Brazil’s Financial Centers in the Twenty-first Century: Hierarchy, Specialization, and Concentration

The purpose of this article is to examine how the geography of Brazil’s financial centers changed since 2000 in terms of financial center hierarchy, specialization, and spatial concentration. To address these questions, we use data on employment and mergers and acquisitions in financial and business services, complemented with data on remuneration and bank assets. Our results show that São Paulo has consolidated its dominance as Brazil’s primary financial center, with market for corporate control as an important channel of this process. Rio’s decline as a financial center, which started more than fifty years ago, has continued into this century. At the same time, Brasília has emerged as the third most important financial center of Brazil. We document the recent dynamic of this territorial division of labor, with Rio’s specialization in insurance and Brasília’s dependence on government-owned banks. Finally, we show signs that Brazil’s financial center activities might be following an inverse U-shaped pattern whereby increasing geographical concentration is followed by its slow decline

Regionalização no SUS: uma revisão crítica

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.O artigo tem por objeto a produção científica sobre o tema da Regionalização da Saúde em periódicos brasileiros indexados no SciELO. Objetivo: Revisar tal produção, trabalhando os resultados como subsídios para gestores na tomada de decisão e também para o processo de análise da produção acadêmica sobre a temática. Método: Busca na base de dados online de artigos no SciELO, utilizando-se 02/06/2016 como corte temporal, ‘regionalização’ e ‘saúde’ como termos pesquisados e todos os índices como ‘abrangência da pesquisa’. Identificou-se 102 referências, cujos resumos foram analisados, chegando-se a 70 artigos que, efetivamente, discutem a regionalização da saúde no Brasil. Encontrou-se 4 artigos em periódicos fora da área da saúde. Análise: Critérios institucionais (periódico, área temática, data da publicação, abrangência, quantidade de autores) e categorias analíticas criadas pelo autor – Tipo 1, envolvendo “Estudos Exploratórios” (26), “Estudos Avaliativos” (6), “Estudos Comparados” (3) e “Relatos de Experiência” (5); Tipo 2, abrangendo “Textos Teóricos-Analíticos” (20) e “Revisões Histórico-Conceituais” (4); Tipo 3, com “Editoriais” (3) e “Resenhas de Livros” (3). Resultados: A regionalização tem repercussão nos periódicos a partir de 2010. Predominam artigos na categoria de Tipo 1.This article is a review of the literature on the regionalization of healthcare, published in Brazilian journals indexed in the SciELO system. Objective: to review the output and the use of the data to support managers in making decisions on the healthcare system, and analyze academic output on the theme. Method: An online search of the SciELO database for articles using ‘regionalization’ and ‘health/healthcare’ as the keywords, and all indices as the ‘scope of the study’. We found a total of 102 references, and after analyzing the abstracts selected 70 articles that effectively discuss regionalization of health/healthcare in Brazil. We also found four articles in non-health related journals. Analysis: the institutional criteria (journal, theme area, date of publication, scope and number of authors), and the analytical criteria created by author - Type 1 - “Exploratory Studies” (26), “Evaluation Studies” (6), “Comparison Studies” (3); and “Reports of Experience” (5), Type 2 - “Theoretical-Analytical” papers (20) and “Historical-Conceptual Reviews” (4), and Type 3 - “Editorials (3) and “Book Reviews” (3). Findings: regionalization has become more important in journals published since 2010. Most of the articles fall in the Type 1 category