Neonatal outcome in randomized controlled trial of low dose oral misoprostol in comparison with intracervical Dinoprostone gel for labour induction

Background: Induction of labour is a therapeutic option when the benefits of delivery outweigh risks of continuing pregnancy. There are several agents for induction of labour to achieve better outcome of labour. Acceptable methods for induction are oxytocin infusion, dinoprostone gel, misoprostol and mechanical cervical dilators. Prostaglandins are the preferred choice in unripened cervix. To study the neonatal outcome in induction of labour with low dose oral misoprostol compared with intracervical dinoprostone gel and also to assess occurrence of meconium staining liquor.Methods: One hundred women with single live fetus, term gestation, cephalic presentation, reactive fetal heart pattern and Bishops score <6 were included in the study. They were randomized to receive either 6 doses of 25ug oral misoprostol every 3rd hourly or 0.5ug intracervical dinoprostone every 6th hourly for a maximum of 3 doses. Oxytocin was administered. Fetal outcome was assessed in terms of APGAR score, meconium staining and need for NICU.Results: Meconium stained amniotic fluid was high in misoprostol group (16%) compared to dinoprostone group (8%). NICU admissions were seen in 7 neonates in both groups.Conclusions: Low dose oral misoprostol is a safe method of labour induction. APGAR and NICU admission rates were comparable in both groups. Meconium staining was more in misoprostol group compared to dinoprostone group

Randomized control trial of low dose oral misoprostol compared with intracervical dinoprostone gel for cervical ripening

Background: Induction of labour is a therapeutic option when the benefits of delivery outweigh risks of continuing pregnancy. There are several agents for induction of labour to achieve better outcome of labour. Acceptable methods for induction are oxytocin infusion, dinoprostone gel, misoprostol and mechanical cervical dilators. Prostaglandins are the preferred choice in unripened cervix. Objective of this study was to compare efficacy, safety of low dose oral misoprostol compared with intracervical dinoprostone gel for cervical ripening.Methods: One hundred women with single live fetus, term gestation, cephalic presentation, reactive fetal heart pattern and Bishops score &lt;6 were included in the study. They were randomized to receive either 6 doses of 25ug oral misoprostol every 3rd hourly or 0.5ug intracervical dinoprostone every 6th hourly for a maximum of 3 doses.Results: Bishops score improvement after 6,12,18 hours in both the groups was statistically insignificant. Induction delivery interval was11.96±5.88 for misoprostol and 10.95±4.58 in dinoprostone group with P value 0.341 which was statistically insignificant. Need for oxytocin augmentation was less (18%) in misoprostol group as compared to dinoprostone group (44%). Caesarean section rate was slightly higher in misoprostol group (26% vs 24%). Meconium stained amniotic fluid was high in misoprostol group (16%) compared to dinoprostone group (8%). Maternal complications were minimal and neonatal outcome was good in both the groups.Conclusions: Compared to dinoprostone; misoprostol is easy to store, cost effective, stable at room temperature, can be easily administered and had better patient compliance and acceptability. It was found to be a better cervical ripening agent with similar maternal and fetal safety profile

CHARACTERIZATION OF Pr6O11 DOPED ZINC FLUOROBORATE GLASS

Pr3+ doped zinc fluoroborate glasses with the chemical composition [(mol %) 30ZnF2 – 20 TeO2 – (50-x) B2O3 – xPr6O11] (where x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mol %) of different concentration of rare earth element praseodymium (Pr3+) have been prepared by conventional melt quench technique. The physical parameters like density, refractive index, number density, molar refraction, molar electronic polarizability, electronic polarizability, dielectric constant, polaron radius, inter–ionic separation, molar volume and oscillator strength of these glasses were calculated as a function of dopant concentration. The densities and refractive indices of these glasses were found to be in the range 2.0 g/cm3 - 2.67 g/cm3 and 1.644 – 1.73 respectively. Stability of the glass doped with 1.0 mol % Pr3+ was found to be 120

Analgesic Activity of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg.

Background: This study intended to experimentally evaluate the analgesic activity of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. which is widely used by folklore and traditional healers in pain relief. The drug is commonly known as ‘Bhumi Eranda’ among the locals.Methods: The plant material of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. was collected from the fields of Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore and preserved as per the standard method. The toxicity studies carried out earlier has proved that, the drug was non-toxic up to 3000 mg/kg body weight. The effective doses were derived as 300 mg/kg (lower) and 600 mg/kg (higher) body weight and the experimental study was conducted. Analgesic screening models used for the study are – Eddy’s Hot plate and Tail immersion models. The study was carried out in 4 groups i.e. Control, Standard, Lower dose Kashaya of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. and Higher dose Kashaya of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. in each model. The activity was compared with a standard reference drug, Tramadol and Diclofenac.Results: The results were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by Dunnett test to detect the significance of differences between each group and control.Conclusion: The study helped to conclude, Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. as an ideal analgesic and supported the traditional claim

Children Activity Alert System Using Accelerometer and GSM Technology

In this paper the discussion is about monitoring a child. Most of the children’s takes there first step sometime between 9 and 12 months and are walking well by the time ,when they are 14 or 16 months old and they will be in danger, during this age as they start walking. Hence we place a Accelerometer and RFID on the body of child to secure child from accidents such as falling or any injuries at home .The Accelerometer and RFID placed on hands and waist of baby which gives every movements of child. Temperature sensor is used to check the home temperature for safety of child

The Study of Electron Beam Irradiation on Eu2O3 Doped Pbf2 - Teo2 - B2O3 Glasses

We report here the combined structural, optical andthermal studies carried out for the prepared Eu2O3 doped PbF2-TeO2-B2O3 glass [built using melting molding technique] samplesbefore and after being subjected to electron beam of energy 7.5MeV [Dose: 150 kGy], containing 0-2.5 mol% of Eu2O3. Theincrease in densities of the samples both before and afterirradiation has been understood, mainly due to the UV-VIS-NIRdata, energy band gap (Eg) values and the characteristictemperatures obtained from Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) study. The decrement in the values of energy band gapand the shifting of the absorption cut-off wavelength of UV-VISNIRspectra towards red edge, proved the formation of colorcenters in the glass network after irradiation. The changes in thephysical appearance of the glasses from light yellow to deepyellowish color after irradiation were studied through colormeasurement. The change in Hunter L values after irradiation,through color measurement was a proof for the color centers orabsorption centers created in the glass sites. Glass transformationtemperatures [glass transition (Tg), onset of crystallization (Tx),crystallization (Tc) and melting temperature (Tm)] throughDifferential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), were analyzed to studythe thermal effects on amorphized borate glasses and check itsreaction on stability and vitreous network of the glass samplesboth before and after electron beam irradiation

A Bayesian Calibration Framework for EDGES

We develop a Bayesian model that jointly constrains receiver calibration, foregrounds and cosmic 21cm signal for the EDGES global 21\,cm experiment. This model simultaneously describes calibration data taken in the lab along with sky-data taken with the EDGES low-band antenna. We apply our model to the same data (both sky and calibration) used to report evidence for the first star formation in 2018. We find that receiver calibration does not contribute a significant uncertainty to the inferred cosmic signal (<1%), though our joint model is able to more robustly estimate the cosmic signal for foreground models that are otherwise too inflexible to describe the sky data. We identify the presence of a significant systematic in the calibration data, which is largely avoided in our analysis, but must be examined more closely in future work. Our likelihood provides a foundation for future analyses in which other instrumental systematics, such as beam corrections and reflection parameters, may be added in a modular manner.Comment: 18 pages + 3 for appendices. 13 figures. Accepted to MNRA

Low-Frequency Radio Recombination Lines Away From the Inner Galactic Plane

Diffuse radio recombination lines (RRLs) in the Galaxy are possible foregrounds for redshifted 21~cm experiments. We use EDGES drift scans centered at $-26.7^o$~declination to characterize diffuse RRLs across the southern sky. We find RRLs averaged over the large antenna beam ($72^o \times 110^o$) reach minimum amplitudes between right ascensions~2-6~h. In this region, the C$\alpha$ absorption amplitude is $33\pm11$~mK (1$\sigma$) averaged over 50-87~MHz ($27\gtrsim z \gtrsim15$ for the 21~cm line) and increases strongly as frequency decreases. C$\beta$ and H$\alpha$ lines are consistent with no detection with amplitudes of $13\pm14$ and $12\pm10$~mK (1$\sigma$), respectively. At 108-124.5~MHz ($z\approx11$) in the same region, we find no evidence for carbon or hydrogen lines at the noise level of 3.4~mK (1$\sigma$). Conservatively assuming observed lines come broadly from the diffuse interstellar medium, as opposed to a few compact regions, these amplitudes provide upper limits on the intrinsic diffuse lines. The observations support expectations that Galactic RRLs can be neglected as significant foregrounds for a large region of sky until redshifted 21~cm experiments, particularly those targeting Cosmic Dawn, move beyond the detection phase. We fit models of the spectral dependence of the lines averaged over the large beam of EDGES, which may contain multiple line sources with possible line blending, and find that including degrees of freedom for expected smooth, frequency-dependent deviations from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) is preferred over simple LTE assumptions for C$\alpha$ and H$\alpha$ lines. For C$\alpha$ we estimate departure coefficients $0.79<b_n\beta_n<4.5$ along the inner Galactic Plane and $0<b_n\beta_n<2.3$ away from the inner Galactic Plane.Comment: 25 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, submitted to AA

A Bayesian approach to modelling spectrometer data chromaticity corrected using beam factors -- I. Mathematical formalism

Accurately accounting for spectral structure in spectrometer data induced by instrumental chromaticity on scales relevant for detection of the 21-cm signal is among the most significant challenges in global 21-cm signal analysis. In the publicly available EDGES low-band data set, this complicating structure is suppressed using beam-factor based chromaticity correction (BFCC), which works by dividing the data by a sky-map-weighted model of the spectral structure of the instrument beam. Several analyses of this data have employed models that start with the assumption that this correction is complete. However, while BFCC mitigates the impact of instrumental chromaticity on the data, given realistic assumptions regarding the spectral structure of the foregrounds, the correction is only partial. This complicates the interpretation of fits to the data with intrinsic sky models (models that assume no instrumental contribution to the spectral structure of the data). In this paper, we derive a BFCC data model from an analytic treatment of BFCC and demonstrate using simulated observations that, in contrast to using an intrinsic sky model for the data, the BFCC data model enables unbiased recovery of a simulated global 21-cm signal from beam-factor chromaticity corrected data in the limit that the data is corrected with an error-free beam-factor model.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in MNRA