Synthesis Paper: Targeted Livestock Grazing: Prescription for Healthy Rangelands

Targeted livestock grazing is a proven tool for manipulating rangeland vegetation, and current knowledge about targeted livestock grazing is extensive and expanding rapidly. Targeted grazing prescriptions optimize the timing, frequency, intensity, and selectivity of grazing (or browsing) in combinations that purposely exert grazing/browsing pressure on specific plant species or portions of the landscape. Targeted grazing differs from traditional grazing management in that the goal of targeted grazing is to apply defoliation or trampling to achieve specific vegetation management objectives, whereas the goal of traditional livestock grazing management is generally the production of livestock commodities. A shared aim of targeted livestock grazing and traditional grazing management is to sustain healthy soils, flora, fauna, and water resources that, in turn, can sustain natural ecological processes (e.g., nutrient cycle, water cycle, energy flow). Targeted grazing prescriptions integrate knowledge of plant ecology, livestock nutrition, and livestock foraging behavior. Livestock can be focused on target areas through fencing, herding, or supplement placement. Although practices can be developed to minimize the impact of toxins contained in target plants, the welfare of the animals used in targeted grazing must be a priority. Monitoring is needed to determine if targeted grazing is successful and to refine techniques to improve efficacy and efficiency. Examples of previous research studies and approaches are presented to highlight the ecological benefits that can be achieved when targeted grazing is applied properly. These cases include ways to suppress invasive plants and ways to enhance wildlife habitat and biodiversity. Future research should address the potential to select more adapted and effective livestock for targeted grazing and the associated animal welfare concerns with this practice. Targeted livestock grazing provides land managers a viable alternative to mechanical, chemical, and prescribed fire treatments to manipulate rangeland vegetation

Phytostabilization of mine tailings using compost-assisted direct planting: Translating greenhouse results to the field

Standard practice in reclamation of mine tailings is the emplacement of a 15 to 90 cm soil/gravel/rock cap which is then hydro-seeded. In this study we investigate compost-assisted direct planting phytostabilization technology as an alternative to standard cap and plant practices. In phytostabilization the goal is to establish a vegetative cap using native plants that stabilize metals in the root zone with little to no shoot accumulation. The study site is a barren 62-hectare tailings pile characterized by extremely acidic pH as well as lead, arsenic, and zinc each exceeding 2000 mg kg(-1). The study objective is to evaluate whether successful greenhouse phytostabilization results are scalable to the field. In May 2010, a 0.27 ha study area was established on the Iron King Mine and Humboldt Smelter Superfund (IKMHSS) site with six irrigated treatments; tailings amended with 10, 15, or 20% (w/w) compost seeded with amix of native plants (buffalo grass, arizona fescue, quailbush, mountain mahogany, mesquite, and catclaw acacia) and controls including composted (15 and 20%) unseeded treatments and an uncomposted unseeded treatment. Canopy cover ranging from 21 to 61% developed after 41 months in the compost-amended planted treatments, a canopy cover similar to that found in the surrounding region. No plants grew on unamended tailings. Neutrophilic heterotrophic bacterial counts were 1.5 to 4 orders of magnitude higher after 41 months in planted versus unamended control plots. Shoot tissue accumulation of various metal(loids) was at or below Domestic Animal Toxicity Limits, with some plant specific exceptions in treatments receiving less compost. Parameters including % canopy cover, neutrophilic heterotrophic bacteria counts, and shoot uptake of metal(loids) are promising criteria to use in evaluating reclamation success. In summary, compost amendment and seeding, guided by preliminary greenhouse studies, allowed plant establishment and sustained growth over 4 years demonstrating feasibility for this phytostabilization technology. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.NIEHS Superfund Research Program [2 P42 ES04940]24 month embargo; published online: 13 May 2016This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Les médias régionaux

Le krach économique de l'été 1998 a fragilisé les médias russes. Un an après, dès l'automne 1999, la Russie entrait dans une longue période électorale, les élections au Parlement ayant été avancées à décembre 1999, puis les élections à la présidence à mars 2000 après la démission de Boris Eltsine. Les deux éléments conjugués ont poussé les potentats régionaux, financiers et politiques, à vouloir mettre la main sur les médias. Menaces, chantages et même l'assassinat ont été utilisés pour intimider la corporation des journalistes. Toutefois, selon Virginie Coulloudon, les médias régionaux résistent mieux que les médias nationaux aux pressions exercées sur eux. Le texte que nous publions est une version actualisée par l'auteur de l'article paru dans le Nieman Reports, publication du département de journalisme de Harvard (volume 53, n° 3, automne 1999).Coulloudon Virginie. Les médias régionaux. In: Communication et langages, n°123, 1er trimestre 2000. Dossier : Les médias en Russie. pp. 42-50

Tour Through Great Online Classes

Tour Through Great Online Classes By Lileen Coulloudon, MBA, Online Quality Assurance Specialist, School of Distance Education and Janine Lim, PhD, Associate Dean, Online Higher Education, School of Distance Education The presentation will provide information and examples of online course attributes that will ensure the course meets Andrews University standards, meets accreditation requirements and leads to student success. We will showcase examples and best practices that illustrate how to use available technology to organize a course so it is easy for students to navigate and meet the requirements how to best integrate faith how to encourage critical thinking and student reflection how to create an engaging learning community how to be a visible, present and active faculty how to create quality and useful feedback using useful online assessment technique

Explore New Standards for Online, Blended and Digital Courses

SUNY and the Online Learning Consortium have recently updated their standards. The SUNY Online Course Quality Review Rubric has been updated, responding to changes in regulations for regular and substantive interaction. The Online Learning Consortium has recently released the Digital Courseware Instructional Practice rubric, which is useful even for face-to-face courses using digital resources. Come benchmark your LearningHub course and digital teaching using these rubrics. Learn and share strategies to meet the standards

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Nationalités : unité et diversité

The Rise of Nationalism : Unity and Diversity, by Virginie Coulloudon December 1986 marked the beginning of a new nationalist wave in the USSR. Against expectations, there was an explosion of nationalist aspirations beginning in Alma-Ata, spreading to the Christian republics, and soon visible in the humblest of Muslim homes. The fundamental causes of the latest uphea-vals in Kazakh, Armenia, the Baltic région and Georgia would appear to be similar. They stem from the same impatience of peoples avid for reform to whom the récent advent of a genuinely informative press has given a taste for freedom.Décembre 1986 et les émeutes d'Alma-Ata marquent le retour d'une nouvelle vague d'explosions nationalistes en URSS. On scrutait le moindre foyer musulman et, contre toute attente, les revendications les plus indépendantistes sont parvenues des républiques chrétiennes. A l'examen de ces dernières manifestations kazakhes, arméniennes, baltes ou géorgiennes, il apparaît que les causes fondamentales sont communes. L'impatience d'une population avide de réformes, l'émergence d'une presse informative et le désarroi de son lectorat semblent être liés aux soulèvements.Coulloudon. Nationalités : unité et diversité. In: Politique étrangère, n°2 - 1989 - 54ᵉannée. pp. 247-252