. Rendahnya motivasi dan self efficacy ibu menyusui disebabkan kurangnya pengetahuan ibu tentang menyusui, ibu mengalami kendala dalam menyusui, dan kurangnya keterpaparan informasi mengenai ASI. Upaya peningkatan self efficacy dan motivasi ibu salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan sharing berupa peer education. Intervensi tersebut dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keyakinan diri ibu sehingga self efficacy dan motivasi ibu juga meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan self efficacy dan motivasi ibu dalam pemberian ASI. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperiment dengan pendeketan pre and post with control group. Sampel berjumlah 50 responden, sampel diambil dengan stratified random. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner karakteristik responden, kuesioner BSES-SF dan kuesioner BMIMS. Analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon, Paired T-Test, Independen T-test. Uji Wilcoxon didapat hasil nilai p value pada kelompok kontrol 0,850 dan kelompok intervensi didapat hasil nilai p value 0,000. Uji Paired T-test didapat hasil nilai p value pada kelompok kontrol 0,594 dan kelompok intervensi didapat hasil nilai p value 0,000. Uji Independen T-test didapatkan nilai p value 0,000 < 0,05 artinya ada pengaruh self efficacy dan motivasi ibu dalam pemberian ASI sebelum dan sesudah pemberian paket sukses menyusui antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara peer edukasi terhadap peningkatan self efficacy dan motivasi ibu dalam pemberian ASI. Peer edukasi dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi dalam meningkatkan self efficacy dan motivasi ibu menyusu

Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy in Patients at Risk of Violent Behavior: A Case Study

Risk of Violent Behavior is one of the responses toward stressor dealt by an individual who experiences the decline of ability in solving problem, being oriented in time, place or person and feeling anxious. The purpose of this study case is to acknowledge the symptoms and signs of patients with risk of violent behavior before and after they receive exercise of progressive muscle relaxation. Symptoms of violent behavior experienced on patient I were: he was angry, yelled and slam something, because he cannot stand of being farmer and poor. Symptoms of violent behavior experienced on patient II were: Patien was angry and violent. He threw objects at home, hit his parents, had sleep difficulty, felt anxious, walked randoomly and intended to burn house since 5 days ago. The patient's diagnosis was schizophrenia with violent behavior. Intervension in this study used progressive muscle relaxation (PMR). Intervention was done for four days. It was given once a meeting and progressive muscle relaxation was done for 30 minutes. The difference of symptoms and signs before and after progressive muscle relaxation therapy was given can be seen based on the result of pre and post in both subjects. A decrease in symptoms and signs after progressive muscle relaxation therapy is a success of this therapy in controlling violent behavior, but this therapy must be carried out on cooperative patients

MANFAAT PROGRAM PHYTY DM (PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DIABETES MELITUS) UNTUK PENANGANAN KEGAWATAN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PADA LANSIA DIABETES MELITUS

Sebagian besar penderita diabetes pada lansia mengalami kerusakan saraf yaitu dengan gejala neuropati perifer, yang menyebabkan kesemutan, mati rasa, kelemahan sampai nyeri pada tangan dan kaki. Kegawatan dari gejala neuropati perifer tersebut mengakibatkan efek samping lebih berat pada lansia contohnya resiko jatuh. Pemberian terapi dengan obat-obatan digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, tapi apabila pemberian secara berlebihan akan berdampak pada kondisi kesehatan lansia. Sehingga terapi non farmakologi dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi salah satu gejala neuropati tersebut. Tujuan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran terhadap permasalahan yang terjadi pada lansia dengan diabetes melitus khususnya mengenai kegawatan physical activity dengan program PHYTY DM. Metode pengabdian masyarakat ini melalui bebarapa tahapan untuk memastikan efektifitas program PHYTY DM dalam meningkatkan aktifitas fisik dan mencegah kegawatan padan lansia dengan diabetes melitus, tahapannya adalah perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bahwa nilai pengetahuan lansia dengan diabetes melitus  sebelum dilaksanakan pengetahuan di dapatkan bahwa kategori pengetahuan dengan nilai kurang ada 15 lansia, cukup 45 lansia dan baik 9 lansia. Sedangkan setelah dilaksanakan penyuluhan program PHYTY DM kategori pengetahuan dengan nilai kurang ada 7 lansia, cukup 23 lansia dan baik 13 lansia. Dari hasil tersebut dibuktikan bahwa ada peningkatan pengetahuan lansia dengan diabetes melitus  tentang program PHYTY DM. Kesimpulan pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia dengan diabetes melitus tentang program PHYTY DM. Rencana tindak lanjut untuk kegiatan ini adalah melaksanakn kerjasama dengan kader kesehatan untuk melakukan pembinaan, bimbingan dan pemantauan kepada lansia dengan diabetes melitus tentang program PHYTY D

Modelling of the effect of ELMs on fuel retention at the bulk W divertor of JET

Effect of ELMs on fuel retention at the bulk W target of JET ITER-Like Wall was studied with multi-scale calculations. Plasma input parameters were taken from ELMy H-mode plasma experiment. The energetic intra-ELM fuel particles get implanted and create near-surface defects up to depths of few tens of nm, which act as the main fuel trapping sites during ELMs. Clustering of implantation-induced vacancies were found to take place. The incoming flux of inter-ELM plasma particles increases the different filling levels of trapped fuel in defects. The temperature increase of the W target during the pulse increases the fuel detrapping rate. The inter-ELM fuel particle flux refills the partially emptied trapping sites and fills new sites. This leads to a competing effect on the retention and release rates of the implanted particles. At high temperatures the main retention appeared in larger vacancy clusters due to increased clustering rate

Manganese and cobalt redox cycling in laterites; Biogeochemical and bioprocessing implications

This research was developed during the PhD studies of Agustín Solano Arguedas in the University of Manchester, United Kingdom. PhD scholarship was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Telecomunicaciones (MICITT) of the Government of Costa Rica and the Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Agustín Solano Arguedas is a researcher at the Unidad de Recursos Forestales (Reforesta, Unit of Forest Resources) of the Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería (INII, Engineering Research Institute), UCR.Cobalt is essential for the modern technology that underpins the decarbonisation of our economies, but its supply is limited leading to its designation as a critical metal. Cobalt biogeochemistry is poorly understood, yet knowledge of how biogeochemical cycling impacts cobalt behaviour could assist the development of new techniques to recover cobalt from ores, and so improve the security of supply. Laterites are an important source of cobalt, they are primarily processed for nickel using energy or chemical intensive processes, with cobalt recovered as a by-product. Metal-reducing conditions were stimulated in laterite sediment microcosms by the addition of simple and cheaply available organic substrates (acetate or glucose). At the end of the experiment the amount of easily recoverable cobalt (aqueous or extractable with acetic acid) increased from < 1% to up to 64%, which closely mirrored the behaviour of manganese, while only a small proportion of iron was transformed into an easily recoverable phase. Sequencing of the microbial community showed that the addition of organic substrates stimulated the growth of indigenous prokaryotes closely related to known manganese(IV)/iron(III)-reducers, particularly from the Clostridiales, and that fungi assigned to Penicillium, known to produce organic acids beneficial for leaching cobalt and nickel from laterites, were identified. Overall, the results indicate that the environmental behaviour of cobalt in laterites is likely to be controlled by manganese biogeochemical cycling by microorganisms. These results are compelling given that similar behaviour was observed in four laterites (Acoje, Çaldağ, Piauí and Shevchenko) from different continents. A new bioprocessing strategy is proposed whereby laterites are treated with an organic substrate to generate metal-reducing conditions, then rinsed with acetic acid to remove the cobalt. Not only are organic substrates environmentally-friendly and potentially sourced from waste carbon substrates, a minimal amount of iron oxides was mobilised and consequently less waste generated.Natural Environment Research Council/[CoG3 NE/M011518/1]/NERC/Reino UnidoDiamond Light Source/[SP16735]//Reino UnidoDiamond Light Source/[SP17313]//Reino UnidoOffice of Science User Facility/[DE-AC02-05CH11231]//Estados UnidosUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ingeniería::Instituto Investigaciones en Ingeniería (INII