An Exploration of Overparenting and College Student Ability to Manage the Stress Associated with College Life

There has been an increase in the level of anxiety, perceived stress, and mental health problems among college students. An examination of the contributions of parenting to these increases may help in improving college student mental health; however, research is limited in this area. This study examined the associations between overparenting, and other types of parenting including, authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive parenting, and differentiation of self, cognitive emotion regulation, perceived stress, and state and trait anxiety. The participants were 163 undergraduate college students (74.8% identified as cisgender women, 25.2% identified as cisgender men). The participants completed questionnaires that described their mother’s and father’s parenting behavior. The participants also completed questionnaires assessing their differentiation of self, cognitive emotion regulation strategy use, perceived stress, and state and trait anxiety. The results concerning parenting and differentiation of self indicated high levels of overparenting, and authoritarian parenting by mothers and by fathers were associated with lower levels of differentiation of self. Also, high levels of authoritative and permissive parenting by mothers and by fathers were associated with higher levels of differentiation of self. The results concerning parenting and cognitive emotion regulation indicated high levels of overparenting and authoritarian parenting by mothers and by fathers were associated with higher levels of using maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. A contrasting pattern emerged with high levels of authoritative parenting and permissive parenting being associated with higher levels of using adaptive emotion regulation strategies. The results concerning parenting, perceived stress, and anxiety indicated overparenting by mothers and by fathers was related to perceived stress and trait anxiety, and overparenting by mothers was positively related to state anxiety. Authoritarian parenting by mothers and by fathers was positively related to perceived stress, while authoritative parenting by mothers was negatively associated with perceived stress, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. These findings have important clinical and developmental implications for how overparenting and other types of parenting may contribute to increased perceived stress and anxiety in college students

Exponential Molecular Amplification by H2O2-Mediated Autocatalytic Deprotection of Boronic Ester Probes to Redox Cyclers

International audienceHerein, we describe a new molecular autocatalytic reaction scheme based on a H2O2-mediated deprotection of a boronate ester probe into a redox cycling compound, generating an exponential signal gain in the presence of O2 and a reducing agent or enzyme. For such a purpose, new chemosensing probes built around a naphthoquinone/naphthohydroquinone redox-active core, masked by a self-immolative boronic ester protecting group, were designed. With these probes, typical autocatalytic kinetic traces with characteristic lags and exponential phases were obtained using either a UV-visible or fluorescence optical detection, or also using an electrochemical monitoring. Detection of concentrations as low as 0.5 µM H2O2 and 0.5 nM of a naphthoquinone derivative were achieved in a relatively short time (< 1 hr). From kinetic analysis of the two cross-activated catalytic loops associated to the autocatalysis, the key parameters governing the autocatalytic reaction network were determined, indirectly showing that the analytical performances are currently limited by the slow nonspecific self-deprotection of boronate probes. Collectively, the present results demonstrate the potential of this new exponential molecular amplification strategy, which, due to its generic nature and modularity, is quite promising for coupling to a wide range of bioassays involving H2O2 or redox cycling compounds, or for being used as a new building block in the development of more complex chemical reaction networks

Genetic characterization of brazilian annual Arachis species from sections Arachis and Heteranthae using RAPD markers.

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Diagnóstico nutricional de variedades de cafeeiro pelo método Dris na região norte do Paraná, Brasil

Due to the lack of knowledge on the nutritional status of the coffee shrub, DRIS method was introduced incoffee culture in the northern region of the state of Parana, Brazil. Current research aimed at establishing a data base for DRIS guidelines in coffee culture and introducing other parameters for the rational and balanced application of fertilizers. Assay was performed between February 2011 and February 2012 (Harvest 2011/201) in coffee plantations in the municipality of Pitangueiras PR Brazil, 23o 14’ 03” S and 51o 35’ 06” W; altitude 600 m. Leaf samples from 75 coffee shrub lots were retrieved from 69 plantations, featuring cultivars IAPAR 59, IPR 98, IPR 99, Catuaí, Mundo Novo and Tupi. DRIS norms were established for the nutritional diagnosis of the coffee shrub for the northern region of the state of Paraná through the criterion of productivity at 55 sacks ha-1. Data revealed that potassium constituted the highest deficiency, followed by Cu and Zn. Fe, S and Mn had excessive rates with regard to parameters at regional level.Devido à falta de conhecimentos relativos ao estado nutricional do cafeeiro, procurou-se conhecer e estabelecer o método DRIS, nessa cultura, na região Norte do estado do Paraná. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, formar um banco de dados para o estabelecimento das normas DRIS para a cultura do café, bem como estabelecer outros parâmetros para aplicação de fertilizantes de forma racional e equilibrada. O experimento foi realizado no período de fevereiro de 2011 a fevereiro de 2012 (safra 2011/2012), em propriedades rurais localizadas no município de Pitangueiras – PR, com coordenadas geográficas 23o 14’ 03” S e 51o 35’ 06” W, estando a uma altitude de 600 m. Foram coletadas amostras de folhas de 75 lotes de lavouras de café (Coffea arabica L.), presentes em 69 propriedades rurais com as cultivares IAPAR 59, IPR 98, IPR 99, Catuaí, Mundo Novo e Tupi. Obteve-se o estabelecimento das normas DRIS para a diagnose nutricional do cafeeiro para o Norte do estado do Paraná, utilizando como ponto de corte a produtividade de 55 sc ha-1. Observou-se que o nutriente mais limitante foi o K, seguido do Cu e Zn. Quanto aos teores dos nutrientes excessivos, o Fe, S e Mn foram os mais representativos a nível regional

Fontes de potássio na adubação de cobertura do algodoeiro II - Avaliação do estado nutricional da cultura

A field experiment was conducted in Sapezal, Mato Grosso state, Brazil, in the 2007/2008 agricultural season, with the aim of determining the effect of potassium sources on cotton nutritional status. The treatments consisted of application in covering, via soil, at rate of 100 kg ha-1 of K2O, in two split applications, with KCl, K2SO4, KNO3 and K2SO4.2MgSO4 sources. Nutrients concentration in leaf tissues at bloom stage was evaluated, being interpreted by the critical level and the DRIS methods. S content in cotton leaves and the S index was higher when used K2SO4.2MgSO4 fertilizer. The Nutritional Balance Index (NBI) values were coherent with cotton yield, being the highest yields obtained with the smallest NBI in the covering fertilization with K2SO4.2MgSO4.Conduziu-se um experimento de campo, em Sapezal – MT, no ano agrícola de 2007/2008, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito das fontes de potássio sobre o estado nutricional do algodoeiro. Os tratamentos constaram da aplicação em cobertura via solo na dose de 100 kg ha-1 de K2O, parcelada em duas aplicações, nas fontes KCl, K2SO4, KNO3 e K2SO4.2MgSO4. Avaliou-se os teores de nutrientes nas folhas de algodão no florescimento, sendo interpretados pelo método do nível crítico e pelo DRIS. O teor de S nas folhas de algodão e o Índice S foram maiores com a utilização do adubo K2SO4.2MgSO4. O IBN apresentou coerência entre os seus valores e as produtividades dos tratamentos, sendo as maiores produtividades obtidas com o menor IBN na adubação potássica de cobertura na fonte K2SO4.2MgSO4

PRODUÇÃO DE MATÉRIA SECA DO MILHO E FERTILIDADE DO SOLO EM FUNÇÃO DA GESSAGEM EM EXCESSO

O trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o crescimento vegetativo da parte aérea de plantas de milho, assim como alterações em atributos químicos do solo em função da aplicação de doses excessivas de gesso agrícola, independentemente de critérios de recomendação. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, de Abril a Maio de 2005, com as seguintes doses de gesso: 0, 0,5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 e 32 t.ha-1. As porções de solo foram adubadas com 150 mg.dm-3 de P (MAP), 120 mg.dm-3 de K (KCl) e 25 mg.dm-3 de N (Nitrato de Amônio). O crescimento aéreo das plantas de milho respondeu positivamente à gessagem. A adição de gesso, com doses de até 32 t.ha-1, não reduz a acidez ativa e a acidez potencial do solo. A gessagem aumenta os teores de Ca do solo, porém com incrementos expressivos somente a partir de 4 t.ha-1 de gesso. A disponibilidade de Mg do solo é reduzida devido à gessagem. Os teores de SO42- do solo são aumentados em até 10 vezes com a adição de 4 t.ha-1 de gesso

SUBSTRATO E ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE MARACUJAZEIRO AMARELO EM CONDIÇÕES PROTEGIDAS

Atualmente, mudas de diversas fruteiras são produzidas no cultivo protegido, com o uso de substratos aliados a adubações. Há necessidade de substrato de fácil aquisição e que proporcione mudas de boa qualidade. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes substratos comerciais e doses de nitrogênio sobre o desenvolvimento de mudas de maracujazeiro em condições protegidas. Os tratamentos consistiram de três substratos comerciais (Bioplant®, Fibra de coco e Vivato®) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (0; 150; 300 e 600 mg dm-³ N). Após 120 dias, avaliou-se a altura de planta, número de folhas, peso da matéria seca de parte aérea (MSPA), raizes (MSR) e total (MST) e o teor de clorofila (SPAD). Na altura das plantas, a Fibra de Coco diferiu significativamente dos demais substratos. A altura máxima de 122 cm foi obtida na dose de 600 mg dm-³ de N. No número de folhas a Fibra de coco proporcionou a melhor resposta com média de 20 folhas, sendo superiores Bioplant® e Vivatto®. Na MSPA a Fibra de Coco e Bioplant® foram superiores em relação ao Vivatto®, e na avaliação de MST observou-se o acúmulo máximo de 19 g de matéria seca das mudas na dose de 600 mg dm-³ de N nas plantas desenvolvidas com Bioplant®. No teor de clorofila os melhores resultados foram obtidos no substrato Bioplant® com média de valores SPAD de 40, mas não houve diferença para a Fibra de coco