Comparative analysis of nutritional quality and functional effects of some functional bakery products from Romanian market

One solution to improve the nutritional level of the population, especially in disadvantaged areas, is the enrichment and fortifying consumer foods. This study aims at analyzing the possible beneficial effects of bread fortified with various micronutrients that gives product functionality. The aim of research is a comparative analysis of nutritional quality and functional effects of bakery products of three major producers in Romania, respectively SC DobrogeaGrup S.A. Constanta, Smart Food Solutions Company and the VelPitar Group. We could identify thus the most efficient bakery product from the nutritional perspective as well as from the functional one. Thus, Whole Wheat bread is an important source of dietary fiber which can reduce blood cholesterol levels thereby decreasing the risk of heart disease, can promote proper digestion, can regulate blood glucose, thereby preventing type 2 diabetes and can provide a quick sensation of satiety helping to maintain body weight. Sana Bongrana Ultrafibre is rich in fiber and may reduce risk of diabetes It can also lower blood cholesterol levels, being a functional product recommended for health of cerebral, cardiovascular and digestive systems. BenecolDobrogea product is a threefold functional bread that, in addition to the lowering cholesterol effect, has a high content of fiber, which helps regulate bowel movements and at the same time, a low-carbohydrate, which recommends it to the people with diabetes. Sana BongranaBenexia bread has a remarkable nutritional value and its content of Benexia sage seeds brings an important contribution to the body of ω3 and ω6 fatty acids, with beneficial effects on the functioning of the cardiovascular and immune systems

Internal pore measurements on macroperforate planktonic Foraminifera as an alternative morphometric approach

Because of the lack of genetic control on extinct species, the morphologic approach remains the only way of identifying fossil Foraminifera. In addition to comparative description of gross shell morphology, morphometry became more important in recent years and was extended to encompass the ultrastructure of the shells. In particular, some studies focused on porosity, as determined by the pore diameters plotted against the number of pores per given surface. However, taking into account the poor preservation and recrystallization, which often affects and characterizes fossil specimens, and/or the deficiencies connected to the interpretation of scanning electron microscope images, pore measurements are often distorted, limited in number and lacking precision, and thus unreliable. We demonstrate that, by measuring the pores from inside the shell and individually, it is possible to obtain numerous and precise data either on an individual basis or for statistical purposes. This study also suggests that in the Early Miocene Globigerinoides, which is generally strongly susceptible for dissolution, the dissolution proceeds from the external towards the internal side of the shell

A Lax Equation for the Non-Linear Sigma Model

We propose a Lax equation for the non-linear sigma model which leads directly to the conserved local charges of the system. We show that the system has two infinite sets of such conserved charges following from the Lax equation, much like dispersionless systems. We show that the system has two Hamiltonian structures which are compatible so that it is truly a bi-Hamiltonian system. However, the two Hamiltonian structures act on the two distinct sets of charges to give the dynamical equations, which is quite distinct from the behavior in conventional integrable systems. We construct two recursion operators which connect the conserved charges within a given set as well as between the two sets. We show explicitly that the conserved charges are in involution with respect to either of the Hamiltonian structures thereby proving complete integrability of the system. Various other interesting features are also discussed.Comment: Latex, 13 page

Dispersionless Fermionic KdV

We analyze the dispersionless limits of the Kupershmidt equation, the SUSY KdV-B equation and the SUSY KdV equation. We present the Lax description for each of these models and bring out various properties associated with them as well as discuss open questions that need to be addressed in connection with these models.Comment: 15 page

The Break - Even Point and the Leverage Effect – Instruments for Assessing the Economic and Financial Risk

Abstract: The establishing by any company, depending on the domain of activity, of an minimum objective to be attained, so that the business should become profitable, is the aim principle of this article. In order to attain this goal, the assumed risk is considered, which implies the use of certain assessing instruments, as the break-even point and the leverage effect. This approach stands for a significant step in making strategic decisions, being a way to evaluating company security in case in which market conditions become unfavourable