James B. Collins, La Bretagne dans l’État royal, Classes sociales, États provinciaux et Ordre public de l’édit d’union à la révolte des Bonnets rouges

James. B. Colins est un amoureux de la Bretagne, ce qui ne l’empêche pas d’avoir un regard objectif et riche de nouveauté sur l’histoire politique et sociale de la province aux xvieet xviiesiècles. Professeur à l’université de Georgetown (Washington) il a publié ce livre en anglais, en 1994, chez Cambridge University Press. Il faut saluer cette excellente initiative des universitaires bretons d’avoir voulu donner une version française à un livre de cette importance sur le plan scientifique, d..

Hilltop settlement dynamics in Provence between the 5th - 9th c.: results and research prospects

International audienc

Frends in the Education Activities of the Trade-Union in Japan.

International audienc

Relation entre composition corporelle et valeurs spirométriques dans la population adulte de Kinshasa de 20 à 70 ans: Body composition and spirometric values in an adult population of Kinshasa, aged 20-70 years

Context. Impact of individual anthropometric measures on spirometric values has been previously established. The relevance of body mass indices (BMI) is increasingly being considered, especially in the establishment of reference spirometric equations. Objective. To assess the influence of body composition on spirometric values in healthy adults. Methods. In a cross-sectional survey, spirometric and body composition data of participants were analyzed. Spirometry was performed using a SPIROBANK A23-OU and body indices measured with an OMRON brand impedance meter, type BF 511. Multivariate linear regression helped to determine association between studied parameters, stratified by sex and age groups. Results. A total of 7443 subjects (males, 56.9 %), median age of 37 years for men and 39 years for women were included. A negative correlation regardless of gender, was observed between spirometric values (FEV1, FVC, PEF° and body mass indices including: fat mass (Men vs Women: r= 0.009, P < 0.001 vs r= 0.003, P=0.148), visceral fat, waist size and BMI. Differences were significantely linked to the proportion of fat mass and/or a BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m². Lean mass, on the other hand, appeared to positively influence respiratory function in both genders (r= 0.003; P=0.218 vs r=0.018, P< 0.0001). Conclusion. The study emphasizes the relevance of integrating anthropometric and body composition data in the determination of spirometric reference values. Larger community based surveys are needed to validate the reference equations for futher use. Contexte. Les données anthropométriques influencent les valeurs spirométriques d’un individu. La contribution des indices de masse corporelle est de plus en plus considérée, surtout dans l’établissement des équations de référence pour une population donnée. Objectif. Evaluer l’impact de la composition corporelle sur les valeurs spirométriques dans une population des sujets sains. Méthodes. L’enquête transversale a analysé les données spirométriques et les indices de la composition corporelle (IMC) de participants. Les valeurs spirométriques ont été mesurées à l’aide d’un spiromètre de marque SPIROBANK A23-0U, et les indices de masse corporelle, à l’aide d’un impédancimètre de marque OMRON, type BF 511. Les associations ont été recherchées entre paramètres étudiés stratifiés par sexe et en groupes d’âge, à l’aide d’une analyse multivariée par régression linéaire. Résultats. Au total, 7443 sujets (sexe masculin, 56,9%), d’âge médian de 37 ans chez les hommes et 39 ans chez les femmes ont été inclus. Une corrélation négative, indépendamment du sexe, a été observée entre les valeurs spirométriques (VEMS, CVF, DEP) et les indices de masse corporelle dont : la masse grasse (Hommes vs Femmes : r =0,009, P<0,0001 vs r=0,003, P=0,148), la graisse viscérale, le tour de taille et l’IMC. Cette dernière était plus marquée chez les sujets avec proportion plus importante de masse grasse et/ou un IMC ≥ 30 Kg par m². La masse maigre quant à elle, semblait positivement influencer la fonction respiratoire et ce, indépendamment du sexe (r= 0,003 ; P= 0,218 vs r=0,018, P < 0,0001). Conclusion : Cette étude renforce la pertinence d’intégrer les données anthropométriques et de la composition corporelle dans la détermination des valeurs spirométriques de référence. Des enquêtes multicentriques s’imposent, en vue de la validation des équations de référence. &nbsp

An Original ELISA-Based Multiplex Method for the Simultaneous Detection of 5 SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies Directed against Different Antigens

Strategies to detect SARS-CoV-2 are increasingly being developed. Among them, serological methods have been developed. Nevertheless, although these may present an interesting clinical performance, they are often directed against only one antigen. This study aims at evaluating the clinical performance of an innovative multiplex immunoassay (i.e. CoViDiag assay) detecting simultaneously the presence of antibodies directed against N, S1, S2, RBD and NTD antigens. Sensitivity was evaluated in 135 samples obtained from 94 rRT-PCR confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Non-SARS-CoV-2 sera (n = 132) collected before the COVID-19 pandemic with potential cross-reactions to the SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay were included in the specificity analysis. The antibody signature was also studied in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. The specificity of the CoViDiag assay was excellent for all antibodies (99.2 to 100%) using adapted cut-offs. None of the false positive samples were positive for more than one antibody. The sensitivity obtained from samples collected 14 days since symptom onset varied from 92.0 to 100.0% depending on the antibody considered. Among samples collected more than 14 days after symptom onset, 12.8, 66.3, 3.5, 9.3, 5.8 and 2.3% were positive for 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 or 0 antibodies, respectively. A trend toward higher antibody titers was observed in hospitalized patient in the early days since symptom onset. However, no significant difference was observed compared to non-hospitalized patients after 14 days since symptom onset. The clinical performance of the CoViDiag 5 IgG assay is sufficient to recommend its use for the detection and the characterization of the antibody signature following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The combination of several antigens in the same test improves the overall specificity and sensitivity of the test. Further research is needed to investigate whether this strategy may be of interest to identify severe disease outcome in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016

A herança musical da escravidão

A escravidão colocou em contato povos de diferentes origens em situações radicalmente novas, em um contexto de violência e dominação extremas. Apesar disso, tais contatos, a despeito da brutalidade que os fundava e das profundas desigualdades então engendradas, resultaram também em processos de mistura e criação cultural que produziram, especialmente, novas formas de expressão musicais. Este artigo busca analisar, de uma perspectiva comparada, processos sociais de criação musical no contexto de sociedades escravagistas ou pós-escravagistas, especialmente o surgimento de novas formas musicas nos Estados Unidos e na África do Sul

The emergency department arrival mode and its relations to ED management and 30-day mortality in acute heart failure:an ancillary analysis from the EURODEM study

Background: Acute heart failure patients are often encountered in emergency departments (ED) from 11% to 57% using emergency medical services (EMS). Our aim was to evaluate the association of EMS use with acute heart failure patients’ ED management and short-term outcomes. Methods: This was a sub-analysis of a European EURODEM study. Data on patients presenting with dyspnoea were collected prospectively from European EDs. Patients with ED diagnosis of acute heart failure were categorized into two groups: those using EMS and those self-presenting (non- EMS). The independent association between EMS use and 30-day mortality was evaluated with logistic regression. Results: Of the 500 acute heart failure patients, with information about the arrival mode to the ED, 309 (61.8%) arrived by EMS. These patients were older (median age 80 vs. 75 years, p &lt; 0.001), more often female (56.4% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.002) and had more dementia (18.7% vs. 7.2%, p &lt; 0.001). On admission, EMS patients had more often confusion (14.2% vs. 2.1%, p &lt; 0.001) and higher respiratory rate (24/min vs. 21/min, p = 0.014; respiratory rate &gt; 30/min in 17.1% patients vs. 7.5%, p = 0.005). The only difference in ED management appeared in the use of ventilatory support: 78.3% of EMS patients vs. 67.5% of non- EMS patients received supplementary oxygen (p = 0.007), and non-invasive ventilation was administered to 12.5% of EMS patients vs. 4.2% non- EMS patients (p = 0.002). EMS patients were more often hospitalized (82.4% vs. 65.9%, p &lt; 0.001), had higher in-hospital mortality (8.7% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.014) and 30-day mortality (14.3% vs. 4.9%, p &lt; 0.001). The use of EMS was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (OR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.11–5.81, p = 0.027). Conclusion: Most acute heart failure patients arrive at ED by EMS. These patients suffer from more severe respiratory distress and receive more often ventilatory support. EMS use is an independent predictor of 30-day mortality.</p