A study of personalisation and the factors affecting the uptake of personal budgets by mental health service users in the UK - A research study commissioned by MIND

This project was commissioned by Mind to add to its knowledge base and existing work on Personalisation so as to support individuals to have greater choice and control over their care and support needs. The project was funded by the Department of Health as part of its Strategic Development fund „Personalisation and Choice of Care and Support (IESD1) 2011‟. This report provides an overview of the main findings of this qualitative study, exploring the concept of personalisation, the factors affecting its operationalisation by voluntary and statutory sector organisations, and service users‟ experiences of its implementation, particularly in relation to what affects their uptake and experience of Personal Budgets. In the course of our investigation into current practice and experience, we have identified a number of barriers and enablers. Our view is that the impact of effective action to tackle the barriers will result in an improved experience of the Personal Budget process and its outcomes for carers and front line staff as well as service users. Recommendations are made for future work in this area

Cascade oxime formation, cyclization to a nitrone, and intermolecular dipolar cycloaddition.

Simple haloaldehydes, including enolisable aldehydes, were found to be suitable for the formation of cyclic products by cascade (domino) condensation, cyclisation, dipolar cycloaddition chemistry. This multi-component reaction approach to heterocyclic compounds was explored by using hydroxylamine, a selection of aldehydes, and a selection of activated dipolarophiles. Initial condensation gives intermediate oximes that undergo cyclisation with displacement of halide to give intermediate nitrones; these nitrones undergo in situ intermolecular dipolar cycloaddition reactions to give isoxazolidines. The cycloadducts from using dimethyl fumarate were treated with zinc/acetic acid to give lactam products and this provides an easy way to prepare pyrrolizinones, indolizinones, and pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolinones. The chemistry is illustrated with a very short synthesis of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid macronecine and a formal synthesis of petasinecine

Regiochemical and Stereochemical Studies of the Intramolecular Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrones Derived from Quaternary Aldehydes

Three aldehydes each with a quaternary α-carbon stereocentre bearing an alkenyl, a phenyl, and a methyl ester group were treated with N-methylhydroxylamine. In each case bicyclic isoxazolidine products were formed by condensation to give intermediate nitrones that undergo intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition. The stereoselectivity was influenced by the α-carbonyl substituent, possibly by a hydrogen bond between CO and a nearby CH of the nitrone in the transition state (supported by DFT and X-ray studies), and the regioselectivity was affected by the length of the tether and by the presence of an ester on the alkene dipolarophile

Preparation of 1-Substituted Tetrahydro-beta-carbolines by Lithiation-Substitution

A method to prepare 1-substituted N-Boctetrahydro-β-carbolines was developed by lithiation followed by electrophilic substitution. The deprotonation to give the organolithium was optimized by in situ IR spectroscopy and showed that the Boc group rotates slowly at low temperature. The chemistry was applied to the synthesis of 9-methyleleagnine (N-methyltetrahydroharman) and 11-methylharmicine