Practice What You Preach: Power, Paternalism, and the Christian Lawyer for the Poor

This Essay will focus on the approach a Christian poverty lawyer can take to answering these questions. This Essay will argue that because a lawyer\u27s actions are ultimately based on what she believes about herself and her place in the world, the Christian lawyer will begin her move away from paternalism and towards power-sharing. She will do this by embracing a Christian self-understanding and integrating that understanding into her work in the most significant ways possible. Further, when she looks at power itself through a biblical lens, the Christian poverty lawyer sees a framework for practice that is radically different from that which her lawyer\u27s training instilled in her. Yet, that framework is attainable and sustainable because of its roots in her deepest beliefs. In short, when the Christian lawyer practices what she preaches, she finds the resources necessary to relate to her client in accordance with her, and the profession\u27s, highest aspirations

The effect of spatial, spectral and radiometric factors on classification accuracy using thematic mapper data

An experiment of a factorial design was conducted to test the effects on classification accuracy of land cover types due to the improved spatial, spectral and radiometric characteristics of the Thematic Mapper (TM) in comparison to the Multispectral Scanner (MSS). High altitude aircraft scanner data from the Airborne Thematic Mapper instrument was acquired over central California in August, 1983 and used to simulate Thematic Mapper data as well as all combinations of the three characteristics for eight data sets in all. Results for the training sites (field center pixels) showed better classification accuracies for MSS spatial resolution, TM spectral bands and TM radiometry in order of importance

Studies on the clinical significance of nonesterified and total cholesterol in urine

Gas-liquid chromatographic determinations of nonesterified and total urinary cholesterol were performed in 137 normals, 264 patients with various internal diseases without evidence of neoplasias or diseases of the kidney or urinary tract, 497 patients with malignancies and 236 patients with diseases of the kidney, urinary tract infections or prostatic adenoma with residual urine. A normal range (mean±2 SD) of 0.2–2.2 mg/24 hours nonesterified cholesterol (NEC) and of 0.3–3.0 mg/24 hours total cholesterol (TC) was calculated. Values of urinary cholesterol excretion were independent of age and sex and did not correlate with cholesterol levels in plasma. Patients with various internal diseases, without evidence of neoplasias nor diseases of the kidney or obstruction of the urinary tract, showed normal urinary cholesterol excretions, as did patients with infections of the urinary tract. However, elevated urinary cholesterol was found in patients with diseases of the kidney or urinary tract obstruction (prostatic adenoma with residual urine), malignant diseases of the urogenital tract and metastasing carcinoma of the breast. In patients with other malignant diseases urinary cholesterol was usually normal. Lesions of the urothelial cell membranes are considered to be the most likely cause of urinary cholesterol hyperexcretion. The clinical value of urinary cholesterol determinations as a possible screening test for urogenital carcinomas in unselected populations is limited by lacking specificity, expensive methodology and low prevalence of the mentioned carcinomas, although elevated urinary cholesterol excretions have been observed in early clinical stages of urogenital cancers

Conductance through atomic point contacts between fcc(100) electrodes of gold

Electrical conductance through various nanocontacts between gold electrodes is studied by using the density functional theory, scalar-relativistic pseudopotentials, generalized gradient approximation for the exchange-correlation energy and the recursion-transfer-matrix method along with channel decomposition. The nanocontact is modeled with pyramidal fcc(100) tips and 1 to 5 gold atoms between the tips. Upon elongation of the contact by adding gold atoms between the tips, the conductance at Fermi energy E_F evolves from G ~ 3 G_0 to G ~ 1 G_0 (G_0 = 2e/h^2). Formation of a true one-atom point contact, with G ~ 1 G_0 and only one open channel, requires at least one atom with coordination number 2 in the wire. Tips that share a common vertex atom or tips with touching vertex atoms have three partially open conductance channels at E_F, and the symmetries of the channels are governed by the wave functions of the tips. The long 5-atom contact develops conductance oscillations and conductance gaps in the studied energy range -3 < E-E_F < 5 eV, which reflects oscillations in the local density of electron states in the 5-atom linear "gold molecule" between the electrodes, and a weak coupling of this "molecule" to the tips

An electrochemical rebalance cell for Redox systems

An electrochemical rebalance cell for maintaining electrochemical balance, at the system level, of the acidified aqueous iron chloride and chromium chloride reactant solutions in the redox energy storage system was constructed and evaluated. The electrochemical reaction for the cathode is Fe(+3) + e(-) yields Fe(+2), and that for the anode is 1/2H2 yields H(+) + e(-). The iron (carbon felt) electrode and the hydrogen (platinized carbon) electrode are separated by an anion exchange membrane. The performance of the rebalance cell is discussed as well as the assembly of a single rebalance cell and multicell stacks. Various cell configurations were tested and the results are presented and discussed. The rebalance cell was also used to demonstrate its ability, as a preparative tool, for making high purity solutions of soluble reduced metal ionic species. Preparations of titanium, copper, vanadium and chromium ions in acidified solutions were evaluated

High Resolution Spectrometry of Leaf and Canopy Chemistry for Biochemical Cycling

High-resolution laboratory spectrophotometer and Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) data were used to analyze forest leaf and canopy chemistry. Fundamental stretching frequencies of organic bonds in the visible, near infrared and short-wave infrared are indicative of concentrations and total content of nitrogen, phosphorous, starch and sugar. Laboratory spectrophotometer measurements showed very strong negative correlations with nitrogen (measured using wet chemistry) in the visible wavelengths. Strong correlations with green wet canopy weight in the atmospheric water absorption windows were observed in the AIS data. A fairly strong negative correlation between the AIS data at 1500 nm and total nitrogen and nitrogen concentration was evident. This relationship corresponds very closely to protein absorption features near 1500 nm

Comportamiento clínico, epidemiológico y uso de suero antiofídico BIOL, en el manejo de accidentes ofídico en hospitales de Chontales, Rio San Juan, Matagalpa y Jinotega, en el período de Enero a Agosto de 2013

Las mordeduras por serpientes constituyen algunas de las urgencias más importantes que se atienden en las unidades de salud de Nicaragua, el tratamiento clave para este tipo de lesiones es el suero antiofídico. Existen dos familias venenosas de serpientes, elapidaes o corales manejadas con suero anticoral, y familia Viperidaes tratadas con suero polivalente. El suero utilizado para Viperidaes tradicionalmente ha sido el suero del Instituto de Clodomiro Picado, pero recientemente se ha incluido un nuevo suero polivalente (BIOL) para el manejo de los mismos. Con el objetivo de determinar el comportamiento clínico, epidemiológico y uso del suero BIOL en mejorar el cuadro clínico, se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, donde se analizaron datos recolectados de los expedientes clínicos de 70 pacientes, con antecedentes de accidentes ofídicos en los departamentos de Matagalpa, Jinotega, Chontales y Río San Juan, entre enero y agosto de 2013. La tasa de incidencia fue de 5.5 casos por 100,000 habitantes, con predominio en el sexo masculino (73%), en edades comprendidas entre 10 y 49 años(62%), realizaban en su mayoría labores agrícolas (32.8%). El género Bothrops asper fue el responsable del 71.4% de los casos. Del total de pacientes lesionados, el 71.4 % acudió por atención a los puestos y centros de salud de su comunidad o municipio, y a un 86 % de estos les fue suministrado suero antiveneno. Los cuadros clínicos más frecuentes al momento del ingreso al hospital fueron edema y dolor en la extremidad. A 38 pacientes se les suministró suero BIOL-CLB, 22 se clasificaron como envenenamiento leve (57.8 %), 12 pacientes en la categoría de envenenamiento moderado (31.6%) y 4 pacientes (10.5 %) en cuadro de envenenamiento severo. Una vez aplicado el suero hubo mejoría en los síntomas y en las determinaciones de laboratorio, además solamente 3 de 38 pacientes sufrieron algún tipo de reacción al suero, prurito generalizado y aumento de calo

Defect-Seeded Atomic Layer Deposition of Metal Oxides on the Basal Plane of 2D Layered Materials

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) on mechanically exfoliated 2D layered materials spontaneously produces network patterns of metal oxide nanoparticles in triangular and linear deposits on the basal surface. The network patterns formed under a range of ALD conditions and were independent of the orientation of the substrate in the ALD reactor. The patterns were produced on MoS2 or HOPG when either tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium or bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)manganese were used as precursors, suggesting that the phenomenon is general for 2D materials. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence, prior to deposition, of dislocation networks along the basal plane of mechanically exfoliated 2D flakes, indicating that periodical basal plane defects related to disruptions in the van der Waals stacking of layers, such as perfect line dislocations and triangular extended stacking faults networks, introduce a surface reactivity landscape that leads to the emergence of patterned deposition

The chromatin remodeller ACF acts as a dimeric motor to space nucleosomes.

Evenly spaced nucleosomes directly correlate with condensed chromatin and gene silencing. The ATP-dependent chromatin assembly factor (ACF) forms such structures in vitro and is required for silencing in vivo. ACF generates and maintains nucleosome spacing by constantly moving a nucleosome towards the longer flanking DNA faster than the shorter flanking DNA. How the enzyme rapidly moves back and forth between both sides of a nucleosome to accomplish bidirectional movement is unknown. Here we show that nucleosome movement depends cooperatively on two ACF molecules, indicating that ACF functions as a dimer of ATPases. Further, the nucleotide state determines whether the dimer closely engages one or both sides of the nucleosome. Three-dimensional reconstruction by single-particle electron microscopy of the ATPase-nucleosome complex in an activated ATP state reveals a dimer architecture in which the two ATPases face each other. Our results indicate a model in which the two ATPases work in a coordinated manner, taking turns to engage either side of a nucleosome, thereby allowing processive bidirectional movement. This novel dimeric motor mechanism differs from that of dimeric motors such as kinesin and dimeric helicases that processively translocate unidirectionally and reflects the unique challenges faced by motors that move nucleosomes