El control interno y sus restricciones

Pese a que el control interno ha existido desde siempre, inicialmente como una práctica extrema de supervisión, castigo o responsabilidad, se reglamenta a partir de la Constitución Política de Colombia de 1991 en su Artículo 209 que reza: La función administrativa está al servicio de los intereses generales y se desarrolla con fundamento en los principios de igualdad, moralidad, eficacia, economía, celeridad, imparcialidad y publicidad, mediante la descentralización, la delegación y la desconcentración de funciones. Las autoridades administrativas deben coordinar sus actuaciones para el adecuado cumplimiento de los fines del Estado. La administración pública, en todos sus órdenes, tendrá un control interno que se ejercerá en los términos que señale la ley

Cambio conceptual en estudiantes del departamento del Tolima frente al conocimiento biol?gico de serpientes, prevenci?n y primeros auxilios ante el accidente of?dico, a partir de una propuesta de educaci?n ambiental enfocada al aprendizaje basado en problemas

102 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLas serpientes son causantes de alrededor de tres millones de accidentes por mordeduras al a?o en el mundo. Desde el a?o 2004, la Organizaci?n Mundial de la Salud consider? esto como problem?tica de salud p?blica. En Colombia, se han determinado ocho familias de serpientes, 71 g?neros y 270 especies, de las cuales 37 son venenosas. En la regi?n del Tolima, por su ubicaci?n y configuraci?n geogr?fica, diversidad altitudinal y climatol?gica, se han logrado identificar 61 especies, de las cuales tan solo 8 son venenosas, sin embargo, la incidencia del accidente of?dico constituye una alerta epidemiol?gica en el pa?s. Los intentos para enfrentar esta problem?tica se han basado primordialmente en la fabricaci?n de sueros antiof?dicos y protocolos hospitalarios, pero es notable relativamente, la falta de estrategias de prevenci?n. Este estudio abarca la problem?tica de la accidentalidad of?dica de manera pedag?gica y did?ctica fundamentada en el aprendizaje basado en problemas (ABP), el cual evalu? el estado de conocimiento y cambio conceptual acerca de las serpientes, en una poblaci?n del departamento del Tolima. Se determin? que el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP), como m?todo de ense?anza y aprendizaje, tuvo buena recepci?n por los estudiantes, tambi?n el uso de material biol?gico favoreci? el desarrollo de los talleres, porque las concepciones sobre los temas abordados mejoraron en comparaci?n con sus conocimientos previos. Palabras claves: Educaci?n ambiental, serpientes, concepcionesSnakes are causative for about three million bite accidents a year in the world. Since 2004, the World Health Organization considered this as a public health problem. In Colombia, eight families of snakes, 71 genera and 270 species have been established, of which 37 are poisonous. In the Tolima region, due to its location and geographical configuration, altitudinal and climatological diversity, 61 species have been identified, of which only 8 are poisonous; however, the incidence of the ophidian accident establishes an epidemiological alert in the country. Attempts to deal with this problem have been based primarily on the manufacture of antivenom sera and hospital protocols, but it?s relatively noticeable, the lack of prevention strategies. This study comprises the ophidian accident issue in a pedagogical and didactic way supported on problem-based learning (PBL), which evaluated the state of knowledge and conceptual change about snakes in a population of the department of Tolima. It was determined that the problem-based learning (PBL), as a teaching and learning method, was well received by the students, the use of biological material also favored the development of the workshops, because the conceptions on the addressed topics improved compared to their previous knowledge Keywords: Environmental education, snakes, conceptio

Evaluation of Erosion Resistance of Advanced Turbine Thermal Barrier Coatings

The erosion resistant turbine thermal barrier coating system is critical to aircraft engine performance and durability. By demonstrating advanced turbine material testing capabilities, we will be able to facilitate the critical turbine coating and subcomponent development and help establish advanced erosion-resistant turbine airfoil thermal barrier coatings design tools. The objective of this work is to determine erosion resistance of advanced thermal barrier coating systems under simulated engine erosion and/or thermal gradient environments, validating advanced turbine airfoil thermal barrier coating systems based on nano-tetragonal phase toughening design approaches

Mach 0.3 Burner Rig Facility at the NASA Glenn Materials Research Laboratory

This Technical Memorandum presents the current capabilities of the state-of-the-art Mach 0.3 Burner Rig Facility. It is used for materials research including oxidation, corrosion, erosion and impact. Consisting of seven computer controlled jet-fueled combustors in individual test cells, these relatively small rigs burn just 2 to 3 gal of jet fuel per hour. The rigs are used as an efficient means of subjecting potential aircraft engine/airframe advanced materials to the high temperatures, high velocities and thermal cycling closely approximating actual operating environments. Materials of various geometries and compositions can be evaluated at temperatures from 700 to 2400 F. Tests are conducted not only on bare superalloys and ceramics, but also to study the behavior and durability of protective coatings applied to those materials

Programa para el manejo de la ansiedad en niños en condiciones de vulnerabilidad

Curso de Especial InterésEl objetivo del presente trabajo es diseñar un programa de evaluación e intervención para la Ansiedad Escolar en niños de 9 a 12 años de edad, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones de vulnerabilidad en el cual se desarrolla dicha población. Con el fin de que estos niños y/o niñas generen funcionalmente patrones emocionales, cognitivos y conductuales, que les permita continuar su desarrollo biopsicosocial de una manera más adaptativa dentro de su entorno y contexto, convirtiéndose además en un agente de cambio dentro su red de apoyo primaria, se ha propuesto un programa en el cual se logre mitigar la ansiedad escolar, abordando variables contextuales, es decir, condiciones de vulnerabilidad tales como: estratos socioeconómicos 0, 1, 2 y 3; condiciones de pobreza; ambiente escolar hostil y marginal; indiferencia o falta de interés por parte de la familia o niños con características de posible maltrato físico y psicológico que les genera ansiedad. Los resultados muestran la importancia de realizar dicha labor con un grupo interdisciplinar, si es necesario, además de hacer partícipes tanto a padres como a docentes en dicho proceso, teniendo en cuenta las implicaciones e impacto que cumple el rol de cada uno de ellos dentro del proceso de desarrollo de niños y niñas con ansiedad escolar.PregradoPsicólog

Examining Dietary Acculturation in Hispanic Males Residing in South Mississippi

This study explored dietary behavior in terms of dietary intake, dietary intake change and dietary contributing factors in a sample of Hispanic males residing in southern Mississippi that are at various stages of the acculturation process. Grounded theory and the bidimensional acculturation model were incorporated to identify the dietary factors and assess acculturation in each participant. Qualitative and quantitative measures were used in data collection. Qualitative measurements included Semistructured interviews, a focus group, and photovoice with group interviews. The ARSMA-II, Marginality Scale, Fruit/Vegetable and Fat Food Screeners, a psychosocial dietary questionnaire, and the New Vital Signs Food Label for Health Literacy were quantitative instruments used to examine acculturation and dietary behavior. All interviews and questionnaires were interviewer-administered in either Spanish or English as specified by the participant. Grounded theory drove the data analysis. First, the ARSMA-II and Marginality scale scores were determined for each participant, and each participant was placed into one of four bidimensional acculturation groups. Second, three trained qualitative coders, used open, axial, and selective coding to extract codes, identify themes and main themes, draw connections between themes and identify and define core categories. Ill-defined and unclear themes were identified during this process, leading to the photovoice and group interviews which were used to clarify ill-defined themes. Constant comparison was used to incorporate the quantitative data into the qualitative data findings and compare data across groups. Dietary patterns and contributing factors for each acculturation group were identified and compared across groups, and a dietary acculturation conceptual framework was proposed. Information gained can be used to inform nutrition practice and nutrition intervention development relevant to Hispanic males

GAS LESS TRANSACTION ON BLOCKCHAIN

The aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method and system for paying transaction fee in non-native currency. The system is linked with self-custody wallet and smart contract wallet of a user. The system performs payment transactions from the smart contract wallet to at least one of a recipient wallet and a portal. The system comprises an I/O interface, a processor, a memory, and a portal. The portal receives, as input, a transaction amount from the user. The portal calculates a transaction fee against the transaction amount in the same currency as the transaction amount. The portal transmits a message request comprising a total amount to the smart contract wallet. The smart contract wallet transfers the transaction amount to the recipient wallet and the transaction fee (in non-native currency) to the portal

The Feasibility of Using the Super Tracker Website for Behavior Changes in the Adolescent Population

Research suggests technology such as health websites may be a viable way to effect lifestyle behavior and promote health. Several websites utilize self-monitoring of physical activity and diet as well as provide health-related education as a method to impact behavior. One such site is the Super Tracker tool on ChooseMyPlate.gov, created by the United States Department of Health. The site was created to encourage healthy diet and physical activity within the US population. Therefore, the aim of this original research was to examine the acceptability and feasibility outcomes of a self-monitoring physical activity intervention delivered by the Super Tracker website among inner city adolescents. A total of 26 students volunteered for this feasibility study. The website incorporates goal setting, self-monitoring of physical and dietary activity. Focus groups were conducted to assess the participants’ perceptions of the intervention and the application performance. Results suggested that the website intervention was feasible and acceptable to adolescents and may be utilized as an integral part in behavioral interventions for this specific population

Correlation functions of the Kitaev model with a spatially modulated phase in the superconducting order parameter

The Kitaev chain model with a spatially modulated phase in the superconducting order parameter exhibits two types of topological transitions, namely a band topology transition between trivial and topological gapped phases, and a Fermi surface Lifshitz transition from a gapped to a gapless superconducting state. We investigate the correlation functions of the model for arbitrary values of superconducting coupling~$\Delta_0$, chemical potential $\mu$, and phase modulation wavevector $Q$, characterizing the current flowing through the system. In the cases $\mu=0$ or $Q=\pm \pi/2$ the model turns out to exhibit special symmetries, which are proven to induce an even/odd effect in the correlations as a function of the distance $l$ between two lattice sites, as they are non-vanishing or strictly vanishing depending on the parity of $l$, measured in the lattice spacing unit. We identify a clear difference between the band topology and the Lifshitz transition through the $Q$-dependence of the short distance correlation functions, which, in particular, exhibit pronounced cusps with discontinuous derivatives across the Lifshitz transition. We also determine the long distance behavior of correlations, finding that in the gapped phase there can be various types of exponential decays and that in the gapless phase the algebraic decay is characterized by two different spatial periods, depending on the model parameters. Furthermore, we establish a connection between the gapless superconducting phase of the Kitaev chain and the chiral phase of spin models with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction